Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. The series: Mechanization and Automation of Production Processes

IMPROVING THE RELIABILITY OF TILLAGE MACHINES OPERATIONAL UNITS

2024-04-26T13:01:44+03:00

Tillage machines rank high in the structure of the machine and tractor fleet of modern agricultural enterprises. Loss of their working condition during field work can significantly affect crop yields. Element that predominantly limits the durability of the tillage machines is the operational unit. Solution of such a problem as increasing the durability and wear resistance of the tillage machines operational units cannot be based on the use of one of the existing methods (technological, structural and operational), but must be based on a systematic approach using the full range of available methods. It is necessary to consider all significant factors that affect the durability and wear resistance of the operational units, in the process of implementation of the system approach. It was found that the application of a wear-resistant coating makes it possible to increase the durability of the tillage machines operational units: for hardened disc operational units, when used on sandy loam soils, the durability increases by 1.28-1.41 times, on loamy soils – by 1.11-1.24 times, and on clay soils – by 1.07-1.18 times; for reinforced center hoes, when used on sandy loam soils, the durability increases by 1.41-1.53 times, on loamy soils – by 1.48 times and on clay soils – by 1.39-1.44 times; for reinforced plowshares, when used on sandy loam soils, the durability increases by 1.82-2.13 times, on loamy soils – by 1.5-1.85 times and on clay soils – by 1.34-1.52 times. Thus, the application of a wear-resistant coating to the tillage machines operational units is more effective on soils with higher wear capacity (sandy loam and sandy loam). Regularities of the influence of soil and climatic conditions, operating modes, and storage methods on the durability and wear resistance of the tillage machines operational units are revealed. A scientifically based system for the operation of the tillage machines operational units was developed on the basis of experimental data and theoretical research. Basic principles of increasing the durability of the tillage machines operational units by an integrated approach to adapting their wear resistance, considering soil and climatic conditions and operating modes, are formulated. This allow increasing the durability of the tillage machines operational units by 1.84-2.51 times, depending on the type of operational units and soil and climatic conditions.

AUTOMATION OF ELECTRIC AUTOCLAVE CONTROL

2024-04-26T13:01:40+03:00

The article analyzes the use of an electric autoclave with the proposed system of automated control of the technological process in the conditions of a small enterprise or a small workshop of a restaurant establishment. An analysis of the implementation of the technological process of sterilization of canned goods in an electric autoclave was carried out on the created automated stand for controlling the electric autoclave under the name "Stand for automatic control and management of technological parameters of thermal equipment". Option of the modes of operation of the programmable logic controller OWEN PR200 with an electric autoclave are considered. The principle of operation of an electric autoclave in an electric circuit diagram with a programmable logic controller is given. The procedure for connecting sensors and their types, which participate in determining the parameters of a given technological process are considered. It was determined that the initial option, which is responsible for the beginning of research, is option №1, and the number of options is 18, which are programmed for specific values of the given technological process in the memory of the programmable logic controller. Methods of controlling the electric autoclave were defined directly through the display of the programmable logic controller or through the installed informative SCADA program on a personal computer. It has been previously established that the SIMP Light ENT SCADA system provides access via a local network or via the Internet to current and archived data of the technological process. It has been investigated that procedure for starting the SIMP Light ENT SCADA program is given the channel editor, checking the channel settings, selecting the desired COM port, starting test channels, the mnemonic editor, and starting the monitor. It has been experimentally proven that the heating of an electric autoclave is started either directly by a programmable logic controller or by a personal computer with a SCADA program. It has been investigated that the electric autoclave is heated during the time specified by the technological process to the specified parameters. It was determined that the parameters set by the technological process correspond to the values of the resistance thermometer and the pressure sensor for the corresponding technological process, to according option is No. 13 − sterilization of canned meat. Voltage fluctuations and non-stationarity of technological parameters within 2% were analyzed, which is associated with typical features of a programmable logic controller regulator, but the indicated indicators are within the norm.

