EMMER: ORIGIN, DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGY AND PROSPECTS OF REVIVAL IN MODERN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION OF UKRAINE
Keywords:
Triticum dicoccum (Schrank) Schuebl., emmer, hulless, phylogeny, wheat genome, economic and valuable and morpho-biological traits, breeding process.
Abstract
In recent decades, there has been an increase in interest in the breeding of rare wheats, which in turn is due to an increase in consumer demand for grain products from these species. Such species also include the ancient membranous species of wheat Triticum dicoccum (Schrank) Schuebl. – emmer, which was grown in Ukraine since prehistoric times, but with the transition to intensive agricultural production, it was completely displaced from the fields by highly productive varieties of bread and durum wheat. Many samples of emmer wheat are characterized by resistance to various adverse environmental factors, T. dicoccum grows on infertile soils, is resistant to cold, excessive moisture and drought, is characterized by immunity to the main fungal diseases and pests, withstands weeding, which allows it to be grown without the use of plant protection agents by organic, environmentally safe technology. The second important feature of spelled, which influenced the revival of this culture, is the high nutritional quality of its grain and the excellent taste of the groats from it. It is for these reasons that products made from emmer grains are highly valued among fans of healthy and dietary food, which has led to an increase in demand for it in many countries of the world. Recently, there has been an increase in demand for products from emmer wheat in Ukraine as well, which is evidenced by the appearance of new varieties of spelled on the domestic market and an increase in the area sown under it. Taking into account the interest of breeders and producers in this culture, we prepared an overview in which we provided analyzed and summarized information about the origin of emmer and the history of its distribution, provided information about its morpho-biological signs and properties, assessed the prospects of its use in the breeding process and the revival of emmer ordinary as an independent culture. The article gives examples of the successful use of emmer in breeding work with various species of wheat and discusses problematic issues related to its cultivation and use as an independent crop.
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Published
2023-06-09
How to Cite
Rozhkov, R. V., Babenko, L. M., Kryvoruchenko, R. V., Turchinova, N. P., Ivanov, O. V., & Turchinov, O. O. (2023). EMMER: ORIGIN, DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGY AND PROSPECTS OF REVIVAL IN MODERN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION OF UKRAINE. Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. The Series: Agronomy and Biology, 51(1), 90-103. https://doi.org/10.32782/agrobio.2023.1.11
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