DOG PARVOVIRUS ENTERIT: CURRENT STATE OF THE PROBLEM
Keywords:
viral diseases, virological research, diagnosis, research methodology in virology, pathanatomy
Abstract
The article provides a critical analysis of modern data on canine parvovirus enteritis. To date, the disease of dogs with this viral disease causes concern among veterinarians-practitioners due to its wide spread on the territory of Ukraine and throughout the world. Additional risks of the spread of infection are created by the large number of homeless dogs, among which diagnostic and preventive measures to combat parvovirus enteritis are not carried out. The causative agent of parvovirus enteritis in dogs is a small virus from the Parvoviridae family. The source of infection is sick dogs and virus carriers. In addition to dogs, the disease poses a danger to raccoon dogs, foxes, and martens. Young dogs aged two to fifteen weeks are most susceptible to the disease. Dogs older than three years in most cases do not get parvovirus enteritis. An animal becomes infected even with short-term contact with an infected animal or virus-containing material. There are factors that affect the infection of dogs, such as the natural resistance of the body, the presence of colostral immunity, gender, age, breed, etc. A person does not suffer from this disease. There are three forms of the disease: cardiac, intestinal, abortive, mixed, which is manifested by the corresponding damage to the dog's body systems and the manifestation of the corresponding clinical and pathological-anatomical changes. To date, many methods of diagnosing parvovirus enteritis have been developed, but due to the mutation of the pathogen, they require constant improvement. The causative agent of parvovirus enteritis in dogs is resistant to the influence of environmental factors, which creates additional problems during disinfection. The presence of a large number of means of specific prevention does not always effectively lead to a decrease in the rate of animal diseases, since these means can be used without taking into account the epizootic situation, the characteristics of the dog's body, the age of the animals, etc.
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3. Allison, A. B., Kohler, D. J., Ortega, A., Hoover, E. A., Groove, D. M., Holmes, E. C. & Parrish, C. R. (2014). Host-Specific Parvovirus Evolution in Nature Is Recapitulated by In Vitro Adaptation to Different Carnivore Species. PLoS pathogens. P. 10, e1004475.
4. Banja, B. K., Sahoo, N., Das, P. K., Swain, P. and Panda, H. K. (2002). Comparison of different laboratory tests for diagnosis of parvo and corona viral infections in dogs. Indian Veterinary Journal. 79: 425-428.
5. Basava, R. K. (2012). Clinico-epidemiological studies on canine parvoviral infection in and around Tirupati. M. Sc. Thesis, Department of Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Tirupati, India. Pp. 1-71.
6. Borysevych, B. V., Lisova, V. V., Shatska, A. (2016). Morfolohichni osoblyvosti miokardialnoi formy parvovirusnoi infektsii sobak [Morphological features of the myocardial form of parvovirus infection in dogs] Naukovyi visnyk LNUVMBT imeni S.Z. Gzhytskoho, t 18, № 2 (66). S. 16-19. [in Ukrainian]
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8. Buonavoglia, C., Martella, V., Pratelli, A., Tempesta, M., Cavalli, A., Buonavoglia, D., Bozzo, G., Elia, G., Decaro, N. & Carmichael, L. (2001). Evidence for evolution of canine parvovirus type 2 in Italy. Journal of General Virology. 82(12): 3021–3025. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-82-12-3021.
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11. Carmichael, L.E., Joubert, J.C. and Pollock, R.V. (1980). Haemaglutination by canine parvovirus: serological studies and diagnostic applications. American Journal of Veterinary Research. 41:784-791.
12. Carter, G. R. & Wise, D. J. (2006). "Parvoviridae". A Concise Review of Veterinary Virology. http://www.ivis.org/advances/Carte/Part2Chapter 9
13. Cavalli, A., Bozzo, G., Decaro, N., Tinelli, A., Aliberti, A. & Buonavoglia, D. (2001). Characterization of a canine parvovirus strain isolated from an adult dog. New Microbiology. 24: 239-242.
