Diversion by lines in different stages of exclusion and consolidation of Ukrainian Red Cattle Breed
Abstract
The breeding process of line breeding are of great importance in, so it is advisable to analyze at different stages of removal and consolidation of the Ukrainian red dairy breed. Common zootechnical methods (individual accounting of dairy productivity), laboratory (determination of quality composition of milk), retrospective analysis (indicators for the whole period of use of animals), variational-statistical method (determination of parameters of traits) were used to perform the study. The removal of the Ukrainian red dairy breed was carried out with the involvement of the gene pool of Angler, Red Danish and Holstein breeds, and the use of in-line selection was of limited nature. In addition to the general trend, which explains the progressive effect of the breeding process, identified some variants of line compatibility, which differed in milk and fat content. Thus, the in-line selection of the related group of Cirrus, the Ladny line contributed to the increase of fat content in milk of first-born cows in stages I, II and III, and the Elevation, Starbuck, Chifa lines - the level of milk yield in the IV and V stages of breeding and consolidation. The most effective method of increasing the variability of breeding characteristics of dairy cattle is interlinear breeding. Intermittent selection was intensively used in the breeding process, the results of which were constantly analyzed to identify the best line combinations and their subsequent repetition. It was established that in the first three stages (І-ІІІ) of Ukrainian red dairy breed removal the selection of lines of red steppe (maternal) and related groups of angler (parent) breeds prevailed. Most of these crosses were characterized by an average milk yield of 3087 kg (Colombo × Visit) to 4839 kg (Corbiza × Ladny) and high fat content in milk - 4.07% (Colombo × Ladny) and 4.41% (Cirrus × Breeze). The peculiarity of the III, IV, V stages of breeding was the involvement of extensions of Holstein breed lines in the breeding process. This contributed to an increase in milk yield (5082 kg), but at the same time led to a decrease in fat content in milk (3.72%), in particular when selecting the Wisconsin lineage boogers for cows of the related Corbiza group. Interlinear selection affects the productive and reproductive features of the Ukrainian red dairy breed. As a result of the use for the selection of related groups of Angler breed (I-III stages), there was an increase in milk fat in animals, and involvement in the breeding process of lines of the Holstein breed contributed to the increase of milk yield (IV-V stages).
References
2. Pidpala, T.V., 2001. Metodolohichni pidkhody otsinky vzaiemodii «henotyp-seredovyshche» pry selektsii chervonykh porid khudoby [Methodological approaches of genotype-environment interaction estimation in breeding of red cattle breeds]. Henetyka i selektsiia v Ukraini na mezhi tysiacholit, vol. 4, pp. 91-98.
3. Dubin, A.M., Afanasenko, V. Yu., Kovalchuk, A.I. and Kudlai, I.M., 2009. Mizhporodne skhreshchuvannia v populiatsii molochnoi khudoby [Interspecific crossing in dairy cattle populations]. Kyiv: Naukovyi svit.
4. Yovenko, I.V., 2001. Rozvedennia ukrainskoi chorno-riaboi molochnoi khudoby za liniiamy i rodynamy v systemi velykomasshtabnoi selektsii [Breeding of Ukrainian black-and-white dairy cattle by lines and families in the system of large-scale breeding]. Naukovo-tekhnichnyi biuleten Instytutu tvarynnytstva UAAN, issue 80, рр. 57-58.
5. Yovenko, I.V. and Yovenko, V.V., 2003. Osoblyvosti rozvedennia za liniiamy pry velykomasshtabnii selektsii [Features of line breeding in large-scale breeding]. Rozvedennia i henetyka tvaryn, issue 35, pp. 50-54.
6. Rudyk, I.A., Stavetska P.B., Sudyka V.V., Tkach S.O., 2005 Do problemy rozvedennia za liniiamy pry velykomasshtabnii selektsii molochnoi khudoby [On the problem of line breeding in large-scale breeding of dairy cattle]. Rozvedennia i henetyka tvaryn, issue. 38, pp. 110-116.
