DESIGN FEATURES OF HIVES IN MODERN BEEKEEPING IN UKRAINE

Abstract

The paper gives a generalized description of hives of various designs, which are currently used in both industrial and amateur apiaries in Ukraine. The beekeeping industry in our country combines industrial apiaries and private sector apiaries. Having one goal, the production of bee products, using different technologies for keeping bee colonies, different designs of hives, equipment and inventory. It has been established that hives of foreign origin are used in domestic apiaries, but the most common are hives of domestic designs. In industrial apiaries, bees are usually kept in multi-hive hives. In the private sector, the population uses a variety of hive designs. Traditionally, Ukrainian Beehive is in the lead. A bee club for wintering is well formed in the nest of the Ukrainian hive, so the death of families from starvation is minimized. The disadvantage of the Ukrainian hive is a slightly high frame. Therefore, the lower part of the nest in the spring is not inhabited by bees. Polyurethane hives, which are made using a completely new technology, have become a novelty, but already quite common in Ukraine. Polyurethane foam is a modern and environmentally friendly polymer. It is widely used in construction, food, automotive, furniture and other industries. Replacing wooden hives with polyurethane foam increases the efficiency of farms by 1.5 times. Due to the high energy-saving properties of polyurethane foam, the bee family grows 1.5 times faster, and the cost of keeping bees is reduced by 30-60%. Almost every apiary uses Alpine beehives "Climastable" (Roger Delon) awarded two Apimondia medals, including a gold medal in 1965. The height of the case of 108 mm gives it many advantages, keeps harmonious balance with the nature, is convenient in operation. The internal size of the case is 300x300 mm and is designed for eight frames. According to the laws of physics, this hive promotes self-recovery of the respiratory cycle and the recovery of the family at any time of year and with different methods of maintenance. Domestic beekeepers still use a number of different Ukrainian hives-inventions: "Cossack". "Podolsky". "Beehives made of reeds", "Horned" and others. The work shows the high level of creativity and invention of Ukrainian beekeepers deservedly recognized around the world.