PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF DENTAL DISEASE IN DOGS (OVERVIEW)
Keywords:
dogs, dental diseases, periodontopathy, gingivitis, tartar, dental caries.
Abstract
An analysis of current information on the prevalence of dental pathology in dogs is presented. The frequency of detection of pathology of the organs of the oral cavity largely depends on methodical approaches to diagnosis: without general anesthesia it is within 20-25%, with the use of analgesia it reaches 80-100%. In many cases, the owner's assessment of the oral health of domestic companions was overestimated. With the exception of a high incidence rate in dwarf and small dogs, breed predisposition remains debatable. It has been proven that dogs after 4-5 years of age have a high risk of dental diseases and their course is more severe. Sexual predisposition to diseases of the teeth and gums has not been proven, although there are reports on the susceptibility of males of large breeds (up to 80%). According to the nosological profile, periodontal disease, dental plaque/calculus, caries, absence of teeth and their abnormal wear are most often diagnosed. In the structure of morbidity, 60-80% is periodontitis, 30-50% – tartar deposits, 20-30% – absence of teeth, 15-20% – gingivitis and caries, 3-10% – neoplasms. Malignant tumors predominate (up to 50%), compared to benign (up to 40%) and paraneoplastic lesions (up to 15%). The most relevant risk factors for the occurrence and progression of dental diseases in dogs: age (middle and older age groups), breed (dwarf and small), skull structure (brachycephalic), violation of the regime of maintenance and use, feeding with soft cooked food, absence or insufficient hygiene measures oral cavity, mechanical damage to the tissues of the jaws and teeth (as a result of injuries or bone feeding), pathogenic microbiota (biological factor of tooth tissue damage), diseases of the orthodontic profile (anomalies of tooth development and dental bite) and temporomandibular joint (osteoarthritis, fractures, dysplasia, ankylosis, dislocation, neoplasm). The severity of the course of periodontopathy correlates with diseases of the cardiovascular and excretory systems, in particular with kidney failure. The significant prevalence and multi-vector nature of etiological factors against the background of the lack of a single methodological approach to the verification of oral cavity pathology serves as the basis for the need for further research in the field of veterinary stomatology.
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6. Baranovskyi, O. V., Kovalov, P. V., & Kovalova, L. O. (2020). Monitorynh poshyrennia stomatolohichnoi patolohii u dribnykh tvaryn v umovakh mista Zhytomyra [Monitoring the spread of dental pathology in small animals in the conditions of the city of Zhytomyr]. BBK 48 S 91, 19 [in Ukrainian].
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9. Bellows, J., Berg, M. L., Dennis, S., Harvey, R., Lobprise, H. B., Snyder, C. J., ... & Van de Wetering, A. G. (2019). 2019 AAHA dental care guidelines for dogs and cats. Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association, 55(2), 49–69. DOI: 10.5326/JAAHA-MS-6933
10. Borissov, I. (1999). Study of the incidence of dental diseases in dogs in Stara Zagora, Bulgaria. Veterinarski arhiv, 69(2), 79–85.
11. Buckley, C., Colyer, A., Skrzywanek, M., Jodkowska, K., Kurski, G., Gawor, J., & Ceregrzyn, M. (2011). The impact of home-prepared diets and home oral hygiene on oral health in cats and dogs. British journal of nutrition, 106(1), 124–127. DOI: 10.1017/S0007114511000821
12. Cave, N. J., Bridges, J. P., & Thomas, D. G. (2012). Systemic effects of periodontal disease in cats. Veterinary Quarterly, 32(3–4), 131–144. DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2012.745957
13. Chukhno, V. S. (2012). Etiopatohenetychni mekhanizmy rozvytku olihodontii u sobak [Etiopathogenetic mechanisms of development of oligodontia in dogs]. Naukovyi visnyk Lvivskoho natsionalnoho universytetu veterynarnoi medytsyny ta biotekhnolohii imeni SZ Gzhytskoho, 14(2–1 (52)), 388–391 [in Ukrainian].
14. Delgado, L., Brilhante-Simões, P., Prada, J., & Monteiro, L. (2023). Oral Pathology in Portuguese Dogs: An Eight- Year Biopsy-Based Retrospective Study. Journal of Veterinary Dentistry, 40(1), 28–37. DOI: 10.1177/08987564221098107
15. Enlund, K. B., Brunius, C., Hanson, J., Hagman, R., Höglund, O. V., Gustås, P., & Pettersson, A. (2020). Dog owners' perspectives on canine dental health-a questionnaire study in Sweden. Frontiers in veterinary science, 7, 298. DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00298
16. Enlund, K. B., Pettersson, A., & Eldh, A. C. (2022). Dog Owners' Ideas and Strategies Regarding Dental Health in Their Dogs-Thematic Analysis of Free Text Survey Responses. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 9, 878162. DOI: 10.3389/ fvets.2022.878162
17. Davis, I. J., Wallis, C., Deusch, O., Colyer, A., Milella, L., Loman, N., & Harris, S. (2013). A cross-sectional survey of bacterial species in plaque from client owned dogs with healthy gingiva, gingivitis or mild periodontitis. PloS one, 8(12), e83158. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083158
18. Dos Santos, J. D. P., Cunha, E., Nunes, T., Tavares, L., & Oliveira, M. (2019). Relation between periodontal disease and systemic diseases in dogs. Research in veterinary science, 125, 136–140. DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.06.007
19. Elseddawy, F. D., Behery, A. E., Hendy, E. A., & Ezzeldein, S. A. (2023). Dental disorders in dogs and cats: A retrospective study. Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 37(1), 247–253. DOI: 10.33899/ijvs.2022.133750.2289
20. Glickman, L. T., Glickman, N. W., Moore, G. E., Lund, E. M., Lantz, G. C., & Pressler, B. M. (2011). Association between chronic azotemic kidney disease and the severity of periodontal disease in dogs. Preventive veterinary medicine, 99(2–4), 193-200. DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2011.01.011
21. Goel, P., & Bala, N. (2016). General dentist venturing into the field of veterinary dentistry. International Journal of Research in Health and Allied Sciences, 2(4), 5–10.
22. Fernandes, N. A., Borges, A. P. B., Reis, E. C. C., Sepúlveda, R. V., & Pontes, K. C. D. S. (2012). Prevalence of periodontal disease in dogs and owners' level of awareness-a prospective clinical trial. Revista Ceres, 59, 446–451.
23. Hall, J. A., Forman, F. J., Bobe, G., Farace, G., & Yerramilli, M. (2021). The impact of periodontal disease and dental cleaning procedures on serum and urine kidney biomarkers in dogs and cats. Plos one, 16(7), e0255310. DOI: 10.1371/ journal.pone.0255310
24. Ilgažs, A., & Birgele, E. (2003). Correlation between the condition of the mouth cavity and food in different breed of dogs. Veterinarija ir zootechnika, 21(43), 13-16.
25. KD, J. M., Archana, A., Sarada Amma, T., MK, N., & Pillai, U. N. (2011). Occurrence of dental affections in dogs–a study in 150 cases. Indian Journal of Canine Practice Volume, 3(2), 138.
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Published
2023-11-20
How to Cite
Voloboieva, U. I., Bilyi, D. D., & Stotskyi, O. (2023). PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF DENTAL DISEASE IN DOGS (OVERVIEW). Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. The Series: Veterinary Medicine, (3(62), 21-28. https://doi.org/10.32782/bsnau.vet.2023.3.3
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