7. Chekhivskyi, M. Y., 2005. Pro nepryiniatnist liniinoho rozvedennia velykoi rohatoi khudoby [On the inadmissibility of linear breeding of cattle]. Rozvedennia i henetyka tvaryn, issue, 38, pp. 116-118.
8. Polupan, Yu., Koval, T., and Voronenko, V., 2003. Poiednuvanist linii ta sporidnenykh hrup chervonoi molochnoi khudoby [The compatibility of lines and related groups of red dairy cattle]. Tvarynnytstvo Ukrainy, issue 11, pp. 11-14.
9. Kostiuk, V. V., 2010. Eksterierni ta produktyvni osoblyvosti molochnoi khudoby riznoho pokhodzhennia. Abstract of Ph.D. s. Chubynske. Rozvedennia ta selektsiia tvaryn.
10. Halchynska, I.A., 2009. Rol selektsiino-henetychnykh faktoriv u formuvanni zavodskoho stada ukrainskoi chervono-riaboi molochnoi porody. Abstract of Ph.D. Kyiv–Chubynske. Rozvedennia ta selektsiia tvaryn.
11. Pidpala, T.V., 1998. Liniine rozvedennia v selektsii chervonoi stepovoi khudoby [Linear breeding in breeding of red steppe cattle]. Tavriiskyi naukovyi visnyk, issue 8, pp. 71-77.
12. Koval, T.P., 2009. Poiednuvanist linii i sporidnenykh hrup chervonoi molochnoi khudoby za pokaznykamy tryvalosti ta efektyvnosti yii dovichnoho vykorystannia [Compatibility of lines and related groups of red dairy cattle by duration and efficiency of their lifelong use]. Naukovyi visnyk «Askaniia-Nova», issue 2, pp. 66-72.
13. Hnatiuk, S.I., 2012. Otsinka efektyvnosti formuvannia vnutrishnoporodnykh typiv ukrainskoi chervonoi molochnoi porody. Abstract of Ph.D. Kyiv–Chubynske. Rozvedennia ta selektsiia tvaryn.
14. Hnatiuk, S.I., and Khmelnychyi, L.M., 2010. Efektyvnist dovichnoho vykorystannia koriv ukrainskoi chervonoi molochnoi molochnoi porody zalezhno vid vnutrishnoporodnykh typiv ta henealohichnykh formuvan [Efficiency of life-long use of cows of Ukrainian red milk dairy breed depending on inbred types and genealogical formations]. Tekhnolohiia vyrobnytstva i pererobky produktsii tvarynnytstva, issue 3 (72), pp. 111-115.
15. Pidpala, T.V., Voinalovych, S.A., Nazarenko, V. H., Herasymenko, V.V., Strikha, L.O. and Tskhvitava, O. K., 2012. Selektsiia molochnoi khudoby i svynei [Breeding of dairy cattle and pigs]. Mykolaiv : MNAU.
16. Kramarenko, S.S., Luhovyi, S.I., Lykhach, A.V. and Kramarenko, O.S., 2019. Analiz biometrychnykh danykh u rozvedenni ta selektsii tvaryn [Analysis of biometric data in breeding and breeding animals]. Mykolaiv: MNAU.
17. Pidpala, T.V., 2005 Henezys porodnoho peretvorennia v populiatsii chervonoi stepovoi khudoby [Genesis of breed transformation in the population of red steppe cattle]. Mykolaiv: MDAU.
18. Mykytiuk, D.M., Polupana, Yu.P., and Burkata, V.P., 2004. Prohrama selektsii ukrainskoi chervonoi molochnoi porody velykoi rohatoi khudoby na 2003-2012 roky [Breeding program for Ukrainian Red Dairy Breed of cattle for 2003-2012]. Kyiv.
ISSN 
ISSN 
