ANALYTICAL MODELING OF MOVEMENT OF STRUCTURAL AGGREGATE OF SOIL THROUGH THE WORKING SURFACE OF CHISEL
Abstract
The conditions of movement of the structural aggregate of the soil, which determines the boundary between the two modes of operation of the deep loosener, have been determined. If the speed of soil movement on the surface of the deep loosener at the level of the depth of cultivation is less than zero, then the deep loosener works in the loosening mode. The angle between the tangent to the guide at the origin of the coordinates and the horizontal – the elevation angle α0 is chosen so that plastic deformations do not enter the bottom of the furrow and do not compact it. At the same time, the mathematical model of soil cultivation is made taking into account the following assumptions: the movement of the working body is translational, when all points of the deep loosener have identical speeds and accelerations; the deep loosener moves with some average steady speed, that is, in the first approximation, uniformly; according to experimental studies, the collision of soil masses with the working surface of the deep loosener during processing is inelastic with a negligibly small coefficient of recovery; the left-hand coordinate system associated with the middle of the working blade of the deep loosener, relative to which the movement of the soil is studied and which progressively and uniformly moves together with the machine-tractor unit during the established process of strip cultivation, is considered an inertial reference system with a high degree of accuracy; forces of interaction of a separate structural aggregate of the soil, the movement of which is being studied, with other structural aggregates of the soil of the soil flow are considered balanced in the first approximation, and therefore are not taken into account. The article substantiates that the movement of the structural aggregate of the soil does not depend on the driving forces of the energy means, but turns into independent movement under the action of the force of gravity, the force of the surface reaction, taking into account the friction force of the structural aggregate of the soil on the metal surface, which interfere with free movement. To determine the value of the speed depending on the angle of installation of the blade to the horizon, the well-known equation of equilibrium of the structural aggregate of the soil on the surface of the deep loosener was used. The author compiled a system of nonlinear differential equations of the second order, which reflects the movement of the structural aggregate of the soil along the parabolic cylindrical surface of the deep loosener. Considering that the normal component of the reaction is perpendicular to the Oy axis, it is concluded that all the applied forces are located in the central plane of symmetry of the deep loosener, and therefore the velocity and acceleration vectors of the structural aggregate of the soil are not projected onto the Oy axis.
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