14. Chumakov, K. A. (2009). Epizootolohichni osoblyvosti parvovirusnoi infektsii u sobak u Khmelnytskii oblasti [Epizootological features of parvovirus infection in dogs in Khmelnytskyi region]. Naukovyi visnyk Lvivskoho Universytetu, Lviv, t. II, № 2(41). 1. S.339-442 [in Ukrainian].
15. Cleaveland, S., Meslin, F. X. & Breiman, R. (2006). Dogs can play useful role as sentinel hosts for disease. Nature, 440(7084): 605–605. doi:10.1038/440605b
16. Cotmore, S. F., Agbandje-McKenna, M., Chiorini, J. A., Mukha, D. V., Pintel, D. J., Qiu, J., Soderlund-Venermo, M., Tattersall, P., Tijssen, P., Gatherer, D. & Davison, A. J. (2014). The family Parvoviridae. Archives of virology, 159(5), 1239–1247. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-013-1914-1
17. Day, M. J., Horzinek, M. C., Schultz, R. D. & Squires, R. A. (2016). WSAVA Guidelines for the vaccination of dogs and cats. Journal of Small Animal Practice. (57): E22.
18. Decaro N, Buonavoglia C. Canine parvovirus-a review of epidemiological and diagnostic aspects, with emphasis on type 2c. Vet Microbiol. (2012) 155:1–12. 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.09.007
19. Decaro, N., Elia, G., Desario, C., Roperto, S., Martella, V., Campolo, M., Lorusso, A., Cavalli, A., and Buonavoglia, C. (2006). A minor groove binder probe realtime PCR assay for discrimination between type 2-based vaccines and field strains of canine parvovirus. J. Virol. Methods. 136: 65–70.
20. Desario C, Decaro N, Campolo M, Cavalli A, Cirone F, Elia G, Martella V, Lorusso E, Camero M and Buonavoglia C (2005). Canine parvovirus infection: which diagnostic test for virus? J. Virol. Methods, 126(1): 179–185. DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2005.02.006.
21. Drane, D. P., Hamilton, R. C. & Cox, J.C. (1994). Evaluation of a novel diagnostic test for canine parvovirus. Veterinary Microbiology. 41: 293-302. doi:10.1016/0378-1135(94)90109-0.
22. Duijvestijn, M., Mughini-Gras, L., Schuurman, N., Schijf, W., Wagenaar, J.A. & Egberink, H. (2016). Enteropathogen
infections in canine puppies: (Co-) occurrence, clinical relevance and risk factors. Vet. Microbiol. 195:115–122.
23. Greene C.E., Decaro N. (2012). Canine viral enteritis. In: Greene C.E., editor. Infectious Diseases of the Dog and Cat. 4th ed. St. Louis: Elsevier Saunders; pp. 67–80.
24. Guyton, A. C., & Hall, J. E. (2007). Textbook of Medical Physiology, 11th edition, Saunders, An imprint of Elsevier, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. http://jpkc.hactcm.edu.cn/2012yxslx/file/Textbook%20of%20Medical%20Physiology.pdf.
25. Heald, R. D., Jones, B. D., & Schmidt, D. A. (1986). Blood gas and electrolyte concentrations in canine parvoviral enteritis. J. Am. Anim. Hosp. Assoc. 22(6):745–8.
26. Hess, G. R., Randolph, S. E. Arnebergh, P. Chemini, C. Furlanello, C. Harwood, J. Roberts, M. G., and Swinton, J. (2002). Spatial aspects of disease dynamics In The ecology of wildlife diseases. R. J. Hudson, A. P. Rizzoli, B. T. Grenfell, H. Heesterbeek, and A. P. Dobson, editors. Oxford University Press, Oxford. Pp. 102-118.
