VARIABILITY OF LONGEVITY TRAITS OF UKRAINIAN RED-AND-WHITE DAIRY COWS DEPENDING ON THE INFLUENCE OF HEREDITY OF GENEALOGICAL FORMATIONS
Abstract
In the herd of LLC "Mlynivskyi kompleks" of the Romen district in the Sumy region, the selection efficiency of linear breeding was investigated according to the duration of use and cows lifetime productivity of Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy breed. The following traits were evaluated: life expectancy and economic use (days), lifetime milk yield (kg) and milk fat yield (kg), average lifetime fat content in milk (%), average milk yield per 1 day of life (kg) and per 1 day of economic use (kg) , number of lactations used (pcs.) and economic utilization rate (%). The interlineal differentiation established according to the listed indicators testified about the hereditary influence of genealogical formations on their variability. Out of the 13 evaluated lines, the daughter progeny of the sires of the Nagita pedigree line turned out to be the best in terms of longevity. The life span was characterized by significant interline variability, which varied from 3805 (offspring of Nagita breeding line) to 1811 days (offspring of O. Ajvengo genealogical line), the difference between the extreme values was 1994 days (P<0.001). According to the number of used lactations in a lifetime, the progeny of Nagita line were used the longest – 5.5 lactations, with an excess of the rest of the daughter progeny of evaluated lines with a difference of 1.3-3.4 lactations (P<0.001). Higher indicators of the progeny duration use of the sires of Nagita line provided correspondingly higher indicators of their lifetime milk productivity. In terms of lifetime milk yield (35741 kg), daughter progeny of sires of the Nagita line with a highly reliable difference from 9543 to 24665 kg (P<0.001) of milk exceeded the progeny of all other lines. Female progeny of Improver (24658 kg), R. Sovering (24156 kg), Kevelie (22477 kg), Heneve (26198 kg) and Valiant (21425 kg) lines were also noted for their high lifetime milk yield. According to the lifetime output of milk fat, similarly to the amount of lifetime milk yield, the advantage remained with the offspring of the Nagita line, in which it amounted to 1640.3 kg, which is higher compared to the rest of the lines with a highly reliable difference of 232.3-831.4 kg (P <0.001). Variability of lifetime milk fat content of the progeny of the evaluated lines varied within 3.75-3.85%, with a highly reliable difference of 0.10% between the extreme variants (P<0.001), which also confirmed the influence of heredity of genealogical formations on this selection trait. The established and reliably confirmed regularities of influence on the level of longevity traits of daughter offspring of line inheritance testify to the expediency of selection by genealogical formations and their monitoring by these economically and selectively important indicators.
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