INFLUENCE OF HIGH PROTEIN SUNFLOWER CONCENTRATE DURING THE FEEDING PIGS ON THEIR SLAUGHTER QUALITY

Keywords: pigs, feed, soybean meal, high-protein sunflower meal

Abstract

The article presents the results of the study of the effect of partial and complete replacement of soybean meal with high-protein sunflower concentrate «Proglot» in the conditions of an industrial pig complex on the slaughter performance and quality of carcasses of fattening young pigs after slaughter with different weight conditions. Quality indicators of pig carcasses were studied under the condition of replacing half and all soybean meal with high-protein sunflower concentrate «Proglot» during rearing and fattening. It was established that there is no dependence of slaughter weight, slaughter yield, chilled carcass weight and its length, fat thickness above the sixth-seventh thoracic vertebrae, in the withers, in the chest and sacrum, the area of the «muscle eye» and the weight of the back third of the half-carcasses of partial and full replacement soybean meal for sunflower concentrate in the diet of pigs in the pre-slaughter weight categories of 100, 110 and 120 kg. At the same time, an increase in the pre-slaughter live weight of pigs from 100 to 120 kg, both with complete and partial replacement of soybean meal with sunflower concentrate, and when feeding soybean meal as a protein component led to an increase in slaughter weight by 22.93–25.47% , fat thickness on the breast by 39.13–41.40%, length of the half carcass by 4.74–5.37%, area of the “muscle eye” by 12.21–12.28%, mass of the rear third of the half carcass by 14.53–22.12%, fat yield by 24.89–23.77%. Whereas, for all diets, the meat yield of the experimental animals decreased by 7.29–6.42% and the meatiness ratio deteriorated by 4.16–2.17% with an increase in pre-slaughter live weight from 100 to 120 kg. Probable influence of pre-slaughter live weight on slaughter weight 55.30%, fat thickness above the 6–7 thoracic vertebra 35.92%, weight of the rear third of the half carcass by 30.10%, on the length of the half carcass 22.40%, thickness of fat on the breast 21.12%, the thickness of the fat in the sacrum by 18.57%, the area of the «muscle eye» by 15.99%, on the slaughter output by 8.40%. At the same time, the composition of the feeding ration affected the slaughter yield with 12.6% strength, the thickness of lard above the 6–7 thoracic vertebra 4.34%, the thickness of lard on the chest 4.21%, the length of the half carcass 2.87, the thickness of lard in the sacrum 1.01%, the weight of the back third of the half-carcass was 1.85, the slaughter weight was 1.20, and had no probable influence on the area of the «muscle eye» and the thickness of the lard in the withers.

