Definition of efficiency therapeutic and preventive measures against infectious diseases of bees when installing in a nest of bees frames contaminated with american foul brood pathogen (Bacillus larvae)

D Kisil; T. Fotina

doi:10.32845/bsnau.vet.2020.1.5

D Kisil Sumy National Agrarian University https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3088-951X
T. Fotina Sumy National Agrarian University https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5079-2390

DOI: https://doi.org/10.32845/bsnau.vet.2020.1.5

Abstract

European Union law requires the destruction of all infected hives and equipment. In the United States, many state apiary inspectors require that a diseased AFB hive be completely burned. Spores can persist for up to 40 years and are difficult to destroy. A less radical method of curbing the spread of the disease is to burn only the frames and ridges (honeycomb tongues), as well as careful flame heating of the inner part of the hive body, bottom, hive flaps and lids. Immersion of parts of the hive in hot paraffin or 3% sodium hypochlorite solution (bleach) also makes AFB spores harmless. It is also possible to sterilize an infected hive without damaging either the structure of the hive or the supplies of honey and pollen it contains, by prolonged exposure to an atmosphere of ethylene oxide, both in a closed chamber and in hospitals when sterilizing equipment. which do not withstand steam sterilization. Pathogens are sensitive to many antibiotics of the tetracycline group, streptomycin, erythromycin, and other sulfonamide drugs (except M. plutonius), nitrofurans, and others. Antibiotics in the case of unstable strains of the pathogen can prevent the vegetative state of bacteria. Drug treatment to prevent successful germination and reproduction of American rot spores is possible using oxytetracycline hydrochloride (terramycin). Nowadays, antibiotic therapy is quite effective in use, but at the same time they are banned in the beekeeping industry, so antibiotic residues can be found in bee products, which in turn can be harmful to human health. Therefore, we have developed the drug "Apichels", which in previous studies has proven itself in the use against varroasis of bees in the spring. This drug has proven to be not only effective in use, but also quite carefree for both bees and humans, this is the basis of our previous research on the toxicity of bee products during the use of the drug, due to the components of its composition. All components are of plant origin, which is not included in the components that are prohibited and harmful to bees and humans. Thus, we decided to test this tool for effectiveness in preventive methods against American bee rot.

References

1. Musiyenko O. V., Kysterna O. S., (2017), Hnylʹtsevi khvoroby bdzhil, osoblyvosti diahnostyky ta borotʹby [Putrefactive diseases of bees, features of diagnosis and control], Visnyk Sumsʹkoho natsionalʹnoho ahrarnoho universytetu. Seriya : Veterynarna medytsyna [Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. Series: Veterinary Medicine], 11(1), 90–95. https://doi.org/10.36016/VM-2019-105-11 .
2. Hrobov O.F., (2012), Bolezny y vrednyky medonosnykh [Diseases and pests of melliferous], Ahropromyzdat [Ahropromyzdat], 28, 333.
3. Rudenko E.V., (2012), Opyt orhanizatsiyi veterynarnykh zakhodiv v krupnykh pchelovodcheskykh khozyaystvkh [Experience in organizing veterinary activities in large beekeeping farms], Veterynarna medytsyna [Veterinary medicine], 4(34), 521-526.
4. Luchko M.A., (2012), Bolezny rasploda pchel [Diseases of brood bees], Veterynariya [Veterinary medicine], 3(23), 9-14.
5. Moskalyuk I. V., Sakun M. M., Khamid K. O., (2018) Analiz stanu haluzi bdzhilʹnytstva ukrayiny, osoblyvosti orhanizatsiyi okhorony pratsi ta udoskonalennya pravyl bezpeky z bdzholamy [Analysis of the state of the beekeeping industry of ukraine, features of the organization of labor protection and improvement of safety rules with bees], Silʹsʹkohospodarsʹki nauky [Agricultural sciences], 4(45), 10-13. https://doi.org/10.15587/2313-8416.2018.129317 .
6. Neumann P., Patti J., (2004) The biology of the small hive beetle (Aethina tumida, Coleoptera: Nitidulidae): Gaps in our knowledge of an invasive species [The biology of the small hive beetle (Aethina tumida, Coleoptera: Nitidulidae): Gaps in our knowledge of an invasive species], Apidologie [Apidologie], 35, 229-247. https://doi.org/10.1051/apido:2004010 .
7. Rudenko YE.V., (2003), Alʹternatyvnyy metod kontrolyu infektsiy Khvoroby vyrodka bdzhil [Alternative method of control of infections bee’s brood Diseases], Apiakta [Apiakta], 23(1), 93-97.
8. Kisil D. O., Fotina T. I., (2018) Monitorynh epizootychnoyi sytuatsiyi shchodo zmishanykh infektsiynykh khvorob bdzhil u Pivnichno-Skhidnomu rehioni Ukrayiny [Monitoring of the epizootic situation regarding mixed infectious diseases of bees in the North-Eastern region of Ukraine], Naukovyy visnyk Lʹvivsʹkoho natsionalʹnoho universytetu veterynarnoyi medytsyny ta biotekhnolohiy imeni S.Z. Gzhytsʹkoho [Scientific Bulletin of Lviv National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology named after SZ Gzhytsky], 20(83), 381-384. https://doi.org/10.15421/nvlvet8375 .
9. Berezovsʹkyy A. V., (2012), Nosematosis - as a problem illness of bee-eater [Nozematoz - yak problemna khvoroba bdzholosimey], Ukrainian beekeeper[Ukrayinsʹkyy pasichnyk], 22-24.
10. Kovalʹsʹka L. M., Fedoruk R. S., Kovalʹchuk I. I., Romaniv L. I., (2016), mineralʹnyy i lipidnyy sklad produktsiyi bdzhilʹnytstva ta yiyi yakistʹ za umov tradytsiynoho y orhanichnoho vyrobnytstva vzoni polissya [mineral and lipid composition of beekeeping products and its quality under traditional and organic production outside polisya], Biolohiya tvaryn [Animal biology], 18(1), 40-45. doi:https://doi.org/10.15407/animbiol18.01.040.
11. Berezovsky A. V., (2011), Medicines of the new generation for veterinary medicine [Likarski preparati novogo pokolInnya dlya veterinarnoyi meditsini], Vetinform [Vetinform], 34-36.