BREEDING LIVESTOCK OF UKRAINE (DAIRY CATTLE)
Keywords:
dairy cattle, stock, milk productivity, breeds, breeding statuses.
Abstract
The article presented the dynamics of breeding stock of dairy cattle in the direction of productivity, as well as the main selection feature of cows over time. The material for the research was the analytical data of the State Breeding Register (State Breeding Register of Breeding Subjects in Animal Husbandry) for the years 2002-2022. The available breeding stock in dairy cattle for 2022 was 334222 heads, including 142119 cows, 28053 heifers, and 45418 heifers older than 1 year. During the studied period, there was a significant reduction in the controlled part of the population by 43% (252881 heads), including cows by 21% (7419 heads). The share of cows during the specified time did not exceed 44% in 2021 and did not decrease to 30% (2002), and heifers and heifers older than 1 year were, respectively, from 6% to 9% and from 14% to 17%. The average milk productivity of the evaluated cows for the year 2022 had the following values: yield 8618 kg, amount of milk fat 325 kg and protein 280 kg. With the reduction of the number of cows, a positive increase in milk yield by 4614 kg or 54% was noted. The main breeding entities in the Register are breeding farms and reproductions. The total number of statuses in dairy farming for 2022 is 316 farms, including 133 breeding farms and 183 reproductions. Peak periods of maximum values at breeding farms have the following values: farms – 221 herds with a population of 219210 heads, including 84306 cows, and reproductions, respectively, 761 herds (year 2004), population – 432162 heads, including 129455 cows (2002). The average weight of evaluated cows at breeding farms varies from 4854 kg (2003) to 8845 kg (2022), and from reproductions, respectively, from 3514 kg (2002) to 8339 kg (2022).
References
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18. Polupan, Yu. P., Basovskyi, D. M., Rieznykova, N. L., Reznikova, Yu. M. (2017). Problema zberezhennia biolohichnoho riznomanittia henetychnykh resursiv silskohospodarskykh tvaryn [The problem of preserving biological diversity of genetic resources of agricultural animals]. Rozvedennia i henetyka tvaryn, 54. pp. 200–208 [in Ukrainian].
19. Ladyka, V. I., Bratushka, R. V., Boiko, Yu. M. (2012). Perspektyvy selektsii burykh porid molochnoi khudoby [Prospects for the selection of brown breeds of dairy cattle]. Rozvedennia i henetyka tvaryn, 46. pp. 13–15 [in Ukrainian].
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21. Pochukalin, A. Ye., Pryima, S. V., Rizun, O. V. (2021). Parametry osnovnykh oznak produktyvnosti u zavodskykh typakh vitchyznianykh porid khudoby Ukrainy [Parameters of the main characteristics of productivity in factory types of domestic livestock breeds of Ukraine]. Visnyk Sumskoho natsionalnoho ahrarnoho universytetu. Seriia Tvarynnytstvo, 2:45. pp. 127–133 DOI: https://doi.org/10.32845/bsnau.lvst.2021.2.1 [in Ukrainian].
22. Rizun, O. V. (2018). Otsinka zhyvoi masy telyts riznoho pokhodzhennia v stadi TOV «KROK-UkrZalizBud» [Evaluation of the live weight of heifers of different origins in the herd of "KROK-UkrZalizBud" LLC]. Rozvedennia i henetyka tvaryn, 55. pp. 117–123 [in Ukrainian].
23. Pochukalin, A. Ye., Pryima, S. V. (2022). Selektsiine nadbannia molochnoho skotarstva Ukrainy – ukrainska biloholova poroda [The Ukrainian white-headed breed is a breeding asset of dairy cattle breeding in Ukraine]. Rozvedennia i henetyka tvaryn, 64. pp. 179–200. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31073/abg.64.17 [in Ukrainian].
2. Ladyka, V. I., Bondarchuk, L. V. (2014). Molochne tvarynnytstvo Ukrainy: stan ta perspektyva [Dairy livestock of Ukraine: state and perspective]. Visnyk Sumskoho natsionalnoho ahrarnoho universytetu. Seriia Tvarynnytstva, 2/2:25. pp. 3–9 [in Ukrainian].
3. Petrusha, Ye. Z., Nahornyi, S. A. (2013). Vyrobnytstvo produktsii molochnoho skotarstva v Ukraini za period 1990-2011 roky [Production of dairy products in Ukraine for the period 1990-2011]. Naukovo-tekhnichnyi biuleten IT NAAN, no 109:2. pp. 122-125 [in Ukrainian].
4. Safonova, Yu. O., Vedmedenko, O. V. (2015). Suchasnyi stan ta perspektyvy rozvytku molochnoho skotarstva v Ukraini [The current state and prospects for the development of dairy farming in Ukraine] Tavriiskyi naukovyi visnyk, no 93. pp. 169-174 [in Ukrainian].
