CORRELATIVE VARIABILITY OF THE MEASUREMENTS OF COWS’ BODY STRUCTURE OF UKRAINIAN RED-AND-WHITE DAIRY BREED WITH THE MILK YIELD AMOUNT IN DYNAMICS OF LACTATION
Keywords:
Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy, body structure, measurement, correlation, lactation
Abstract
Studies on the correlative variability of body structure measurements of cows of Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy breed with amount of milk yield in the dynamics of lactation were conducted in the breeding farms of Chernihiv region breeding breeder of the LLC «Mena-Avangard» of Menskoho and breeding farm of the PSP «Piskivske» in Bakhmatskyi districts. The study of relationship between measurements of the body structure parts and the amount of yield for estimated lactation in the controlled herds showed their significant variability and reliability depending on the herd, age of evaluation and measurement of individual body part. The highest correlation coefficients were found in the first-born cows of the «Piskivske» breeding farm between milk yield and height measurements at the withers and rump (r=0.362 and 0.344), width in hip bones and hip joint (r=0.374 and 0.369) and chest girth behind shoulder blades (r =0.375). Low and negative correlations in first-born cows were between milk yield and chest width behind shoulder blades (r=-0.105) and wrist girth (r=-0.028). At the age of second and third lactation, the level of these indicators changed and was, respectively (r=-0.055 and 0.077) and (r=-0.055 and -0.068). The highest level of phenotypic correlations between body structure measurements of the first-born cows in the LLC «Mena-Avangard» breeding reproducer and milk yield amount in the age dynamics was obtained by height and width measurements: wither height (r=0.345), rump height (r=0.335), width in hip bones (r=0.364), hip joints (r=0.358) and ischial humps (r=0.355). The negative correlation found in experimental herds at the age of first lactation (r=-0.105 and -0.087) and a low positive correlation in older lactations (r=+0.044-0.079) between chest depth and milk yield indicates that milk-type cows have more deep and narrow chests. The established reliable positive correlations between the majority measurements of body parts of the conformation and amount of milk yield indicate that the selection of cows based on these traits will ensure the effectiveness of breeding both in terms of conformation and milk productivity.
References
1. Alphonsus, C., Akpa, G. N., Oni, O. O., Rekwot, P. I., Barje, P. P., & Yashim, S. M. (2010). Relationship of Linear Conformation Traits with Bodyweight, Body Condition Score and Milk yield in Friesian × Bunaji Cows, Journal of Applied Animal Research. Vol. 38:1, pp. 97-100. DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2010.9707164
2. Bohlouli, M., Alijani, S., & Varposhti, M. R. (2015). Genetic relationships amonG linear type traits and milk production traits of Holstein dairy cattle. Ann. Anim. Sci. Vol. 15, No. 4, pp. 903–917. DOI: 10.1515/aoas-2015-0053
3. Burkat, V. P., Polupan, Iu. P. & Yovenko I. V. (2004). Liniina otsinka koriv za typom [Linear estimation of cows by type]. Kyiv: Agrarian science, pp. 88 (in Ukrainian).
4. Fedorovych, E. I., Fedorovych, V. V., Bodnar, P. V., Fil, S. I., Dymchuk, A. V., & Orikhivskyi T. V. (2021). Spivvidnosna minlyvist fenotypovykh oznak ta pokaznykiv molochnoi produktyvnosti koriv [Correlative variability of phenotypic traits and indicators of cows’ milk productivity]. Scientific Bulletin of S.Z. Gzhitskyi LNUVMB. Series: Agricultural Sciences. Vol. 23, No. 95, pp. 101-107 (in Ukrainian).
5. Hladii, M. V., Bashchenko, M. I., Polupan Yu. P. Kovalenko, G. S., Chernyak, N. G., & Pryima, S. V. (2018). Selektsiyni, henetychni ta biotekhnolohichni metody udoskonalennya i zberezhennya henofondu porid silskohospodarskykh tvaryn (Monohrafiya). [Selection, genetic and biotechnological methods to improve and preserve the gene pool breeds of farm animals (Monograph)]. Edited by M. V. Hladii, Yu. P. Polupan. IRHT M.V. Zubtsya, NAAS. Poltava: Firma «Tekhservis», pp. 253-268 (in Ukrainian).
