ADVANCED GLOBAL EXPERIENCE IN DAIRY CATTLE BREEDING AND PROSPECTS FOR ITS APPLICATION IN UKRAINE
Keywords:
dairy farming, number of livestock, cow, products, scientific and technological progress, innovations.
Abstract
It is assumed that the dairy industry in the world will have stable prospects for existence and development for a long time. The expansion of dairy farming should take place in countries with suitable land and climatic resources. In Ukraine, in the period from 2000 to 2022, a trend towards an annual decrease of both the total cattle population and the breeding cow population was observed. At the same time, the share of breeding stock of dairy cattle from 2014 showed an annual growth trend. As of January 1, 2022, according to the State register of subjects of breeding business in animal husbandry, there were 141,522 animals in Ukraine. breeding cows, which is at the level of 9.17 % of their total number. The breeding stock was divided between 12 breeds of dairy and combined productivity directions and local breeds, which, due to the low number of cows, in some cases practically makes it impossible to implement the breeding program. As of January 1, 2023, there were 142,119 animals in Ukraine. breeding cows, which is at the level of 10.5 % of the total number. In the list of 11 breeds of dairy and combined production areas, which are registered for breeding in breeding farms in 2023, the most numerous breeds remained: Holstein (44.1 %), Ukrainian Black abd White dairy (36.8 %), Ukrainian Red abd White dairy (11.3 %). Significant changes are observed in the dynamics of dairy production in the pre-war and post-war periods. Thus, a 5.6 % reduction in milk exports was found in the period from 2017 to 2021. A decrease in milk exports is also observed during the war period (2022–2023). Since the beginning of a Russian-Ukrainian war, numerous dairy farms and processing enterprises were affected or found themselves in temporarily occupied territory, in general, from 2022 milk production in Ukraine decreased by 12.1 %, which amounted up 7.6 million tons. According to previous economic, as of early June 2022, the estimated value of farm animals (all species) lost as a result of the war amounted to 136 million US dollars, including 92,000 head of cattle. Ukraine also belongs to the countries with a convenient climatic location and the possibility of providing dairy cattle with fodder, but all the time as long as the war continues, in the leading countries of the world, genetic progress, the effect and pace of selection by quantitative and qualitative characteristics of milk productivity, economic efficiency, reproduction continue to grow ability. Dairy farming will increase, projected to double in countries with advanced technologies. Dairy farming will meet the world's needs for staple foods and nutrients in 2067 by implementing technologies and practices that ensure improved cow health and longevity. Based on analytical data, for the successful operation of the dairy industry and the production of dairy products in the post-war period in Ukraine, it is important to organize the effective use of resources and full support of the dairy business, the improvement of innovative activities, the use of various forms of management, the contribution of investments to the development of the industry, the use of the achievements of scientific and technological progress and leading experience of foreign countries.
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23. Jimenez-Krassel, F., D. M. Scheetz, L. M. Neuder, J. R. Pursley, and J. J. Ireland. 2017. A single ultrasound determination of ≥25 follicles ≥3 mm in diameter in dairy heifers is predictive of a reduced productive herd life. J. Dairy Sci. 100:5019–5027. https://doi.org/ 10.3168/jds. 2016-12277
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27. Lomovskikh, L. O. (2020). Svitovyi rynok moloka ta molokoproduktsii, suchasni tendentsii ta perspektyvy [Global milk and dairy products market, current trends and prospects]. KHNAU Bulletin. Series "Economic Sciences": collection of scientific works Kharkiv National Agrarian University named after V. V. Dokuchaev. Vol. 1 (4), pp. 334-345 (in Ukrainian).
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Published
2023-12-22
How to Cite
Suprun, I. O., Khmelnychyi, L. M., Hetia, A. A., & Matvieiev, M. A. (2023). ADVANCED GLOBAL EXPERIENCE IN DAIRY CATTLE BREEDING AND PROSPECTS FOR ITS APPLICATION IN UKRAINE. Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. The Series: Livestock, (4), 49-58. https://doi.org/10.32782/bsnau.lvst.2023.4.6
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