FLAX SEEDS (LINUM USITATISSIMUM L.) AS A VALUABLE FOOD RESOURCE
Keywords:
flax, seed, oil, fatty acids, iodine number, acid number
Abstract
The article presents the results of the analysis of literature sources related to studies of morphology, anatomy, chemical composition of flax seeds (Linum usitatissimum L.), as well as industrial and medical use of flaxseed oil. This culture has long been known to mankind as a yarn, as it served as a source of fiber for the manufacture of clothing and technical fabrics. The list of fabric products is extremely diverse: coarse packaging fabric, burlap, tarpaulin, twine, fine bedding, fabrics for decoration, towels and clothing, as well as fine lawn. The seeds were used as animal feed and seed. But today there is a growing demand for flax seeds for processing into food, medicinal and technical purposes. Flaxseed oil is widely used in the industry for the manufacture of drying oils, paints, varnishes, insulating tape, linoleum, confectionery and fish canning industry. In addition, flax seeds can act as a drug for the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Flax seed has a number of morphological and anatomical features that determine the biological properties of this culture. The size of the seed (weight of 1000 pcs.) Varies, depending on the variety and growing conditions, from 2.1 to 13.0 g. Endosperm of flaxseed contains a large amount of fat and protein. The anatomical structure and chemical composition of flax seeds determine its potential as a food and medicinal raw material. Coarse seeds are used to make bread and pastries used in dietary nutrition. Recent scientific studies have shown that flaxseed is extremely rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic (ω-3), linolenic (ω-6) and others. These acids are found in many valuable oils and products of animal origin; for the human body they are indispensable because they are not synthesized. Their use has a positive effect on the functioning of both individual organs and the therapeutic state of the human body as a whole. Thus, polyunsaturated fatty acids improve the elasticity of blood vessel walls, including the retina and muscle fibers of the heart, so their use is desirable in glaucoma, cataracts, myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis, diabetes. The use of these acids by women during pregnancy has a positive effect on the development of the brain in the fetus. In world practice, the use of products with unsaturated fatty acids is used to support patients with cancer and immune deficiency. Adding flaxseed meal to the diet of farm animals increases their resistance to disease and improves the taste of meat.
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Published
2022-02-21
How to Cite
Vereshchahin, I. V., Kandyba, N. M., Stashko, M. R., & Nedohybchenko, A. S. (2022). FLAX SEEDS (LINUM USITATISSIMUM L.) AS A VALUABLE FOOD RESOURCE. Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. The Series: Agronomy and Biology, 45(3), 18-26. https://doi.org/10.32845/agrobio.2021.3.3
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