5. Yemtsev, V. (2012). Haluz skotarstva v Ukraini: suchasnyi stan, problemy ta perspektyvy rozvytku [Cattle breeding industry in Ukraine: current state, problems and development prospects]. Tvarynnytstvo Ukrainy, no 12. pp. 2-7 [in Ukrainian].
6. Yemtsev, V. I., Slobodianiuk, N. M. (2021). Vidrodzhennia resursnoho potentsialu skotarstva yak faktor rozvytku konkurentospromozhnosti pidpryiemstv moloko produktovoho pid kompleksu APK Ukrainy [Revival of the resource potential of cattle breeding as a factor in the development of the competitiveness of dairy enterprises under the complex of the agroindustrial complex of Ukraine]. Tvarynnytstvo ta tekhnolohii kharchovykh produktiv, 12 no 3. pp. 36–49. DOI:https://doi. org/10.31548/animal2021.03.003 [in Ukrainian].
7. Ruban, S. Yu., Fedota, O. M., Matvieiev, M. A., Martynova, M., Ye. (2018). Stan pleminnoho tvarynnytstva ta napriamy selektsii v molochnomu skotarstvi Ukrainy. Naukovyi visnyk Natsionalnoho universytetu bioresursiv i pryrodokorystuvannia Ukrainy [The state of breeding livestock and directions of selection in dairy cattle breeding of Ukraine]. Seriia „Tekhnolohiia vyrobnytstva i pererobky produktsii tvarynnytstva”, 289. pp. 51–62 [in Ukrainian].
8. Pochukalin, A. Ye., Pryima, S. V., Martyniuk, I. S., Ryzun, O. V. (2015). «Dreif» pleminnykh statusiv v aktyvnii chastyni populiatsii skotarstva ta yoho naslidky pry provedenni derzhavnykh atestatsii ["Drift" of tribal statuses in the active part of the cattle breeding population and its consequences when conducting state certifications]. Naukovyi visnyk «Askaniia-Nova», 8. pp. 87–96 [in Ukrainian].
9. Pochukalin, A. Ye., Pryima, S. V., Rizun, O. V. (2021). Tendentsii v aktyvnii chastyni populiatsii molochnoi khudoby: stan ta dynamika [Trends in the active part of the dairy cattle population: state and dynamics]. Naukovyi visnyk «Askaniia- Nova», 14. pp. 324–333. DOI:https://doi.org/10.33694/2617-0787-2021-1-14-324-333 [in Ukrainian].
10. Muzyka, L. I., Bodnar, P. V., Bodnaruk, V. Ye., Zhmur, A. Y., Mykytiuk, V. V. (2022). Produktyvni ta vidtvoriuvalni yakosti tvaryn ukrainskoi chorno-riaboi molochnoi porody u pleminnykh hospodarstvakh zakhidnoho rehionu Ukrainy [Productive and reproductive qualities of animals of the Ukrainian black and spotted dairy breed in breeding farms of the western region of Ukraine]. Naukovyi visnyk LNAVM imeni S.Z. Hzhytskoho, 24. no 97. pp. 203–212. DOI:10.32718/ nvlvet-a9734 [in Ukrainian].
11. Iliashenko, H. D.(2019). Molochne skotarstvo Kirovohradshchyny [Dairy farming of Kirovohrad region]. Rozvedennia i henetyka tvaryn, 57. pp. 60–67 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31073/abg.57.08 [in Ukrainian].
12. Vdovychenko, Yu. V., Iovenko, V. M., Zharuk, L. V., Zharuk, P. H., Yakovchuk, V. S., Dudok, A. R., Dudka, O. I., Fursa, N. M. (2018). Priorytety ta naukovi zdobutky v haluzi tvarynnytstva pivdnia Ukrainy [Priorities and scientific achievements in the field of animal husbandry of southern Ukraine]. Visnyk ahrarnoi nauky, no 11. pp. 100–112 [in Ukrainian].
13. Vdovychenko, Yu. V., Pysarenko, A. V. (2017). Shchodo perspektyv rozvytku haluzi skotarstva pivdennoho rehionu Ukrainy [Regarding the prospects for the development of the livestock industry in the southern region of Ukraine]. Naukovyi visnyk «Askaniia-Nova», 10. pp. 136–147 [in Ukrainian].
14. Tsup, V. I., Yashchuk, T. S., Vasyliv, A. P. (2015). Selektsiina sytuatsiia u pleminnykh hospodarstvakh z rozvedennia velykoi rohatoi khudoby Ternopilskoi oblasti ta shliakhy yii pokrashchennia [Breeding situation in cattle breeding farms of Ternopil region and ways to improve it]. Rozvedennia i henetyka tvaryn, 50. pp. 112–118 [in Ukrainian].