6. Karateeva, O. I. (2012). Rozvytok liniinykh promiriv khudoby riznykh porid molochnoho napriamu produktyvnosti [Development of livestock linear measurements of different breeds of milk productivity]. Taurian Scientific Bulletin, No. 78(2), pp. 72-76 (in Ukrainian).
7. Karpenko, B. M. (2023). Osoblyvosti formuvannia eksterieru chorno-riaboi molochnoi khudoby riznykh porid: dys. … d-ra filosofii: 204-TVPPT [Peculiarities in the formation of the conformation of Black-and-White dairy cattle of different breeds: thesis. ... Doctor of Philosophy: 204-TVPPT]. Sumy National Agrarian University, p. 240 (in Ukrainian).
8. Khmelnychyi, L. M. (2007). Bazhanyi eksteriernyi typ koriv molochnoi khudoby [Desired conformation type of dairy cows]. Animal Breeding and Genetics. Interdepartmental thematic scientific collection. Kyiv: Agrarian science, Issue 41, pp. 261–269 (in Ukrainian).
9. Khmelnychyi, L. M. (2007). Otsinka eksterieru tvaryn v systemi selektsii molochnoi khudoby: Monohrafiia [Evaluation of the animals’ conformation in the system of dairy cattle selection: Monograph]. Sumy: VVP «Mriya-1» LLC, p. 260 (in Ukrainian).
10. Khmelnychyi, L. M. (2014). Praktykum z selektsii silskohospodarskykh tvaryn. Laboratorno-praktychni zaniattia dlia studentiv dennoi ta zaochnoi form navchannia zi spetsialnosti 8.09010201 «Tekhnolohiia vyrobnytstva i pererobky produktsii tvarynnytstva» OKR «mahistr» [Workshop on breeding of farm animals. Laboratory-practical classes for full-time and parttime students majoring in 8.09010201 «Technology of production and processing of livestock products» EQL «Master»]. Sumy: Publisher: PE Lytovchenko Ye. B., p. 256 (in Ukrainian).
11. Khmelnychyi, L. M. (2018). Uspadkovuvanist ta koreliatsiina minlyvist liniinykh oznak eksterieru koriv-pervistok ukrainskoi chervono-riaboi molochnoi porody Cherkashchyny [Heritability and correlational variability of the conformation linear traits of first-born cows of Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy breed in Cherkasy region]. Scientific and informational Bulletin of Kherson State Agrarian University. Issue 11, pp. 73-75 (in Ukrainian).
12. Khmelnychyi, L. M., & Khmelnychyi, S. L. (2019). Populiatsiino-henetychni parametry statei budovy tila koriv ukrainskoi chorno-riaboi molochnoi porody [Population-genetic parameters of the body structure traits of cows of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed]. Production and processing technology of animal husbandry products. Collection Scientific works of Bila Tserka National University. No. 2(150), pp. 6-13 (in Ukrainian).
13. Ladyka, V. I., Khmelnychyi, L. M., & Salogub, A. M. (2010). Spoluchna minlyvist statei eksterieru koriv z molochnoiu produktyvnistiu [Correlative variability of the cows’ conformation traits with milk productivity]. Collection Scientific works of Bilotserkivskyi National University of Science and Technology. Bila Tserkva, Issue 3(72), pp. 9-11 (in Ukrainian).
14. Ladyka, V. I., Khmelnychyi, L. M., Povod, M. G. [etc.] (2023). Tekhnolohiia vyrobnytstva ta pererobky produktsii tvarynnytstva: pidruchnyk dlia aspirantiv [Technology of production and processing of livestock products: a textbook for graduate students]. Odesa: Oldi+. Edited by V. I. Ladyka and L. M. Khmelnychyi, p. 244 [In Ukrainian]
15. Loboda, V. P. (2012). Osoblyvosti eksteryeru koriv-pervistok ukrayinskoyi chervono-ryaboyi molochnoyi porody [Conformation features of the first-born cows of Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy breed]. Scientific Bulletin of Sumy NAU. The series: «Livestock», Issue 12(21), pp. 21–23 (in Ukrainian).
