Current situation and scientific provision of the livestock industry of the Ukraine eastern region

Abstract

The current state is studied and brief analysis of the resource potential of the main livestock industries - cattle breeding, pig breeding, sheep breeding, goat breeding and poultry breeding by economic entities at regional and national level is carried out. According to the results of the research, it is established that in the beginning of 2020 there is a tendency for decrease of the number of farm animals in Ukraine and the Eastern region in comparison with the corresponding period of the last year, namely: - cattle in all categories of farms in the country and region decreased by 189.1 and 27.8 thousand heads respectively; including in agricultural enterprises - by 85.0 and 22.6 thousand heads, in households - by 104.1 and 5.5 thousand heads; - cows in all categories of farms decreased by 96.4 and 13.7 thousand heads, including in agricultural enterprises - by 29.9 and 7.3 thousand heads, in households - by 66.5 and 6.4 thousand heads; - pigs in all categories of farms decreased by 294.2 and 3.9 thousand heads, incl. households - by 201.3 and 24.8 thousand heads. The number of sheep and goats in all categories of farms in the country and the region decreased by 59.6 and 2.3 thousand heads respectively, including in agricultural enterprises - by 18.3 and 3.6 thousand heads, respectively, households - by 41.3 and thousands of heads. At the same time, there is a slight increase in the number of sheep and goats on the farms of the population of the Eastern region and amounts to 1.3 thousand heads at the expense of Donetsk and Lugansk regions. The number of sheep and goats in all categories of farms in the country and the region decreased by 59.6 and 2.3 thousand heads respectively, including in agricultural enterprises - by 18.3 and 3.6 thousand heads, respectively. households - by 41.3 and thousands of heads. At the same time, there is a slight increase in the number of sheep and goats on the farms of the population of the Eastern region and amounts to 1.3 thousand heads at the expense of Donetsk and Lugansk regions. Compared to last year, the number of poultry in all categories of Ukrainian farms increased by 7715.3 thousand heads (3.65%), including in agricultural enterprises - by 7969.6 thousand, and in households decreased by 254.3 thousand heads. Over the past year, the situation of milk production in all categories of farms has not been stabilized. Milk production decreased by 377.1 thousand tonnes (3.75%), in the Eastern region by 52.6 thousand tonnes (4.2%), including in agricultural enterprises by 37.8 thousand. tons and 35.6 thousand tons, in households by 339.0 thousand tons and 17.0 thousand tons. At the same time, compared to last year, the volumes of slaughtering of farm animals in the country and the region increased by 160.3 thousand tons (4.8%) and 12.7 thousand tons (4.02%), compared to 2018, in including in agricultural enterprises by 207.1 thousand tons and 18.9 thousand tons. Against the background of the general increase in households, this indicator is negative, namely, the realization of slaughter in the country decreased by 46.8 thousand tons (3.8%) and by 6.2 thousand tons (3.9 %) in the Eastern Region. The most profitable industry is poultry. Egg production during the corresponding period increased by 546.1 million units (3.4%). The efficiency of functioning of the Scientific and Methodological Center for Livestock Technology Center of the Institute of Animal Science of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine to overcome the existing problems of the industry has been studied. A number of technological projects for farmers, tenants, investors, managers and specialists of different levels of agro-industrial complex are offered regardless of the forms of state gift and property, specialists of project organizations.