15. Hladii, M. V., Polupan, Yu. P., Bazyshyna, I. V., Pochukalin, A. Ye., Koval, T. P., Bezrutchenko, I. M., Polupan, N. L., Mykhailenko, N. H. (2016). Henezys i perspektyvy chervonoi molochnoi khudoby v Ukraini [Genesis and prospects of red dairy cattle in Ukraine]. Rozvedennia i henetyka tvaryn, 51. pp. 41–59 [in Ukrainian].
16. Vyshnevskyi, L. V., Voitenko, S. L., Sydorenko, O. V. (2019). Hospodarsky korysni oznaky velykoi rohatoi khudoby molochnykh porid v stadakh doslidnykh hospodarstv merezhi Natsionalnoi akademii ahrarnykh nauk Ukrainy [Economically useful traits of dairy cattle in herds of experimental farms of the network of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine]. Rozvedennia i henetyka tvaryn, 57. pp. 29-37 DOI:https://doi.org/10.31073/abg.57.04 [in Ukrainian].
17. Pochukalin, A. Ye. (2022). Stan tvarynnytstva Ukrainy: monitorynh za 2021 rik [The state of livestock breeding in Ukraine: monitoring for 2021]. Rozvedennia i henetyka tvaryn, 64. pp. 69–83. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31073/abg.64.07 [in Ukrainian].
18. Polupan, Yu. P., Basovskyi, D. M., Rieznykova, N. L., Reznikova, Yu. M. (2017). Problema zberezhennia biolohichnoho riznomanittia henetychnykh resursiv silskohospodarskykh tvaryn [The problem of preserving biological diversity of genetic resources of agricultural animals]. Rozvedennia i henetyka tvaryn, 54. pp. 200–208 [in Ukrainian].
19. Ladyka, V. I., Bratushka, R. V., Boiko, Yu. M. (2012). Perspektyvy selektsii burykh porid molochnoi khudoby [Prospects for the selection of brown breeds of dairy cattle]. Rozvedennia i henetyka tvaryn, 46. pp. 13–15 [in Ukrainian].
20. Ladyka, V. I., Pavlenko, Yu. M., Skliarenko, Yu. I. (2022). Osoblyvosti formuvannia hospodarsko-korysnykh oznak u koriv sumskoho vnutrishnoporodnoho typu ukrainskoi chorno-riaboi molochnoi porody riznykh henotypiv za beta-kazeinom [Peculiarities of the formation of economic and beneficial traits in cows of the Sumy inbred type of the Ukrainian blackspotted dairy breed of different genotypes according to beta-casein]. Visnyk Sumskoho natsionalnoho ahrarnoho universytetu. Seriia Tvarynnytstva, 2:49. pp. 20–23. DOI:https://doi.org/10.32845/bsnau.lvst.2022.2.4 [in Ukrainian].
21. Pochukalin, A. Ye., Pryima, S. V., Rizun, O. V. (2021). Parametry osnovnykh oznak produktyvnosti u zavodskykh typakh vitchyznianykh porid khudoby Ukrainy [Parameters of the main characteristics of productivity in factory types of domestic livestock breeds of Ukraine]. Visnyk Sumskoho natsionalnoho ahrarnoho universytetu. Seriia Tvarynnytstvo, 2:45. pp. 127–133 DOI: https://doi.org/10.32845/bsnau.lvst.2021.2.1 [in Ukrainian].
22. Rizun, O. V. (2018). Otsinka zhyvoi masy telyts riznoho pokhodzhennia v stadi TOV «KROK-UkrZalizBud» [Evaluation of the live weight of heifers of different origins in the herd of "KROK-UkrZalizBud" LLC]. Rozvedennia i henetyka tvaryn, 55. pp. 117–123 [in Ukrainian].
23. Pochukalin, A. Ye., Pryima, S. V. (2022). Selektsiine nadbannia molochnoho skotarstva Ukrainy – ukrainska biloholova poroda [The Ukrainian white-headed breed is a breeding asset of dairy cattle breeding in Ukraine]. Rozvedennia i henetyka tvaryn, 64. pp. 179–200. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31073/abg.64.17 [in Ukrainian].
Published
2023-10-31
How to Cite
Pochukalin, A. Y., & Pryima, S. V. (2023). BREEDING LIVESTOCK OF UKRAINE (DAIRY CATTLE). Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. The Series: Livestock, (3), 50-54. https://doi.org/10.32782/bsnau.lvst.2023.3.7
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Articles
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