Reaction of winter wheat plants of phytopathogens in the projection on organic agriculture
Keywords:
plant immunity, cultivar, pathogens, organic farming technology, strain renovation, variety replacement
Abstract
Wheat is one of the important cereals consumed by human being. The potential loss of the harvest from the complex of pests in crops is 37 %. Modern agriculture is heading towards the production of eco-friendly products meaning that the organic sector of agriculture has a rapid development. The certified organic agricultural land area in our country as of 2015 was 410.6 thousand hectares, and the global land area is only 1 %. Current trends of the development of organic technology of wheat cultivation were considered, its features were defined. The main diseases (types of root rot, leaf spots, including septoria, powdery mildew, types of rust, smut, fusarium wilt etc.) and the problems associated with them, that hinder the development of global organic production have been detected. The diseases of growing plants that are linked with the damage of 15‒32 % will cause product losses. The essence of the terms "phytosanitary condition", "plant immunity", "variety replacement" was described. It is determined that the most radical, most promising, environmentally safe and cost-effective way to improve the integrated system of winter wheat protection is the cultivation of varieties that are resistant to pests and pathogens. Our analysis confirms that resistant varieties have proven to be the main advantage of immunological method of plant protection and quarantine. They are considered as the basics of organic technology. Knowledge of plant protection mechanisms against pathogens is increasing significantly. As a result, the number of identified genes and data on the regulation of their activity by various defense mechanisms is growing. Unconventional cultivation technology stimulates the search for new methods, techniques and measures. The main prospects and directions of improvement of the domestic organic sector are substantiated.
The state register of plant varieties suitable for distribution in Ukraine is being updated with new varieties. The issue of conducting research on commercial varieties of bread winter wheat in the conditions of the north-eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine under the organic system of cultivation in relation to disease resistance remains relevant.
References
1. Goesaert, H., Brijs, K., Veraverbeke, W. S., Courtin, C. M., Gebruers, K., & Delcour, J. A. (2005). Wheat flour constituents: How they impact bread quality, and how to impact their functionality. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 16(1), 12–30. doi:10.1016/j.fochx.2020.100089.
2. Remeslo, V. M., & Sajko, V. F. (1975). Sortova agrotehnіka pshenicі [Varietal agricultural machinery of wheat]. Urozhaj, Kiїv (in Ukrainian).
3. Bakumenko, O. M., Os'machko, O. M., & Vlasenko, V. A. (2019). Kombinacijna zdatnist' sortiv pshenyci ozymoi' Kryzhynka ta Smugljanka [Combination ability winter wheat varieties Kryzhynka and Smuhlyanka]. VVP «Mrija-1», Sumy (in Ukrainian).
4. National Geographic. What the world eats, (2019). Retrieved April 2009. [Electronic resource]. Access mode: https://www.nationalgeographic.com/what-the-world-eats/
5. Еkonomichnyj dyskusijnyj klub (2016). Dinamіka ta perspektivi rozvitku rinku organіchnoї produkcії v svіtі ta v Ukraїnі [Dynamics and prospects of development of the market of organic products in the world and in Ukraine.]. http://edclub.com.ua/analityka/dynamika-ta-perspektyvy-rozvytku-rynku-organichnoyi-produkciyi-v-sviti-ta-v-ukrayini (in Ukrainian).
6. Seufert, V., Ramankuttyab, N., & Mayerhoferd T. (2017). What is this thing called organic? – How organic farming is codified in regulations. Food Policy, (68)11, 10–20. doi:org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2016.12.009/.
7. Fedorenko, V., & Ret'man, S. (2009). Aktual'nі pitannja zahistu posіvіv. [Current issues of crop protection]. Karantyn i zahyst roslyn, (3), 1‒5 (in Ukrainian).
8. Karen M Nielsen, (2019). Organic Farming. Encyclopedia of Ecology, (4)2, 550–558. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-409548-9.10603-7
9. Litterick, A. M., & Watson, C. A. (2017). Organic Farming. Encyclopedia of Applied Plant Sciences, (3)2, 311‒317. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-394807-6.00004-6.
