HEMATOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF PIGS USING GENETICALLY MODIFIED SOYBEANS IN THE RATION
Abstract
World science has enough data indicating the existence of potential and real biological risks during the commercial use of transgenic feed. In experimental studies on laboratory and farm animals, the negative influence of genetically modified feed on the morpho-functional state of their organs and body systems, reproductive function, immune status, and biochemical indicators of blood and urine was revealed. The purpose of this paper was to analyze the morphological and biochemical blood parameters of young pigs for the use of different high-protein feeds in their ration – sunflower cake with narrow-leaved lupine and genetically modified extruded full-fat soybeans. Experimental studies were conducted on the territory of the Institute's physiological yard in the conditions of the III zone of radioactive contamination due to the accident at the Chornobyl NPP. For this purpose, 2 groups of young pigs with 7 heads each were formed: 1st group (control) – was fed by grain mixture №1 with narrow-leaved lupine (alkaloid-free) and sunflower cake; 2nd group (experimental) received grain mixture №2 with genetically modified soybean. Morphological blood tests were performed using the haematological analyzer Abacus Vet 5, and biochemical tests were performed using the semi-automatic biochemical analyzer Cherm 7 and DAC reagents. According to the results of haematological studies, it was established that the main indicators of blood in pigs of both experimental groups were within the physiological norm, in exception for exceeding the upper limit of the norm for segmented neutrophils, cholesterol, ALT and AST. At the same time, when feeding young pigs with a grain mixture containing 10 % (by weight) of genetically modified soybeans, an increase in total protein content in the blood of animals by 15.6 %, hemoglobin – by 12.7 %, platelets – by 2, 1 times and thrombocrit – by 0.07 % absolute (Р>0.95-0.999). At the same time, the number of erythrocytes, leukocytes – 27.2, K – 29.3 and Cl – by 10.0% decreases in the blood of animals of the experimental group relative to the control (Р>0.95-0.99).
References
2. Eissa, M. I., El-Sherbiny, M.A., Ibrahim, A.M., Abdelsladik, A., Mohamed, M.M., & El-Halawany, M.S. (2019). Biochemical and Histopathological studies on female and male Wistar rats fed on genetically modified soybean meals (Roundup Ready). The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology, vol. 80, no. 54, 12 p. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1186/s41936-019-0114-2
3. Herman, R. A., Ekmay, R. D., Schafer, B. W., Brandon, P. S., Fast, J., Papineni, S., Shan, G., & Juberg, D.R. (2018). Food and feed safety of DAS-44406-6 herbicide-tolerant soybean. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacolody, vol. 94, pp. 70–74. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2018.01.016
4. Hilbeck, A., Meier, M., Rombke, J., Jänsch ,S., Teichmann, H., & Tappeser, B. (2011). Environmental risk assessment of genetically modified plants – concepts and controversies. Environmental Sciences Europe, vol. 23, pp.1–13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/2190-4715-23-13
5. Ibatullin, I. I., Zhukorsky, O. M., 2017. Metodolohiya ta orhanizatsiya naukovykh doslidzhen’ u tvarynnytstvi: posibnyk [ Methodology and organization of scientific research in animal husbandry: manual]. Kyiv : Ahrarna nauka, 328 (in Ukrainian).
6. ISAAA Brief 55-2019: Executive Summary (2020). Biotech Crops Drive Socio-Economic Development and Sustainable Environment in the New Frontier. URL: https://www.isaaa.org/resources/publication/briefs/55/executivesumm/de fault.asp
7. Kulyk, Y. M., Kulyk, M. F., Khimich, O. V., Obertyukh, Yu. V., and Vlasenko, V. V., 2015. Zhodovuvannya porosyatam henetychno modyfikovanoyi soyi vprodovzh rr’okh pokolin’ vyklykaye vidsutnist’ statevoho potyahu v knuriv [Feeding genetically modified soybeans to piglets for three generations causes a lack of sex drive in boars]. Ahrarna nauka ta kharchovi tekhnolohiyi, no. 1(90), pp. 25–36. (in Ukrainian).
8. Kucheryavy, V.P., 2015. Vplyv novoyi kormovoyi dobavky na pokaznyky krovi molodnyaku svyney na vyroshchuvanni [The effect of a new feed additive on the blood parameters of young pigs in cultivation]. Naukovyy visnyk LNUVMBT imeni S. Z. Hzhytsʹkoho, vol. 17, no. 3 63), pp. 354–358. (in Ukrainian).