16. Loboda, V. P. (2013). Uspadkovuvanist ta spoluchna minlyvist statei eksterieru koriv ukrainskoi chervono-riaboi molochnoi porody [Heritability and correlative variability of the cows conformation traits of Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy breed]. Scientific Bulletin of Sumy NAU. The series: «Livestock», Issue 7(23), pp. 56–59 (in Ukrainian).
17. Luhovyi, S. I. (2023). Influence of growth and development traits on the cow’s milk productivity of Red steppe breed [Vplyv oznak rostu ta rozvytku na molochnu produktyvnist koriv chervonoi stepovoi porody]. Taurian Scientific Bulletin, No. 131, pp. 296-303 (in Ukrainian).
18. Pelekhatyi, M. S., & Piddubna, L. M. (2012). Kontseptsiia bazhanoho typu ta yii vykorystannia pry stvorenni vysokoproduktyvnoho zavodskoho stada molochnoi khudoby [Concept of the desired type and its use in creating a highly productive stud herd of dairy cattle]. Bulletin of the Zhytomyr State University. Zhytomyr, Issue 1, pp. 238–247 (in Ukrainian).
19. Pelekhatyi, M. S., & Shulyar, A. L. (2010). Porivniannia novostvorenykh molochnykh porid za eksterierom i konstytutsiieiu [Comparison of newly created dairy breeds by the conformation and constitution]. Scientific Bulletin of S.Z. Gzhitskyi Lviv National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Issue 3(45), pp. 79–93 (in Ukrainian).
20. Polupan, Y. P., Melnyk, Y. F., Bazyshina, I. V., Pochukalin, A. E., & Pryima, S. V. (2021). Spivvidnosna minlyvist selektsionovanykh oznak chervonoi molochnoi khudoby [Correlative variability of the selected traits of Red dairy cattle]. Animal Breeding and Genetics. Issue 62, pp. 65-71 (in Ukrainian).
21. Polupan, Yu. P. (2013). Ontohenetychni ta selektsiini zakonomirnosti formuvannia hospodarsky korysnykh oznak molochnoi khudoby [Ontogenetic and selection regularities in the formation of economically useful traits of dairy cattle]. Doctor's thesis of Agricultural sciences: 06.02.01. Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics NAAS. Chubynske, p. 694 (in Ukrainian).
22. Poslavska, Yu. V., Fedorovych, Ye. I., & Bodnar, P. V. (2016). Vplyv eksterieru koriv-pervistok ukrainskoi chorno-riaboi molochnoi porody na formuvannia yikh podalshoi molochnoi produktyvnosti [Influence of the first-calf cows conformation of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed on the formation of their further milk productivity]. Animal Breeding and Genetics, Issue 51, pp. 131–139 (in Ukrainian).
23. Salohub, A. M., & Khmelnychyi, L. M. (2011). Osoblyvosti uspadkovuvanosti ta spoluchnoi minlyvosti oznak eksterieru koriv ukrainskoi chervono-riaboi molochnoi porody [Features of the heritability and correlative variability of cows conformation traits of Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy breed]. Collection Scientific works of Vinnytsia NAU. Series: Agricultural Sciences, Issue 8(48), pp. 59-62 (in Ukrainian).
24. Shcherbatyi, Z. E., & Bodnar, P. V. (2012). Eksterierno-konstytutsiini osoblyvosti ta hospodarsko korysni oznaky koriv riznykh henotypiv ukrainskoi chorno-riaboi molochnoi porody. [Exterior-constitutional features and economically useful traits of cows of different genotypes of the Ukrainian Black--and-White dairy breed]. Scientific Bulletin of S.Z. Gzhitskyi Lviv National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology. Vol. 14, No. 2 (52), Part 2, pp. 372-390 (in Ukrainian).
25. Stavetska, R. V., & Dynko, Yu. P. (2016). Spivvidnosna minlyvist molochnoi produktyvnosti ta promiriv tila pervistok ukrainskoi chorno-riaboi molochnoi porody [Correlative variability of milk productivity and body measurements the firstborns of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed]. Production and processing technology of livestock production. Issue 1, pp. 108-114 (in Ukrainian).