27. Hoelzer, K. & Parrish, C. R. (2010). The emergence of parvoviruses of carnivores. Veterinary research. 41: 39.
28. Hotchkiss R.S. & Nicholson D.W. (2006). Apoptosis and caspases regulate death and inflammation in sepsis. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 6 (11): 813-22.
29. Houston, D. M., Ribble, C. S. and Head, L. L. (1996). Risk factors associated with parvovirus enteritis in dogs: 283 cases (1982–1991). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 208(4): 542–546. PMID: 8603904.
30. How Many Dogs Are There In The World? https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/how-many-dogs-are-there-in-theworld.html
31. Isogai, E., Isogai, H., Onuma, M., Mizukoshi, N., Hayashi, M. and Namioka, S. (1989). Escherichia coli associated endotoxemia in dogs with parvovirus infection. Nihon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science. 51: 597-606.
32. Iwu, M. M. (2014). Pharmacognostical Profile of Selected Medicinal Plants from: Handbook of African Medicinal
Plants CRC Press. Pp. 113-115.
33. Jacobs, R. M., Weiser, M. G., Hall, R. L., Kowalski, J. J. (1980). Clinicopathologic features of canine parvoviral enteritis. J. Am. Anim. Hosp. Assoc. 16:809–814.
34. Jensen, W., Totten, J., Lappin, M., Schultz, R. (2015). Use of serologic tests to predict resistance to canine distemper virus-induced disease in vaccinated dogs. J. Vet. Diagn. Investig. 27(5): 576–80.
35. Kamalu, B. P. (1985). Canine parvovirus infection in Nigeria. Journal of Small Animal Practice. 26: 663-668.
36. Kapil, S., Cooper, E., Lamm, C., Murray, B., Rezabek, G., Johnston 3rd, L., Campbell, G., Johnson, B. (2007). Canine parvovirus types 2c and 2b circulating in North American dogs in 2006 and 2007. J. Clin. Microbiol. 45: 4044–4047.
37. Kelman M., Ward M.P., Barrs V.R., Norris J.M. (2019). The geographic distribution and financial impact of canine parvovirus in Australia. Transbound. Emerg. Dis.66:299–311.
38. Kumar, G. S., Jayaveera, K. N., Kumar, C. K. A., Sanjay, U. P., Swamy, B. M. V. and Kumar, D. V. K. (2007). Antimicrobial effects of Indian medicinal plants against acne-inducing bacteria. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 6: 717-723.
39. Kutyavin, I. V., Afonina, I. A., Mills, A., Gorn, V., Lukhtanov, E. A., Belousov, E. S., Singer, M. J., Walburger, D. K., Lokhov, S. G., Gall, A. A., Dempcy, R., Reed, M. W., Meyer, R. B., Hedgpeth, J. (2000). 3 -Minor groove binder-DNA probes increase sequence specificity at PCR. Extension temperatures. Nucleic Acids Res. 28: 655–661.
40. Lamm, C. G. & Rezabek, G. B. (2008). Parvovirus infection in domestic companion animals. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice, 38(4): 837–50. Doi: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2008.03.008.
41. Larson, L. J. and Schultz, R. D. (1997). Comparison of selected canine vaccines for their ability to induce protective immunity against canine parvovirus infection. American Journal of Veterinary Research. 58(4): 360–363. PMID: 9099379.
42. Macintire, D. K. & Smith-Carr, S. (1997). Canine parvovirus. Part II. Clinical signs, diagnosis, and treatment. The Compendium on Continuing Education for the Practicing Veterinarian, 19(3): 291–302. Available at: https://scribd. com/document/23747918.
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Published
2023-09-18
How to Cite
G. A., Z., R. V., P., Ivanoska, L. B., Zon, I. G., & Tion, M. T. (2023). DOG PARVOVIRUS ENTERIT: CURRENT STATE OF THE PROBLEM. Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. The Series: Veterinary Medicine, (2(61), 3-13. https://doi.org/10.32782/bsnau.vet.2023.2.1
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