9. Kushnir, G. V., 2017. Analiz rezul’tativ doslidzhen’ roslynnoi syrovyny ta kormiv dlya tvaryn za 2016 rik na nayavnist’ henerychno modyfikovanykh roslyn [Analysis of the results of research on plant raw materials and animal feed for 2016 for the presence of genetically modified plants]. Naukovo-tekhnichnyy byuleten’ derzhavnoho naukovo-doslidnoho kontrol’noho instytutu veternarykh preparative ta kormovykh dobavok i Instututu biolohiyi tvarun, iss.18, no.1, pp. 86–90. (in Ukrainian).
10. Novakovska, V.Yu., 2020. Hematolohichnyy profilʹ krovi svyney za zhodovuvannya tselyulozoamilolitychnoyi dobavky [Hematological blood profile of pigs fed cellulose amylolytic supplement]. Tekhnolohiya vyrobnytstva i pererobky produktsiyi tvarynnytstva, no. 1, pp. 125–131. (in Ukrainian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-9270-2020-157-1-125-131
11. Ogorodnyk, O. Z., 2002. Vplyv rivnya lizynu, metioninu i treoninu v ratsioni na obmin rechovyn ta vmist hormoniv u krovi svyney porody velyka bila kh landras [The influence of the level of lysine, methionine and threonine in the diet on metabolism and the content of hormones in the blood of pigs of the Great White x Landrace breed]. Avtoref. dys. na zdobuttya nauk. stupenya kand. s.-h. nauk: spets. 03.00.04 «Biokhimiya». Lʹviv, 2002. 16 p.
12. Omelchenko, N.M., 2020 Vplyv nanochastynok Arhentumu na hospodars’ki ta fizioloho-biokhimichni pokaznyky laktuyuchykh koriv pry tryvaliy hodivli tradytsiynoyu ta transhennoyu soyeyu [Effect of Argentum nanoparticles on economic and physiological and biochemical indicators of lactating cows during long-term feeding with traditional and transgenic soy]. Tvarynnytstvo ta technolohiyi kharchovykh produktiv, vol. 11, no.4, pp. 61–69. [in Ukrainian]. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31549/ animal2020.04.061
13. Papineni, S., Murray, J., Ricardo, E., Dunville, C., Sura, R., & Thomas, J. (2017). Evaluation of the safety of a genetically modified DAS-44406-6 soybean meal and hulls in a 90-day dietary toxicity study in rats. Food and Chemical Toxicology, vol. 109, pp. 245–252. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2017.08.048
14. Papineni, S., Passage, J.K., Ekmay, R.D., & Thomas, J. (2018). Evaluation of 30% DAS-44406-6 soybean meal in a subchronic rat toxicity study. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacolody, vol. 94, pp. 57–69. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j. yrtph.2018.01.005
15. Pro zakhyst tvaryn vid zhorstokoho povodzhennya: Zakon Ukrayiny vid 21.02.2006 r. №3447-IV: stanom na 21 bereznya 2021 r. URL:https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/3447-15 [On the protection of animals from cruel treatment: Law of Ukraine dated February 21, 2006 No. 3447-IV: as of March 21, 2021 URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/3447-15]
16. Smith, J. M. (2007). Genetic Roulette. The documented health risks of genetically engineered foods. Fairfield:Yes Books, 319.
17. Snell, C., Bernheim, A., Berge, J.-B., Kuntz, M., Pascal, G., Paris, A., & Ricroch, A.E. (2012). Assessment of the health impact of GM plant diets in long-term and multigenerational animal feeding trials: a literature review. Food and Chemical Toxicology, vol. 50, no. 3-4, pp.1134–1148. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2011.11/048
18. Swiatkiewicz, S., Swiatkiewicz, M., Arczewcka-Wlosek, A., & Jozefiak, D. (2014). Genetically modified feeds and their effect on the metabolic parameters of food-producing animals: a rewire of recent studies. Animal Feed Science and Nechnology, vol. 198, pp. 1–19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2014.09.009
19. Zinoviev, S. G., 2014. Deyaki biokhimichni pokaznyky krovi svyney pry vykorystanni HM-soyi v yikh ratsionakh [Some biochemical indicators of the blood of pigs when using GM soybeans in their diets]. Biolohiya tvaryn, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 76–82. (in Ukrainian).
20. Zinoviev, S. G., Semenov, S. O., Bindyug, O. A., and Bindyug, D. O., 2016. Bilkovyy profil’ krovi svyney za zhodovuvannya yim HM-soyi [Blood protein profile of pigs fed GM soybeans]. Naukovi dopovidi NUBiP Ukrayiny, no. 4(61), pp. 1–11. [in Ukrainian]. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi2016.04/027
ISSN 
ISSN 
