ДИНАМІКА ЗМІН ЖИВОЇ МАСИ, ВИТРАТ КОРМУ ТА ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ ВИРОЩУВАННЯ ХІРУРГІЧНО Й ІМУНОЛОГІЧНО КАСТРОВАНИХ САМЦІВ СВИНЕЙ
Ключові слова:
самці свиней, хірургічна кастрація, імунокастрація, інтенсивність росту, витрати кормів, собівартість
Анотація
Метою досліджень було встановити залежність інтенсивності росту самців свиней та дослідити економічний ефект від застосування методів хірургічної та імунної кастрації в умовах індустріального свинарського комплексу й оцінити економічну ефективність виробництва свинини за використання різних способів кастрації. Встановлено, що під час підсисного періоду різниця між хірургічно та імунологічно кастрованими самцями свиней в інтенсивності росту склала менше одного відсотка, тоді як в період дорощування вона зросла до 3,8%, а в перший період відгодівлі збільшилась до 6,6%, тоді як в його заключній фазі знизилась до 4,2%. За абсолютними приростами вона становила в підсисний період 0,04 кг, за період дорощування 1,2кг, в перший період відгодівлі 2,5 кг, а в заключній її фазі 2,4 кг. За середньою живою масою на початок і на кінець підсисного періоду різниця була незмінною і склала всього 0,8%, тоді як по завершенню періоду дорощування вона сягнула 4,3%, на кінець першого періоду відгодівлі становила 5,6%, та на кінець останнього йог періоду склала 4,9%. Доведено, що при проведені імунокастрації кнурців порівняно з хірургічною кастрацією за сухого типу годівлі відбулося підвищення середньодобових приростів на дорощуванні на 5,21% та на відгодівлі на 10,11%, абсолютних приростів на дорощуванні на 18,46% й на відгодівлі на 5,30%, зростання живої маси тварин по завершенню відгодівлі на 7,40%, покращення конверсії корму на дорощуванні на 1,48%, на відгодівлі на 4,33% та на 5,04% від народження до забою. Водночас імунокастровані самці свиней спожили за життя більше на 2,54 % кормів, вартість яких була на 5,07% вищою порівняно з хірургічними кастратами, а з врахуванням вартості вакцинації на 8,84%. Тоді як вартість кормів і вакцини в розрахунку на 1 кг приросту виявилась лише на 1,27% вищою у імунокастрованих тварин порівняно з хірургічно кастрованими аналогами.
Посилання
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23. McCauley, I.M., Watt, D., Suster, D., Kerton, J., Oliver, W.T., Harrell, R.J., Dunshea, F.R. (2003). A GnRF vaccine (Improvac) and porcine somatotropin (Reporcin) have synergistic effects upon growth performance in both boars and gilts. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 54, 11–20. https://doi.org/10.1071/AR02037
24. McGlone, J.J. (2013). The Future of Pork Production in the World: Towards Sustainable, Welfare–Positive Systems. Animals (Basel), 3, 401–415. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani3020401
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Опубліковано
2024-10-08
Як цитувати
Жданов, Д. В., & Шпетний, М. Б. (2024). ДИНАМІКА ЗМІН ЖИВОЇ МАСИ, ВИТРАТ КОРМУ ТА ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ ВИРОЩУВАННЯ ХІРУРГІЧНО Й ІМУНОЛОГІЧНО КАСТРОВАНИХ САМЦІВ СВИНЕЙ. Вісник Сумського національного аграрного університету. Серія: Тваринництво, (3), 30-38. https://doi.org/10.32782/bsnau.lvst.2024.3.4
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