Improvement of milk quality for micro-climate formation on cattle farms

O. Shkromada; A. Palii; A. Palii; O. Skliar; Yu. Dudchenko; T. Necherya

doi:10.32845/bsnau.vet.2019.4.7

O. Shkromada Sumy National Agrarian University https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1751-7009
A. Palii Kharkiv Petro Vasylenko National Technical University of Agriculture https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9525-3462
A. Palii National Scientific Center «Institute of Experimental and Clinical Veterinary Medicine» https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9193-3548
O. Skliar Sumy National Agrarian University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0111-1277
Yu. Dudchenko Sumy National Agrarian University https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9243-8621
T. Necherya Sumy National Agrarian University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4972-7935

DOI: https://doi.org/10.32845/bsnau.vet.2019.4.7

Keywords: ventilation, microflora, livestock premises, hygienic parameters, milk quality.

Abstract

In this work, microclimate studies were conducted in cattle rooms and the impact on milk quality. A comparative analysis of the use of natural and forced ventilation in rooms and the formation of microclimate. The normative values of sanitary and hygienic parameters for livestock farms are presented in the paper. The microorganisms isolated from the change of cows and milk are identical to the microflora circulating indoors. Weaknesses in the design of livestock premises were also investigated. Disturbances in building structures affect the welfare of animals. It has been proven that the use of state-of-the-art forced-air ventilation systems on livestock farms reduces indoor moisture and gas levels.

Diseases and deaths of animals can be caused by violations of sanitary and hygiene standards and feeding and watering of animals. Failure to comply with the disinfection rules increases the microbial contamination of the air.

Lack of adequate ventilation in the premises causes the accumulation of dangerous gases (ammonia and hydrogen sulfide), moisture and micro-organisms in buildings. All these factors can cause respiratory, digestive and mastitis diseases in cows. In sick animals, the increase in live weight and milk productivity is reduced. Treatment of animals is very expensive because antibiotics are used. Antimicrobial drugs affect the quality of products. Prevention of morbidity in farms is directly related to compliance with zoo-hygiene standards.

In livestock houses, animals spend most of their lives. The premises protect animals from adverse weather conditions. An important indicator of hygiene requirements for the building is the microclimate. The microclimate includes: ventilation, temperature, gas, light and microbial contamination. All indicators must be in accordance with normal animal-friendly levels.

Farms under the Animal Protection Act are required to provide them with proper care and appropriate living conditions. The microclimate of the room is formed by many physical factors. Animals overcrowding have negative effects on indoor pollution. Poor ventilation affects the health and weight gain of animals. Accumulation of gases, moisture and microorganisms indoors can cause respiratory and digestive diseases in animals.

Within 60% were pathogenic staphylococci (S. aureus) as a result of monitoring the etiology of subclinical mastitis. Has made agalactic streptococcus (Str. Agalactiae) 25% of cases. Associated microflora accounted for 5% of cases.

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