References

1. Almeida, F. N., Sulabo, R. C., Stein, H. H. (2014). Amino acid digestibility and concentration of digestible and metabolizable energy in a threonine biomass product fed to weanling pigs. Journal of Animal Science, 92, 4540–4546. URL: https://doi.org/10.2527/jas2013-6635
2. Araújo, W. A. G., Albino, L. F. T., Rostagno, H. S., Hannas, M. I., Luengas, J. A. P., Silva, F. C. de O., Carvalho, T. A., Maia, R. C. (2014). Sunflower meal and supplementation of enzyme complex in diets for growing and finishing pigs. Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science, 51(1), 49–59. URL: https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.1678-4456. v51i1p49-59
3. Attilio, L. Mordenti, G. M., Nico, B., Eleonora, N., Giorgio, V., Giuliano, Z., Luca, S. (2012). Effects of a soybean-free diet supplied to Italian heavy pigs on fattening performance, and meat and dry-cured ham quality. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 11, 4. URL: https://doi.org/10.4081/ijas.2012.e80
4. Banaszkiewicz, T. (2011). Nutritional Value of Soybean Meal. In (Ed.), Soybean and Nutrition. IntechOpen. URL: https://doi.org/10.5772/23306
5. Beyihayo, G., Mwesigwa, R. Pezo, D. (2015). Pig feeding strategies: Uganda smallholder pig value chain capacity development training manual. ILRI Manual 16. Nairobi, Kenya : International Livestock Research Institute.
6. Biriukova, I. (2019). Pidtverdzheno praktykoiu [Confirmed by practice]. The Ukrainian Farmer. URL: https://agrotimes.ua/magazine_number/the-ukrainian-farmer-77/(in Ukrainian).
7. Boggess, M., Stein, H. H., DeRouchey, J. (2008). Alternative Feed Ingredients in Swine Diets. National Pork Board, Des Moines. URL: http://porkcdn.s3.amazonaws.com/sites/all/files/documents/Resources/04836.pdf
8. Carellos, D. C., Lima, J. A. F., Fialho, E. T., Freitas, R. T. F., Silva, H. O., Branco P. A. C., de Souza, Z. A., Neto, J. V. (2005). Evaluation of sunflower meal on growth and carcass traits of finishing pigs. Ciênc. agrotec., 29(1). URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-70542005000100026
9. Čechová, M., Bečková, R., Hadaš, Z., Václavková, E., Rychetská, M. (2010). Effect of cla and sunflower oil in pig diet on carcass value traits and meat quality. Research in pig breeding, 4(1), 1–4. URL: http://www.respigbreed.cz/2010/1/1.pdf
10. Cemin, H. S., Williams, H. E., Tokach, M. D. (2020). Estimate of the energy value of soybean meal relative to corn based on growth performance of nursery pigs. J Animal Sci Biotechnol., 11, 70. URL: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-020-00474-x
11. Cortamira, O., Gallego, A., Kim, S. (2000). Evaluation of Twice Decorticated Sunflower Meal as a Protein Source Compared with Soybean Meal in Pig Diets. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 13, 1295–1303. URL: https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2000.1296
12. Council Directive 86/609/EEC of 24 November 1986 on the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the Member States regarding the protection of animals used for experimental and other scientific purposes. URL: https://www.animallaw.info/statute/eu-research-council-directive-86609eec-regarding-protection-animals-used-experimental-and
13. Fasuyi, A. O., Ibitayo, F. J., Fagbuaro, S. S. (2012). Carcass and slaughter traits of weanling pigs fed graded levels of wild sunflower (Tithonia diversifolia) leaf meal. African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development. URL: https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Carcass+and+slaughter+traits+of+weanling+pigs+fed+graded+levels+of...-a0293949360
14. Hartman, A. D., Costello, W. J., Libal, G. W., Wahlstrom, R. C. (1985). Effect of Sunflower Seeds on Performance, Carcass Quality, Fatty Acids and Acceptability of Pork, Journal of Animal Science, 60(1), 212–219. URL: https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1985.601212x
15. He, T., Zheng Y., Piao, X., Long, S. (2022). Determination of the available energy, standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids of fermented corn germ meal replacing soybean meal in growing pig diets. Animal Nutrition, 9, 259–268. URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2021.11.007
16. Heuzé, V., Tran, G., Chapoutot, P., Renaudeau, D., Bastianelli, D., Lebas, F. (2015). Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) seeds and oil meal. Feedipedia, a programme by INRA, CIRAD, AFZ and FAO. URL: http://www.feedipedia.org/node/49
