GENETIC POTENTIAL OF HOLSTEIN BULLS CARRYING THE RED FACTOR IN TERMS OF BREEDING VALUE
Keywords:
sire bulls, colour, breeding indices, breeding value, embryo transplants, beta-casein gene, lines
Abstract
The Holstein dairy cattle breed is unparalleled in terms of the range of breeding traits, with milk production and type being the primary ones. Consequently, its utilisation for purebred breeding and involvement in domestic breeding programmes remains a pertinent method of enhancing economically useful traits. In terms of colour, the animals can be classified as black and spotted, as well as red and spotted. The genetic material of the breed is presented in the Catalogue of Dairy and Beef Bulls, which provides information on the reproduction of breeding stock. Holstein bulls account for 74.5% of the total. The objective of this study was to analyse the sire bulls of the red and spotted colour according to a set of pre-established indicators, as well as to evaluate them based on the offspring they have produced and their geographical origin. The study encompassed data on 160 bulls exhibiting the RED factor. The characteristics of the bulls are classified according to the results of the evaluation, namely by type and productivity of offspring (n=54 heads or 34%), genomic (n=78 heads or 49%), productivity of offspring (n=21 or 13%) and origin (n=7 heads or 4%). The bulls originated from 11 countries, with the largest number of them originating from the USA (30%), the Netherlands (22%), Germany (19%), Canada (19%), Ukraine (7%), and so on. The genealogical structure of the sample under study is represented by 16 lines, with the majority of animals belonging to the sires of Chief 1427381 (74 heads), Eleveishna 1491007 (46 heads), and Cavalier 1620273 (8 heads). A total of 68% of the bulls were obtained by embryo transfer, while 18% underwent testing for the beta-casein gene. The mating campaign involved the utilisation of 558.9 thousand doses of semen, with 90% of the bulls undergoing evaluation for progeny. It was observed that the highest mean sire evaluation by breeding index (SI+1256) and breeding value by milk yield (+929 kg) were animals evaluated by genomic means. The values of these indices in bulls evaluated by type and progeny productivity (86,917 daughters in 24,001 herds) and evaluated by progeny (5,683 daughters in 410 herds) are, respectively, SI+694 and +650 kg and SI+245 and +441 kg. It can be reasonably deduced that the probable breeding value of the daughters of bulls evaluated by progeny is +801 kg. Subsequent research will be conducted to evaluate bulls with disparate genealogical backgrounds and genotypes for the beta-casein gene.
References
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Visnyk Sumskoho natsionalnoho ahrarnoho universytetu. Seriia «Tvarynnytstvo». Sumy, no. 4 (55). pp. 59–71. DOI https://doi.org/10.32782/bsnau.lvst.2023.4.7 [in Ukrainian].
4. Konovalov, V. S., Biriukova, O. D., Burkat, V. P. (2003). Nasychenist rodovodiv vydatnykh chorno-riabykh holshtynskykh buhaiv henom chervonoi masti «red» [Saturation of pedigrees of outstanding black and spotted Holstein bulls with the "red" gene]. Visnyk ahrarnoi nauky. no. 9. рр. 42–45. [in Ukrainian].
5. Konovalov,ºV.ºS., Tiutyn,ºL.ºM., Korol,ºT.ºA., Bilyi,ºIu.ºA. (2000). Chastota zustrichaiemosti hena «red» v henofondi holshtynskykh buhaiv-plidnykiv, shcho vykorystovuiutsia dlia polipshennia ukrainskykh porid velykoi rohatoi khudoby [The frequency of occurrence of the "red" gene in the gene pool of Holstein breeding bulls used to improve Ukrainian cattle breeds]. Cherkaskyi instytut ahropromyslovoho vyrobnytstva. no. 2. рр.º62–63. [in Ukrainian].
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15. Ladyka, V. I., Skliarenko, Yu. I., Pavlenko, Yu. M. (2022). Formuvannia hospodarsko-korysnykh oznak u koriv ukrainskoi buroi molochnoi porody riznykh henotypiv za kapa-kazeinom [The formation of economic and useful traits in cows of the Ukrainian brown dairy breed of different genotypes according to kappa-casein]. Rozvedennia i henetyka tvaryn. Kyiv. no. 63. рр. 161–168. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31073/abg.63.15 [in Ukrainian].
16. Ladyka, V. I., Skliarenko, Yu. I., Pavlenko, Yu. M., Malikova, A. I. (2020). Porivnialna otsinka molochnoi produktyvnosti koriv ukrainskoi buroi molochnoi porody riznykh henotypiv za β-kazeinom [Comparative assessment of milk productivity of Ukrainian brown dairy cows of different genotypes according to β-casein]. Visnyk Sumskoho natsionalnoho ahrarnoho universytetu. Seriia «Tvarynnytstvo». Sumy, no. 3(42). рр. 3–7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32845/bsnau.lvst.2020.3.1 [in Ukrainian].
17. Ladyka, V. I., Skliarenko, Yu. I., Pavlenko, Yu. M., Malikova, V. I. (2021). Osoblyvosti formuvannia henealohichnoi struktury ukrainskoi chorno-riaboi molochnoi porody v Sumskomu rehioni ta doslidzhennia yii vplyvu na henotyp koriv za β-kazeinom [Peculiarities of the formation of the genealogical structure of the Ukrainian black and spotted dairy breed in the Sumy region and the study of its influence on the genotype of cows according to β-casein]. Visnyk Sumskoho natsionalnoho ahrarnoho universytetu. Seriia «Tvarynnytstvo». Sumy, no. 1(44) рр. 3–10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32845/bsnau.lvst.2021.1.1 [in Ukrainian].
18. Melnyk, Yu. F., Naidenko, K. A. (2009). Henealohichnyi analiz buhaiv holshtynskoi porody v Ukraini [Genealogical analysis of Holstein bulls in Ukraine]. Kataloh henealohichnykh skhem linii buhaiv holshtynskoi porody v Ukraini. Kyiv. рр. 10–26. [in Ukrainian].
19. Naidenko, K. A. (2009). Henealohichna odnoridnist buhaiv holshtynskoi porody v Ukraini [Genealogical homogeneity of Holstein bulls in Ukraine]. Naukovyi visnyk Natsionalnoho universytetu bioresursiv i pryrodokorystuvannia Ukrainy. no. 139. рр. 170–174. [in Ukrainian].
20. Pavlenko, O. K. (2008). Holshtynska poroda u tablytsiakh i skhemakh. ХХ stolittia [Holstein breed in tables and diagrams. 20th century]. Kyiv. 88. [in Ukrainian].
21. Pochukalin, A. Ye. (2023). Henealohichna struktura aktyvnoi chastyny populiatsii ukrainskoi chorno-riaboi molochnoi porody [Genealogical structure of the active part of the population of the Ukrainian black and spotted dairy breed]. Rozvedennia i henetyka tvaryn. no. 66. рр. 108–120. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31073/abg.66.11 [in Ukrainian].
22. Pochukalin, A. Ye., Pryima, S. V. (2021). Classification of the Ukrainian population of the Holstein breed of cattle by lines. Rozvedennia i henetyka tvaryn. Kyiv. no. 62. рр. 87–94. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31073/abg.62.12
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Published
2024-12-30
How to Cite
Pochukalin, A. Y. (2024). GENETIC POTENTIAL OF HOLSTEIN BULLS CARRYING THE RED FACTOR IN TERMS OF BREEDING VALUE. Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. The Series: Livestock, (4), 35-40. https://doi.org/10.32782/bsnau.lvst.2024.4.5
Section
Articles
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