26. Suprun, I. O., & Khmelnychyi, L. M. (2014). Selektsiino-henetychni parametry hospodarsky korysnykh oznak koriv ukrainskoi chervono-riaboi molochnoi porody [Selection and genetic parameters of economically useful traits of cows of the Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy breed]. Bulletin of Cherkasy IAPV. Cherkasy, Vol. 4, pp. 120-126 (in Ukrainian).
27. Tapki, I., & Ziya Guzey, Y. (2013). Genetic and phenotypic correlations between linear type traits and milk production yields of Turkish Holstein dairy cows. Greener J. of Agricultural Sci. Vol. 3(11), pp. 755–761.
28. Zhukorskyi, O. M., Romanova, O. V., Pryima, S. V., & Basovskyi, D. M. (2023). Derzhavnyi reiestr subʼiektiv pleminnoi spravy u tvarynnytstvi za 2022 rik [State register of breeding subjects in animal husbandry for 2022]. General edition by Priyma, S. V. Kyiv, Volume II. p. 190. Electronic resource. https://www.animalbreedingcenter.org.ua/images/files/derjplemreestr/derjplemreestr2_2022.pdf
2. Bohlouli, M., Alijani, S., & Varposhti, M. R. (2015). Genetic relationships amonG linear type traits and milk production traits of Holstein dairy cattle. Ann. Anim. Sci. Vol. 15, No. 4, pp. 903–917. DOI: 10.1515/aoas-2015-0053
3. Burkat, V. P., Polupan, Iu. P. & Yovenko I. V. (2004). Liniina otsinka koriv za typom [Linear estimation of cows by type]. Kyiv: Agrarian science, pp. 88 (in Ukrainian).
4. Fedorovych, E. I., Fedorovych, V. V., Bodnar, P. V., Fil, S. I., Dymchuk, A. V., & Orikhivskyi T. V. (2021). Spivvidnosna minlyvist fenotypovykh oznak ta pokaznykiv molochnoi produktyvnosti koriv [Correlative variability of phenotypic traits and indicators of cows’ milk productivity]. Scientific Bulletin of S.Z. Gzhitskyi LNUVMB. Series: Agricultural Sciences. Vol. 23, No. 95, pp. 101-107 (in Ukrainian).
5. Hladii, M. V., Bashchenko, M. I., Polupan Yu. P. Kovalenko, G. S., Chernyak, N. G., & Pryima, S. V. (2018). Selektsiyni, henetychni ta biotekhnolohichni metody udoskonalennya i zberezhennya henofondu porid silskohospodarskykh tvaryn (Monohrafiya). [Selection, genetic and biotechnological methods to improve and preserve the gene pool breeds of farm animals (Monograph)]. Edited by M. V. Hladii, Yu. P. Polupan. IRHT M.V. Zubtsya, NAAS. Poltava: Firma «Tekhservis», pp. 253-268 (in Ukrainian).
6. Karateeva, O. I. (2012). Rozvytok liniinykh promiriv khudoby riznykh porid molochnoho napriamu produktyvnosti [Development of livestock linear measurements of different breeds of milk productivity]. Taurian Scientific Bulletin, No. 78(2), pp. 72-76 (in Ukrainian).
7. Karpenko, B. M. (2023). Osoblyvosti formuvannia eksterieru chorno-riaboi molochnoi khudoby riznykh porid: dys. … d-ra filosofii: 204-TVPPT [Peculiarities in the formation of the conformation of Black-and-White dairy cattle of different breeds: thesis. ... Doctor of Philosophy: 204-TVPPT]. Sumy National Agrarian University, p. 240 (in Ukrainian).
8. Khmelnychyi, L. M. (2007). Bazhanyi eksteriernyi typ koriv molochnoi khudoby [Desired conformation type of dairy cows]. Animal Breeding and Genetics. Interdepartmental thematic scientific collection. Kyiv: Agrarian science, Issue 41, pp. 261–269 (in Ukrainian).
9. Khmelnychyi, L. M. (2007). Otsinka eksterieru tvaryn v systemi selektsii molochnoi khudoby: Monohrafiia [Evaluation of the animals’ conformation in the system of dairy cattle selection: Monograph]. Sumy: VVP «Mriya-1» LLC, p. 260 (in Ukrainian).