17. Hur, S. J., Park, G. B., Joo, S. T. (2007). A comparison of the effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acid contents, cholesterol, lipid oxidation and drip loss in pork loin and chicken breast. J. Muscle Foods, 18(3), 264–275. URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4573.2007.00082.x
18. Ibagon, J. A., Lee, S. A., Stein, H. H. (2021). Sunflower expellers have greater ileal digestibility of amino acids than sunflower meal, but there are only minor variations among different sources of sunflower meal when fed to growing pigs. J Anim Sci., 99(8), skab198. URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab198.
19. ISO 23781:2021, Operating procedures of pig slaughtering. International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland. URL: https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/iso/300396ea-2102-4999-897f-c2f5315f3a31/iso-fdis-23781 (accessed on 11.08.2022).
20. ISO 3100-1, Meat and meat products – Sampling and preparation of test samples – Part 1: Sampling. International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland. URL: https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/iso/173c37dd-6a81-4146-beeb-bb1c6fe94c52/iso-3100-1-1991 (accessed on 11.08.2022).
21. Koch, K. M., Thaler, R. C., Baidoo, S. K. (2015). Characterization of energy and performance of swine fed a novel corn-soybean extruded product. J Animal Sci Biotechnol., 6, 17. URL: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-015-0011-6
22. Mavromichalis, I. (2014). Sunflower ingredients in pig feeds. Wattpoultry.com. URL: https://www.wattagnet.com/articles/19237-sunflower-ingredients-in-pig-feeds
23. MPOB. (2019). Oilseeds and protein crops market situation [WWW Document]. Comm Common Organ Agric Mark. URL: https://circabc.europa.eu/sd/a/215a681a-5f50-4a4b-a953-e8fc6336819c/oilseeds-marketsituation.pdf
24. Murru, M., Calvo, L. (2020). Sunflower protein enrichment. Methods and potential applications. OCL, 27, 1–14. URL: https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2020007
25. Okello, D. M., Odongo, W., Aliro, T., Ndyomugyenyi, E. (2021). An assessment of pig feed diversity amongst smallholder pig farmers in Northern Uganda, Cogent Food & Agriculture, 7, 1. URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2021.1937867
26. Povod, M., Kravchenko, O., Getya, A., Zhmailov, V., Mykhalko, O., Korzh, O., Kodak, T. (2020). Influence of pre-killing living weight on the quality of carcasses of hybrid pigs in the conditions of industrial pork production in Ukraine, Scientific Papers Series Management. Economic Engineering in Agriculture and Rural Development, 20(4), 431–436.
27. Seiler, G., Gulya, J. T. (2016). Sunflower. Book Chapter, 247–253.
28. Shelton, J. L. (2001). Effect of different protein soures on growth and carcass traits in growing finishing pigs. Journal of Animal Science, Champaign, 79(9), 2428–2435. URL: https://doi.org/10.2527/2001.7992428x
29. Tsereniuk, O., Akimov, O., Chereuta, Yu. (2020). Kontsentrat dlia porosiat [Concentrate for piglets]. The Ukrainian Farmer. URL: https://agrotimes.ua/magazine_number/the-ukrainian-farmer-79/ (in Ukrainian).
30. Václavková, E., Daněk, P., Rozkot, M. (2011). Effect of sunflower in pig diet on fatty acid content in muscle and fat tissue of fattening pigs. Research in pig breeding., 5(1), 44–47. URL: http://www.respigbreed.cz/2011/1/10.pdf
31. Verbych, I., Bratkovska, H. (2020). Use of feed with different methods of soybean processing with sunflower cake in young pigs feeding. Feeds and Feed Production, (89), 205–215. URL: https://doi.org/10.31073/kormovyrobnytstvo202089-20
32. World Sunflower Production 2019/2020. (2019). URL: http://www.worldagriculturalproduction.com/crops/sunflower.aspx
33. Yaroviy, E. (2020). Vyisokoproteinovyiy podsolnechnyiy kontsentrat «Proglot»: uskoryaet otkorm zhivotnyih, berezhet ih zdorove i ekonomit sredstva fermerov [High-protein sunflower concentrate «Proglot»: accelerates the fattening of animals, protects their health and saves farmers’ money]. Tvarynnytstvo sohodni, 5, 4–48. URL: http://www.ait-magazine.com.ua/sites/default/files/potoki_3.pdf (in Ukrainian).
Published
2022-09-29
How to Cite
Povod, M. H., Mykhalko, O. H., Lykhach, V. Y., Hutyi, B. V., Povoznikov, M. H., Sokolenko, V. V., Verbelchuk, T. V., & Ahunova, L. V. (2022). INFLUENCE OF HIGH PROTEIN SUNFLOWER CONCENTRATE DURING THE FEEDING PIGS ON THEIR SLAUGHTER QUALITY. Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. The Series: Livestock, (2), 36-48. https://doi.org/10.32845/bsnau.lvst.2022.2.6