ANALYSIS OF DOCUMENTS OF THE HACCP SYSTEM AT THE CURRENT ENTERPRISE

2024-04-26T13:01:37+03:00

The systemic approach to food safety and the prevention of foodborne diseases during the life cycle of food products is called the HACCP system. Meat and meat products are considered the most sensitive to contamination by pathogenic microbes. Meat is a nutrient medium for the development of microbes. Measures aimed at improving the existing HACCP system in production are considered mandatory and permanent. The purpose of the study: to analyze the documents of the HACCP system, to justify the expediency of the selected CCP. The purpose of the study: to analyze the documents of the HACCP system, to justify the expediency of the selected CCP. Materials and methods. To achieve the goal, the method of review and analysis of evidence from a number of sources and studies was chosen. The material is documents of the Food Safety System (HASSR). Presentation of the main research results. During the implementation of the security system at Lubnymyaso LLC, IT-Enterprise established 12 critical control points. One of the CCP is the dosage of spices. In order to substantiate the expediency of this CCP, an analysis of security system documents was conducted. One of the mandatory documents of the HACCP system is the description of raw materials, packaging materials and ingredients. Requirements for the description of raw materials apply to the entire food chain. For analysis, we choose granulated garlic. Analyzing the table, it is possible to state that if the requirements prescribed in the description of the raw material are met, starting from the input control to the dosing stage of granulated garlic, the ingredient remains safe. Due to the fact that the effectiveness of the security system is estimated through traceability, we analyzed the production technology of frozen hamburger beef patties. Taking into account the analysis of documents of the NAASR system, its introduction and implementation in production, as well as taking into account positive practices, we believe that the selected CCP is not justified. Conclusions. Thus, the studied CCP should be considered a control point. In our opinion, the measures implemented in the production of frozen beef hamburger patty make it possible to obtain a safe product, taking into account the fact that the product will undergo heat treatment before use.

EFFICIENT AND ENVIRONMENTALLY CLEAN HEAT PUMP SYSTEM OF HEATING AND HOT WATER SUPPLY FOR AGRICULTURAL BUSINESSES

2024-04-26T13:01:33+03:00

Currently, the changes taking place in the agricultural production of Ukraine require the creation and development of new heat pump technologies that are used for heat supply of agricultural enterprises. This work examines the problem of using a water heat pump (HT), which works on regenerative energy sources and uses low-potential heat of water from rivers, lakes, and groundwater for heat supply to rural enterprises. The purpose of the work is to evaluate the effectiveness of the application of the vapor compression cycle of water TN at agricultural production enterprises from a thermodynamic point of view. The thermodynamic characteristics and peculiarities of operation of water-to-water TN for agricultural enterprises were analyzed and the factors affecting their energy efficiency were evaluated. The effect of water temperature on the heat productivity of such a TN is also shown and analyzed. To increase the efficiency of the heat supply system of an agricultural enterprise, a scheme of a heat pump system for the selection of low-potential heat with the use of a «water-water» heating system is proposed. The conducted studies indicated the sufficient efficiency of the use of water heaters due to water as a low-potential source and their advantage over other heat-generating equipment. Water heaters consume energy from lowpotential sources, while reducing heat supply costs by more than half. From the point of view of economy, it is advantageous to use ″water-water″ TN for the disposal of low-potential heat flows. At the current level, analyzing the thermodynamic efficiency of heat supply systems using heat pumps in agriculture, it can be concluded that in modern economic conditions it is necessary to develop heat supply systems using steam-compression water heaters, and this, in turn, significantly increases the characteristics of heat supply equipment, which is used in agricultural enterprises.

RESEARCH OF THE ORGANIZATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF MECHANIZED TECHNOLOGICAL OPERATIONS IN PLANT PRODUCTION

2024-04-26T13:01:29+03:00

The modern agricultural sector has a great influence on the dynamics of the country's economic development. Against the background of a full-scale war in Ukraine, there is a significant decrease in cultivated areas. On those lands that are cultivated, it is necessary to ensure the maximum possible increase in production productivity by improving the quality of technological operations, optimizing the movement modes of machine units while providing mechanized agricultural technologies, and reducing the costs of the production process. Therefore, such an indicator as productivity and ways to increase it are not just the number one task facing farmers, but a national priority. The article raises the issue of the need to increase the efficiency of agricultural production in wartime conditions. The need to introduce innovations is emphasized – stimulation of research and development of new technologies and materials for the production and operation of machinery for agricultural production. For example, such technologies as "GIS technologies". One of the methods of effective productivity management is considered – "precision farming". The analysis of the latest researches and publications shows that in the modern conditions of the development of market relations, the efficiency of machine units is of great importance. Achieving high efficiency of machinery in agriculture allows to increase productivity, reduce costs and increase the competitiveness of agricultural production. The scientific community determined that the productivity of the MA depends on many indicators that are related to each other, namely: speed of movement, width of grip, nominal power of the engine, traction force of the vehicle, method of turning, ratio of working moves, effective use of working time, etc. The study of the application of the tractor operator's shift time and the rational use of the tractor unit was considered in more detail in the article. Experiments were carried out using the method of time-lapse observation of the following technological operations: harvesting plant residues (using the mulching method), harvesting (corn), classical plowing. The following data are provided: the duration of each element of the technological operation; constructive and actual width of capture; fuel consumption for the investigated period of time, compared to the indicators of the common center of the energy vehicle; the duration of each element of working time and the duration of all operations together for the studied time period. Earnings (duration or volume of work) are determined by the calculation method: – the performance of the machine unit is determined – variable (using the navigation system of the machine unit) and actual (based on the collected data obtained after the timing); – productive and non-productive time costs are determined and the net work of the machine-tractor unit is determined using the shift time utilization factor. Calculated and analyzed the coefficient of use of the shift time and the productivity of the MA for the studied period of use, in order to evaluate the efficiency of the operation of the MA on the studied farms.