10. Khmelnychyi, L. M. (2014). Praktykum z selektsii silskohospodarskykh tvaryn. Laboratorno-praktychni zaniattia dlia studentiv dennoi ta zaochnoi form navchannia zi spetsialnosti 8.09010201 «Tekhnolohiia vyrobnytstva i pererobky produktsii tvarynnytstva» OKR «mahistr» [Workshop on breeding of farm animals. Laboratory-practical classes for full-time and parttime students majoring in 8.09010201 «Technology of production and processing of livestock products» EQL «Master»]. Sumy: Publisher: PE Lytovchenko Ye. B., p. 256 (in Ukrainian).
11. Khmelnychyi, L. M. (2018). Uspadkovuvanist ta koreliatsiina minlyvist liniinykh oznak eksterieru koriv-pervistok ukrainskoi chervono-riaboi molochnoi porody Cherkashchyny [Heritability and correlational variability of the conformation linear traits of first-born cows of Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy breed in Cherkasy region]. Scientific and informational Bulletin of Kherson State Agrarian University. Issue 11, pp. 73-75 (in Ukrainian).
12. Khmelnychyi, L. M., & Khmelnychyi, S. L. (2019). Populiatsiino-henetychni parametry statei budovy tila koriv ukrainskoi chorno-riaboi molochnoi porody [Population-genetic parameters of the body structure traits of cows of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed]. Production and processing technology of animal husbandry products. Collection Scientific works of Bila Tserka National University. No. 2(150), pp. 6-13 (in Ukrainian).
13. Ladyka, V. I., Khmelnychyi, L. M., & Salogub, A. M. (2010). Spoluchna minlyvist statei eksterieru koriv z molochnoiu produktyvnistiu [Correlative variability of the cows’ conformation traits with milk productivity]. Collection Scientific works of Bilotserkivskyi National University of Science and Technology. Bila Tserkva, Issue 3(72), pp. 9-11 (in Ukrainian).
14. Ladyka, V. I., Khmelnychyi, L. M., Povod, M. G. [etc.] (2023). Tekhnolohiia vyrobnytstva ta pererobky produktsii tvarynnytstva: pidruchnyk dlia aspirantiv [Technology of production and processing of livestock products: a textbook for graduate students]. Odesa: Oldi+. Edited by V. I. Ladyka and L. M. Khmelnychyi, p. 244 [In Ukrainian]
15. Loboda, V. P. (2012). Osoblyvosti eksteryeru koriv-pervistok ukrayinskoyi chervono-ryaboyi molochnoyi porody [Conformation features of the first-born cows of Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy breed]. Scientific Bulletin of Sumy NAU. The series: «Livestock», Issue 12(21), pp. 21–23 (in Ukrainian).
16. Loboda, V. P. (2013). Uspadkovuvanist ta spoluchna minlyvist statei eksterieru koriv ukrainskoi chervono-riaboi molochnoi porody [Heritability and correlative variability of the cows conformation traits of Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy breed]. Scientific Bulletin of Sumy NAU. The series: «Livestock», Issue 7(23), pp. 56–59 (in Ukrainian).
17. Luhovyi, S. I. (2023). Influence of growth and development traits on the cow’s milk productivity of Red steppe breed [Vplyv oznak rostu ta rozvytku na molochnu produktyvnist koriv chervonoi stepovoi porody]. Taurian Scientific Bulletin, No. 131, pp. 296-303 (in Ukrainian).
18. Pelekhatyi, M. S., & Piddubna, L. M. (2012). Kontseptsiia bazhanoho typu ta yii vykorystannia pry stvorenni vysokoproduktyvnoho zavodskoho stada molochnoi khudoby [Concept of the desired type and its use in creating a highly productive stud herd of dairy cattle]. Bulletin of the Zhytomyr State University. Zhytomyr, Issue 1, pp. 238–247 (in Ukrainian).
19. Pelekhatyi, M. S., & Shulyar, A. L. (2010). Porivniannia novostvorenykh molochnykh porid za eksterierom i konstytutsiieiu [Comparison of newly created dairy breeds by the conformation and constitution]. Scientific Bulletin of S.Z. Gzhitskyi Lviv National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Issue 3(45), pp. 79–93 (in Ukrainian).