10. Lammerts van Bueren, E. T., Struik, P. C., & Jacobsen, E. (2002). Ecological concepts in organic farming and their consequences for an organic crop ideotype. Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science, 50, 1–26.
11. Murphy, K. M., Campbell, K. G., Lyon, S. R., & Jones, S. S. (2007), Evidence of varietal adaptation to organic farming system. Field Crops Research, 102, 172–177.
12. Wolfe, M. S., Baresel, J. P., Desclaux, D, Goldringer, I., Hoad, S., Kovacs, G., & Lammerts van Bueren, E. T. (2008). Developments in breeding cereals for organic agriculture. Euphytica, 163, 323‒346.
13. Shamanin, V., Salina, E., Wanyera, R., Zelenskiy, Y., Olivera, P., & Morgounov, A. (2016). Genetic diversity of spring wheat from Kazakhstan and Russia for resistance to stem rust Ug99. Euphytica, (212)10, 287–296. doi: 10.1007/s10681-016-1769-0
14. Vologdіna, G., & Zamlіla, N. (2006). Produkcіjnij proces ta adaptivnіst' u novih sortіv ta lіnіj pshenicі ozimoї [Production process and adaptability in new varieties and lines of winter wheat]. Visnyk Bіlocerkіvs'kogo NAU, 37, 154 (in Ukrainian).
15. Povidomlennja NAAN Ukrai'ny (2016). Naukovci Akademii' – pro stvoreni nymy vysokovrozhajni sorty ta gibrydy sil's'kogospodars'kyh kul'tur i perspektyvy ukrai'ns'kogo agropromyslovogo kompleksu. [Scientists of the Academy - about the high-yielding varieties and hybrids of agricultural crops created by them and the prospects of the Ukrainian agro-industrial complex]. [Electronic resource]. Access mode: http://www.nas.gov.ua/UA/Messages/Pages/View.aspx?MessageID=2683 (in Ukrainian).
16. Bіlodіd, I. K. (ed.) (1970–1980). Slovnik ukraїns’koї movi: v 11 tt. [Dictionary of Ukrainian language: in 11 vols]. Naukova dumka, Kiev (in Ukrainian).
17. Symonenko, T. V. (2019). Sortoonovlennja ta sortozamіna – shljah do pіdvishhennja efektivnostі viroshhuvannja sіl's'kogospodars'kih kul'tur [Variety renewal and variety replacement – a way to increase the efficiency of growing crops]. [Electronic resource]. Access mode:https://pereyaslav-rda.gov.ua/news/2019/9933-sortoonovlennia-ta-sortozamina-shliakh-do-pidvyshchennia-efektyvnosti-vyroshchuvannia-silskohospodarskykh-kultur (in Ukrainian).
18. Vavilov, N. I., & Dunin, M. S. (1946). Immunogenez i ego prakticheskoe ispol'zovanie [Immunogenesis and its practical use]. Latgosizdat, Riga (in Russian).
19. Jevtushenko, M. D., Pantelєєv, V. K., Sljusarenko, O. M., & Lіsovij, M. P. (2004). Іmunіtet roslin [Plant immunity]. Kolobіg, Kiїv (in Ukrainian).
20. Dmitrієv, O. P. (2006). Sekreti roslinnogo іmunіtetu [Secrets of plant immunity]. «Svіtogljad», 2(4), 55–57 (in Ukrainian).
21. Kljuchevich, M. M., Moskalec', V. V., & Moskalec', T. Z. (2017). Ocіnka urazhennja sortіv tritikale ozimogo zbudnikami gribnih hvorob [Rating lesions of winter triticale varieties by fungal pathogens]. V Mіzhnar. nauk.-prakt. konf. Organіchne virobnictvo і prodovol'cha bezpeka. ZhNAEU, Zhitomir (in Ukrainian).
22. Shapiro, I. D., Vilkova, N. A., & Slepjan, Je. I. (1986). Immunitet rastenij k vrediteljam i boleznjam [Plant immunity to pests and diseases]. Agropromizdat, Leningrad (in Russian).
