ПРОГНОЗУВАННЯ МОЛОЧНОЇ ПРОДУКТИВНОСТІ КОРІВ
Ключові слова:
українська червона молочна порода, тривалість пренатального періоду, прогнозування молочної продуктивності корів
Анотація
У статті представлено результати досліджень тривалості пренатального періоду з метою раннього прогнозування молочної продуктивності корів української червоної молочної породи. За індивідуальним номером приплоду розрахували тривалість тільності матерів, тобто тривалість пренатального періоду онтогенезу у піддослідних тварин. Для цього використали дату плідного осіменіння матері і дату отелення. Тварин розподілили на три групи. Використали принцип утворення груп (x±0,67SD). Ті з них, що мали пренатальний період онтогенезу коротший, ніж вказаний діапазон, були розподілені до групи зі скороченим періодом (I група), а ті, що перевищували цей діапазон – до групи з подовженим періодом (III група), решта – до середньої групи (II група). У корів I групи тривалість пренатального розвитку була в діапазоні від 270 до 276 діб, у корів II групи – від 277 до 283 діб, у корів III групи – від 284 до 290 діб. Керівною ідеєю досліджень, яка знайшла своє експериментальне підтвердження, була гіпотеза про те, що вже у ранньому онтогенезі може виявлятись різна соматична і функціональна скороспілість телиць. Це може впливати на формування їх наступної молочної продуктивності, а отже, може слугувати прогнозуючим маркером. У корів I групи надій за 305 діб третьої лактації був достовірно вищим за показник одноліток III групи на 650 кг молока. За молочним жиром на 29,0 кг та молочним білком на 22,0 кг. Тварини II групи зайняли проміжне положення, достовірно відрізняючись від однолітків III групи за виходом молочного жиру (P <0,05). За компонентним складом молока різниця між групами не достовірна. Кореляційний зв'язок між показниками тривалості пренатального періоду і надоєм, молочним жиром та молочним білком був зворотнім і достовірним у межах від –0,326 до –0,357. Групоутворюючий фактор мав силу впливу на зазначені ознаки в межах 22,1–28,7 % за Р<0,01. На вміст у молоці жиру та білка вплив тривалості пренатального періоду незначний і перебував в межах 1,5–2,9 % за Р>0,05. Отже, встановлено, що тривалість пренатального періоду розвитку впливає на рівень надоїв, вихід молочного жиру та молочного білка і може бути прогнозуючою ознакою у ранньому віці. За інших рівних умов для ремонту стада слід відбирати телиць з скороченим і середнім пренатальним періодом розвитку та живою масою при народженні у межах допустимих відхилень, тобто нормально розвинених.
Посилання
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4. Banos, G., Brotherstone, S., & Coffey, M. P. (2007). Prenatal Maternal Effects on Body Condition Score, Female Fertility, and Milk Yield of Dairy Cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 90(7), 3490–3499. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2006-809
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9. Chernenko, O. M., Chernenko, O. I. & Sanyara, R. A. (2017). The quality of colostrum and vitality of calves, born from cows with different reaction to stress experiences. Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems, 8(2), 299–303. https://doi.org/10.15421/021747
10. Chernenko, О. М., Chernenko, О. I., Shulzhenko, N. M. & Bordunova, О. G. (2018). Biological features of cows with different levels of stress resistance. Ukrainian Journal of Ecology, 8(1), 466–474. https://doi.org/10.15421/2018_237
11. Chernenko, О., Prishedko, V., Chernenko, О., Mylostyvyi, R., Shulzhenko, N. & Bordunova, O. (2023). Comparison of morphometric and histological properties of testicles and sperm production in breeding bulls with different reaction to stress. Veterinarska stanica, 54 (2), 193-209. https://doi.org/10.46419/vs.54.2.3
12. Copping, K. J., Ruiz-Diaz, M. D., Rutland, C. S., Mongan, N. P., Callaghan, M. J., McMillen, I. C., Rodgers,R. J. & Perry, V. E. A. (2017). Peri-conception and first trimester diet modifies reproductive development in bulls. Reproduction, Fertility and Development. https://doi.org/10.1071/rd17102
13. Ferrell, C. L. (1991). Maternal and fetal influences on uterine and conceptus development in the cow: I. Growth of tissues of the gravid uterus. Journal of Animal Science, 69(5), 1945–1953. https://doi.org/10.2527/1991.6951945x
14. Foote, W. D., Tyler, W. J. & Casida, L. E. (1959). Effect of some genetic and maternal environmental variations on birth weight and gestation length in Holstein cattle. Journal of Dairy Science, 42(2), 305–311. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(59)90565-x
15. Fuerst-Waltl, B., Reichl, A., Fuerst, C., Baumung, R., & Sölkner, J. (2004). Effect of Maternal Age on Milk Production Traits, Fertility, and Longevity in Cattle. Journal of Dairy Science, 87(7), 2293–2298. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(04)70050-8
16. Guo, J. R, Monteiro, A. P. A., Weng, X. S., Ahmed, B. M., Laporta, J., Hayen, M. J., Dahl, G. E., Bernard, J. K. & Tao, S. (2016). Short communication: effect of maternal heat stress in late gestation on blood hormones and metabolites of newborn calves. Journal of Dairy Science, 99, 6804–6807. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2016-11088
17. Gonzalez-Recio, O., Ugarte, E., & Bach, A. (2012). Trans-Generational Effect of Maternal Lactation during Pregnancy: A Holstein Cow Model. PLoS ONE, 7(12), e51816. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0051816
18. Hansen, P. J. (2002). Embryonic mortality in cattle from the embryo's perspective. Journal of Animal Science, 80(2), 33–44. https://doi.org/10.2527/animalsci2002.80E-Suppl_2E33x
19. Hordiichuk, N. M, Denkovych, B. S. & Hordiichuk, L. M. (2017). Shvydkist rostu teliat symentalskoi porody v zalezhnosti vid tryvalosti embriohenezu ta roku narodzhennia. [The growth rate of Simmental calves depending on the duration of embryogenesis and the year of birth]. Naukovyi visnyk Lvivskoho natsionalnoho universytetu veterynarnoi medytsyny ta biotekhnolohii imeni S.Z. Gzhytskoho, 19, 142–146 (in Ukrainian).
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21. Koç, A., & Öner, M. (2023). A Research on Fertility, Herd Life, Milk Production and Milk Quality Characteristics of Simmental (Fleckvieh) Cows: 1. Reproduction, Herd Life and Milk Production Characteristics. Turkish Journal of Agriculture – Food Science and Technology, 11(12), 2339–2346. https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v11i12.2332-2339.6039
22. Lean, S. C., Derricott, H., Jones, R. L., & Heazell, A. E. P. (2017). Advanced maternal age and adverse pregnancy outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLOS ONE, 12(10), e0186287. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0186287
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Опубліковано
2025-03-14
Як цитувати
Черненко, О., & Черненко, О. (2025). ПРОГНОЗУВАННЯ МОЛОЧНОЇ ПРОДУКТИВНОСТІ КОРІВ. Вісник Сумського національного аграрного університету. Серія: Тваринництво, (1), 93-100. https://doi.org/10.32782/bsnau.lvst.2025.1.12
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