20. Polupan, Y. P., Melnyk, Y. F., Bazyshina, I. V., Pochukalin, A. E., & Pryima, S. V. (2021). Spivvidnosna minlyvist selektsionovanykh oznak chervonoi molochnoi khudoby [Correlative variability of the selected traits of Red dairy cattle]. Animal Breeding and Genetics. Issue 62, pp. 65-71 (in Ukrainian).
21. Polupan, Yu. P. (2013). Ontohenetychni ta selektsiini zakonomirnosti formuvannia hospodarsky korysnykh oznak molochnoi khudoby [Ontogenetic and selection regularities in the formation of economically useful traits of dairy cattle]. Doctor's thesis of Agricultural sciences: 06.02.01. Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics NAAS. Chubynske, p. 694 (in Ukrainian).
22. Poslavska, Yu. V., Fedorovych, Ye. I., & Bodnar, P. V. (2016). Vplyv eksterieru koriv-pervistok ukrainskoi chorno-riaboi molochnoi porody na formuvannia yikh podalshoi molochnoi produktyvnosti [Influence of the first-calf cows conformation of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed on the formation of their further milk productivity]. Animal Breeding and Genetics, Issue 51, pp. 131–139 (in Ukrainian).
23. Salohub, A. M., & Khmelnychyi, L. M. (2011). Osoblyvosti uspadkovuvanosti ta spoluchnoi minlyvosti oznak eksterieru koriv ukrainskoi chervono-riaboi molochnoi porody [Features of the heritability and correlative variability of cows conformation traits of Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy breed]. Collection Scientific works of Vinnytsia NAU. Series: Agricultural Sciences, Issue 8(48), pp. 59-62 (in Ukrainian).
24. Shcherbatyi, Z. E., & Bodnar, P. V. (2012). Eksterierno-konstytutsiini osoblyvosti ta hospodarsko korysni oznaky koriv riznykh henotypiv ukrainskoi chorno-riaboi molochnoi porody. [Exterior-constitutional features and economically useful traits of cows of different genotypes of the Ukrainian Black--and-White dairy breed]. Scientific Bulletin of S.Z. Gzhitskyi Lviv National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology. Vol. 14, No. 2 (52), Part 2, pp. 372-390 (in Ukrainian).
25. Stavetska, R. V., & Dynko, Yu. P. (2016). Spivvidnosna minlyvist molochnoi produktyvnosti ta promiriv tila pervistok ukrainskoi chorno-riaboi molochnoi porody [Correlative variability of milk productivity and body measurements the firstborns of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed]. Production and processing technology of livestock production. Issue 1, pp. 108-114 (in Ukrainian).
26. Suprun, I. O., & Khmelnychyi, L. M. (2014). Selektsiino-henetychni parametry hospodarsky korysnykh oznak koriv ukrainskoi chervono-riaboi molochnoi porody [Selection and genetic parameters of economically useful traits of cows of the Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy breed]. Bulletin of Cherkasy IAPV. Cherkasy, Vol. 4, pp. 120-126 (in Ukrainian).
27. Tapki, I., & Ziya Guzey, Y. (2013). Genetic and phenotypic correlations between linear type traits and milk production yields of Turkish Holstein dairy cows. Greener J. of Agricultural Sci. Vol. 3(11), pp. 755–761.
28. Zhukorskyi, O. M., Romanova, O. V., Pryima, S. V., & Basovskyi, D. M. (2023). Derzhavnyi reiestr subʼiektiv pleminnoi spravy u tvarynnytstvi za 2022 rik [State register of breeding subjects in animal husbandry for 2022]. General edition by Priyma, S. V. Kyiv, Volume II. p. 190. Electronic resource. https://www.animalbreedingcenter.org.ua/images/files/derjplemreestr/derjplemreestr2_2022.pdf
Published
2024-07-23
How to Cite
Khmelnychyi, L. M., Suprun, I. O., & Barteneva, L. S. (2024). CORRELATIVE VARIABILITY OF THE MEASUREMENTS OF COWS’ BODY STRUCTURE OF UKRAINIAN RED-AND-WHITE DAIRY BREED WITH THE MILK YIELD AMOUNT IN DYNAMICS OF LACTATION. Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. The Series: Livestock, (2), 109-114. https://doi.org/10.32782/bsnau.lvst.2024.2.16
Section
Articles
ISSN 
ISSN 