CHARACTERISTIC FIELDS OF COUNTER-ROTATING HYDROTURBINE STAGES

2024-04-26T13:01:26+03:00

The research investigated two counter-rotating stages with different blade grids of pump impellers. Using the ANSYS CFX software package, the fields of pressure-energy characteristics of stages with and without partial blade trimming were determined. In accordance with modeling practice recommendations for energy characteristics of pump equipment, a 5 % discrepancy between physical and numerical modeling was accepted in this software package. The study explored two types of stages in terms of structural configuration: the first being a narrow-blade stage, and the second being a wide-blade stage. The first stage of the research involved determining the operating points of the two investigated counter-rotating stages and constructing pressure-energy characteristics. These characteristics comprised variations in head, power, and efficiency coefficient concerning the flow rates of the pump equipment. The second stage of the research involved determining the pressure-energy characteristics and the operating zones of the counter-rotating stages, where the impeller was trimmed by 15 %. This allowed forecasting the potential decrease in stage head characteristics, obtaining additional characteristics of trimmed stages, and enabling the modeling of the corresponding pump equipment operation across a wider range of stage head characteristics. Based on the results of this study, operating points were obtained for constructing energy characteristics, allowing for the operation of stages with different geometric characteristics (up to 15 % impeller trimming). A characteristic field was created within which the stage head could be adjusted by trimming. The first stage performed reasonably well at lower flow rates, unlike the second stage, which exhibited inferior performance both in terms of head and energy efficiency. It was established that not all counter-rotating stages can be adjusted through impeller trimming. This is primarily because it significantly affects the pressure-energy characteristics of the respective pump equipment compared to conventional equipment. In this work, the characteristic values of counter-rotating stages were computed without considering the discharge device, which can significantly influence the energy characteristics of the equipment. Therefore, in further research, based on the designed stages, a spiral discharge will be created, and comprehensive studies of counter-rotating stages with discharge will be conducted to compare the obtained energy characteristics of corresponding equipment variants.

STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE RELIABILITY COEFFICIENT OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY ON THE DIRECT OPERATING COSTS OF AN AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISE

2024-04-26T13:01:22+03:00

In this scientific work authors conduct a study of the influence of the reliability coefficient of agricultural machinery on the direct operating costs for processing a unit of field area with a machine unit from the fleet of an agricultural enterprise. In the process of research, various factors affecting the total cost of field work are considered, in particular, attention is focused on such expenditure items as fuel expenses, drivers' wages, fuel and lubricants, depreciation of fixed assets, maintenance and repairs. Also, special attention is paid in the work to the influence of the reliability of the agricultural machine on the productivity of the machine unit, because this indicator significantly affects almost all other technical and economic parameters. The study confirms that the more reliable the agricultural machine, the higher its productivity. This is because there are fewer breakdowns and, as a result, less repairs and maintenance, resulting in longer uptime and significantly lower direct operating costs. Five machine units were studied, each of which contains the same power tool – a John Deere 7820 tractor and 5 models of different six-body modern plows of foreign production. As a result of research, we came to the conclusion that the overall impact of the reliability of agricultural machinery on the operating costs of an agricultural enterprise is difficult to overestimate, the increase in the cost of cultivation when the coefficient of reliability of agricultural machinery falls from 0.98 (new system) to 0.7 (worn system) in the conditions of our study is 45.2–71.3%. The average value for the 5 studied MUs was 63.24%. The most moderate and, on the contrary, the most rapid increase in the cost of processing within the framework of the study was observed in machine units with plows Vari Diamant 9 Lemken and Maschio UNICO L Plow, respectively. This is explained, first of all, by the book value and, as a result, the price of repair and purchase of new parts for these agricultural machines. Of the five models presented, it is the Vari Diamant 9 Lemken and the Maschio UNICO L Plow that have the lowest and highest book values at $14,000 and $33,270, respectively. It was also established that a decrease in the reliability coefficient of agricultural machinery by 0.12 units, other things being equal, will give excellent financial results relative to the increase in cost at different levels of initial system reliability: +27.7% of the cost when the coefficient is reduced from 0.98 to 0.86, and +22.6% when from 0.82 to 0.7. That is, there is a more dynamic increase in the cost of agricultural work as a result of a drop in the reliability coefficient of agricultural machinery in a system that is in better technical condition. As can be understood from the results of this study, the economic efficiency of an agricultural enterprise depends to a large extent on the reliability of its equipment and means of production, in particular, agricultural machines as part of machine units. A low level of reliability of an agricultural machine, caused, for example, by a high level of wear or improper maintenance, can lead to an emergency shutdown of the entire machine unit, which leads to unforeseen delays in the performance of agricultural work and significant financial and, sometimes even, reputational losses for the enterprise.

THE METHOD OF INCREASE THE YIELD OF WINTER WHEAT USING ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION

2024-04-26T13:01:18+03:00

The article presents the results of the analysis of data obtained in laboratory conditions of exposure to electromagnetic radiation in the red and blue ranges, as well as their simultaneous exposure, with different exposure times. One of the most common varieties of winter wheat in the Eastern region was taken for research. The control "group" was the seed that was not subjected to any treatment. The obtained data, namely the energy of germination, laboratory germination and the length of roots and seedlings, allowed to conclude that the most significant effect on the energy of germination and laboratory germination had a variant of the combined action of both red and blue bands during 30 minutes. This approach to seed irradiation in the laboratory showed properties to increase the biopotential of seed material. Thus, it is the activation of a group of different photoreceptors, and phytochromes and cryptochromes, that is most effective. Treatment for 10 minutes had almost no effect at all wavelengths. This may be due to the fact that the effect of EMF has a prolonged effect and may manifest itself later. Germination energy and germination are studied at the initial (first week) stage of growth. The detected effect for winter wheat is explained, firstly, by the size of the seeds, secondly, the detected fact can be explained by the features of biochemical processes, in particular, their speed, which requires further study. Overall, the increase in laboratory similarity in seed germination energy ranged from 1 to 9%, which is insignificant in laboratory conditions, but can have a significant effect in field research conditions, taking into account weather conditions and other growing factors. No regularity of changes in the indicators of the length of roots and sprouts was found in all variants of the experiment, which may indicate the insensitivity of this indicator to EMV treatment.

THE ROLE OF MODERN TECHNOLOGIES IN ENSURING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN AGRICULTURE THROUGH OPTIMIZATION OF SOWING PROCESSES

2024-04-26T13:01:14+03:00

The article considered the features of the implementation of innovative technologies in the activities of agricultural enterprises, determined the role of these technologies in the process of optimizing sowing. General scientific methods were used to research this issue, namely, analysis of sources, synthesis of received information, comparison of different approaches and methods, and generalization. The article outlined the main types of modern technologies used in agriculture. Blockchain technologies, new production technologies, wireless communication technologies, robotics and big data were attributed to them. It was determined that the use of robotics in agriculture allows for more efficient performance of routine tasks and optimization of the sowing process. Examples of robotics and technologies based on artificial intelligence, which are used in Ukraine, are given. The effectiveness of the use of systems of automated control and management of the sowing process was analyzed. It was determined that the use of such systems for quality control of the technological process of sowing contributes to maximum optimization, ensuring the appropriate quality of sowing, shortening of deadlines and effective use of material and financial resources, as well as reducing the manual work of personnel. It is noted that an important aspect in the automation of sowing is also the use of autopilots on agricultural machinery. The system of precision agriculture is characterized as one of the most promising technological innovations in the agricultural sector. The agrarians of the country actively use precision agriculture due to its ability to promote uniform growth and ripening of plants, to increase yields. Attention is focused on some problematic issues of the introduction of modern technologies in Ukraine. The main ones are related to the low level of attracting investments in the latest technologies, the insufficient level of material and technical support of agricultural enterprises, the low level of awareness of farmers regarding the effectiveness of the latest technologies, and the uneven distribution of stable Internet connections. In the process of automation, digitization of agriculture and the formation of food value, it is necessary to take into account these problematic issues. The system of measures to activate the innovative activity of agricultural enterprises should include the search for ways to stimulate development, assistance and comprehensive support of the state. Thus, the integration of innovative technologies in agriculture is a key factor for ensuring sustainable development and high competitiveness of the agricultural sector in today's realities.

ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY OF PROCESSING DERIVATIVES OF MULBERRY FRUITS

2024-04-26T13:01:12+03:00

Mulberry contains components with high added value such as anthocyanins, phenols, flavonoids and other biologically active compounds that can be used as functional ingredients. However, it is important to ensure such a method of its processing that will preserve the biological value of the processing derivatives and products made on their basis. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the quality of mulberry processing derivatives obtained during osmotic dehydration of fruits, with the aim of their further use in the production of beverages. The fruits of wild Morus nigra were washed and mixed with a 70% sucrose solution (hydromodule 1), preheated to 65±5°C. For 1 hour, osmotic dehydration of fruits was carried out in a laboratory setup for osmotic dehydration at a temperature of 50±5 °C. Next, the osmotic solution was separated from the partially dehydrated fruits and analyzed. The organoleptic, physicochemical and antioxidant indicators of the solution were determined according to generally accepted standard methods. According to organoleptic parameters, the solution resembled the raw material. The organoleptic, physicochemical and antioxidant indicators of the solution were determined according to generally accepted standard methods. According to organoleptic parameters, the solution resembled the raw material. The rich dark purple color testified to the active transition of coloring substances, in particular anthocyanins and flavonoids. The study showed that 42,60 ± 0,25mg/100g of anthocyanins pass into the osmotic solution. As a result of osmotic dehydration, the mass fraction of dry substances in the osmotic solution decreases by 13,2%, and the mass fraction of sucrose – by 18,5%. The osmotic solution had moderate active acidity pH=5.9, at which the color of dyes remains stable. The proposed method of processing and application of mulberry derivative products will allow wine producers to improve its antioxidant potential, which is very important for potential consumers.

IMPROVEMENT OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS OF POTATO HARVESTING IN THE CONDITIONS OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES OF SMALL FORMS OF MANAGEMENT

2024-04-26T13:01:09+03:00

The harvesting of potatoes poses a substantial challenge for agricultural enterprises, particularly those of smaller scale, as it accounts for a significant portion of labour costs, constituting approximately 60% in such settings. This process also entails considerable energy expenditures. Mechanized harvesting, while efficient, contributes to a noteworthy percentage of damage to potato tubers. Studies reveal that approximately 20% of the gross tuber collection is subjected to injury during mechanized harvesting, subsequently leading to losses in storage. Another source of losses during mechanized harvesting stems from tubers that remain unexcavated and fail to surface. Depending on various factors, the percentage of tuber losses can fluctuate between 5% and 16%. Based on statistics spanning the last three years, it is evident that small-scale agricultural enterprises typically cultivate potato crops within a range of one to ten hectares. Consequently, the application of combine technology for potato harvesting within these enterprises is deemed impractical, both from a technical and economic standpoint. The unsuitability of combine technology stems not only due to the absence of tractors equipped with the required traction class for integrating with potato harvesters, but also because many of these farms commonly rely on tillers of various capacities instead of tractors. Consequently, it is customary for such agricultural enterprises to employ potato diggers as the preferred method for harvesting potato tubers. This article scrutinizes the technical aspects of potato tuber harvesting in small-scale agricultural enterprises, focusing on their distribution within the technological process. Theoretical investigations have been conducted to determine the optimal diameter of disk knives. Additionally, studies explored the impact of the disk knives' axis location relative to the toe of the ploughshare on the qualitative aspects of the potato digger's performance. The research identified the rational departure of the disk knives' axis in relation to the ploughshare toe. Furthermore, the depth of travel of the disk knives was examined to ascertain its influence on the unit's quality indicators, resulting in the determination of the optimal depth. The article concludes by quantifying the reduction in potato tuber losses achieved through the utilization of a potato digger equipped with the proposed disk knives and their specified parameters.

A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO THE SELECTION OF TECHNOLOGIES FOR CONTROLLING THE QUALITY PARAMETERS OF THE SURFACE LAYERS OF MACHINE PARTS WORKING IN CONDITIONS OF HYDROABRASIVE WEAR

2024-04-26T13:01:06+03:00

In the actual work, attention is paid to the fact that the wear resistance of parts is affected by their working conditions and material parameters, such as hardness and microstructure, as well as the quality parameters of their surface layers, which can be controlled thanks to the existing range of technological methods. The effective life of the equipment depends on the bearing capacity of the surface layer of the parts, which is determined by its quality. It has been proven that the works that connect the parameters of the main material of the part and the quality parameters of their surface layers with resistance to wear are relevant and timely. The purpose of the work is to increase the reliability and durability of machine parts operating under hydroabrasive wear conditions by developing a systematic approach to the selection of technologies for controlling the quality parameters of the surface layers of their parts. The methodology of targeted selection of technology for improving the quality of surface layers of products covers its entire life cycle, which includes: the material of the product and its elements, the technology of manufacturing the product and its elements, the technology of repair and restoration of operability, etc. All of them are considered through the special methods of directed selection mentioned above. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the influence of the chosen methods on each other, which will ultimately affect the quality of the product. The very method of system analysis can be traced in this interpretation. On the basis of theoretical research, the authors improved the interdependence of the information sphere, which consists of scientific and technical preparation of production: design, technological, organizational and scientific research work, and the material sphere, which includes: production, operation, repair and disposal. A system of targeted selection of an environmentally safe technology for managing the quality parameters of the surface layers of parts of machines operating in conditions of hydroabrasive wear has also been developed. It is noted that when it is necessary to solve optimization tasks related to the choice of an environmentally safe technology for managing the quality parameters of the surface layers of machine parts operating in conditions of hydroabrasive wear, the role of the information sphere, which consists of the results of knowledge expressed in laws, theories, is significantly increasing, scientific hypotheses. Thanks to the information sphere, such forms and means as an idea, problem, hypothesis, concept, law, theory are created and acquire relative independence.

IMPROVEMENT OF LEGUME DISHES FOR SCHOOL MEALS AND PROSPECTS FOR THEIR INTRODUCTION INTO SCHOOL MENUS

2024-04-26T13:01:01+03:00

Studies of the organization of school meals in Ukraine revealed a number of significant problems that became the basis for the global reform of the school meal system in 2020. Today, the improvement of the school nutrition system in Ukraine is aimed at fostering culture and correct eating habits, strengthening health, harmonious physiological development of the child and is carried out in accordance with the National Strategy for the development of a safe and healthy educational environment in the New Ukrainian School. This becomes possible thanks to an integrated approach in this area, which takes into account medical, legal, social, financial and technological aspects. However, the gradual implementation of the reform showed that dissatisfaction with school meals of children and their parents still exists. This especially applies to the group of dishes from legumes, which, on the one hand, are an important component of the diet due to their high nutritional and biological value and must be included once a week in the school menu, and on the other hand, are the least popular among schoolchildren. According to our observations, the problem of refusal of schoolchildren to consume dishes made from legumes and the related loss of finished products up to 92% in the form of food waste is of a systemic nature. Indirectly, this is confirmed by the discovered facts of the exclusion of legume dishes from the menus of various schools. According to the conducted anonymous voluntary surveys of students of all age groups, we found a tendency to decrease the desire to consume legume dishes from the new four-week menu with a decrease in the age of the children, as well as the regularity of their sharply negative reaction to these dishes due to the pronounced specific smell and taste of the main raw materials. Based on this, we have proposed new approaches in the preparation of dishes from legumes. They included the creation of culinary products with raw materials, organoleptic indicators, appearance, presentation, and brand name that would not have associations with legumes. The result of research and practice were two improved dishes – "Magic Falafel" and "Banana Fireworks", which received the highest rating during the tasting by schoolchildren. The first was falafel made from boiled chickpeas with the use of a wide range of spices and herbs, and the second was fritters made from beans with the addition of banana and dried apricots. A project of technological cards and a HACCP plan for introducing new dishes into the school menu were developed for the new dishes. Calculations of the expected economic effect proved that the introduction of improved meals will allow more effective use of state funding due to a reduction of losses by 75% per year from one school (on the example of KU SSSH I-III degrees №29, Sumy). At the same time, reducing the number of uneaten meals in the form of food waste by 3,390 kg per year will contribute to reducing the negative impact on the environment.