23. Petrenkova, V. P., Luchna, І. S., & Borovs'ka, І. Ju. (2016). Zalezhnіst' fіtosanіtarnogo stanu posіvіv pshenicі ozimoї vіd pogodnih umov [Dependence of phytosanitary condition of winter wheat crops on weather conditions]. Vіsnik Centru naukovogo zabezpechennja agropromislovogo virobnictva Harkіvs'koї oblastі, 20, 60–68 (in Ukrainian).
24. Singh, R. P., Singh, P. K., Rutkoski, J., Hodson, D. P., He, X., Jørgensen, L. N., Hovmøller, M. S., & Huerta-Espino J. (2016). Disease impact on wheat yield potential and prospects of genetic control. Annual Review of Phytopathology, (54)1, 303–322. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-phyto-080615-095835
25. Petrenkova, V. P., Chernjaeva, І. R., Markova, T. Ju., Vus, Є. A., & Klimenko, І. І. (2014). Fіtosanіtarnij stan [Phytosanitary condition]. Karantin і zahist roslin, 8, 6–8 (in Ukrainian).
26. Gricjuk, N. V. (2013). Stіjkіst' sortіv pshenicі ozimoї proti fuzarіoznoї іnfekcії zarіznih strokіv urazhennja [Resistance of winter wheat varieties against fusarium wilt infection]. Karantin і zahist roslin, 10, 2-3 (in Ukrainian).
27. Ret'man, S. V., & Mihajlenko, S. V. (2008). Ozima pshenicja: zahist posіvіv vіd hvorob [Winter wheat: protection of crops from diseases]. Karantin і zahist roslin, 11, 1–4 (in Ukrainian).
28. Foulkes, M. J., Sylvester-Bradley, R., & Scott, R. K. (1998). Evidence for differences between winter wheat cultivars in acquisition of soil mineral nitrogen and uptake and utilization of applied fertilizer nitrogen. Journal of Agricultural Science, 130, 29–44.
29. Valizadeh, G. R., Rengel, Z., & Rate, A. W. (2002). Wheat genotypes differ in growth and phosphorus uptake when supplied with different sources and rates of phosphorus banded or mixed in soil in pots. Austrialian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 42, 1103–1111.
30. Anderson, W. K., Seymour, M., & D’Antuono, M. F. (1991). Evidence for differences between cultivars in responsiveness of wheat to applied nitrogen. Austrialian Journal of Agricultural Research, 42, 363–377.
31. Lafitte, H. R., & Edmeades, G. O. (1994). Improvement for tolerance to low soil nitrogen in tropical maize. II. Grain yield, biomass production, and N accumulation. Field Crops Research, 39, 15–25.
32. Line, R. F. (2002). Stripe rust of wheat and barley in North America: a retrospective historical review. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 40, 75–118
33. Blazkova, V., & Bartos, P. (2002). Virulence pattern of European bunt samples (Tilletia tritici and T. laevis) and sources of resistance. Cereal Research Communications, 30, 335–342.
34. Wächter, R., Waldow, F., Müller, K. J, Spiess, H., Heyden, B., Furth, U., & Koch, E. (2007). Charakterisierung der Resistenz von Winterweizensorten und – zuchtlinien gegenüber Steinbrand (Tilletia tritici) und Zwergsteinbrand (T. controversa). Nachrichtenbl. Deut. Pflanzenschutzd, 59 (2), 30–39
35. Vavilov, N. I. (1964). Problemy immuniteta kul'turnyh rastenij [Problems of immunity of cultivated plants]. Izbrannye trudy, 4. Nauka, Leningrad (in Russian).
36. Vavilov, N. I. (1967). Nauchnye osnovy selekcii pshenicy [Scientific bases of wheat selection]. Izbrannye proizvedenija, 2. Nauka, Leningrad (in Russian).
37. Luk'janenko, P. P. (1972). Dostizhenija i perspektivy v selekcii ozimoj pshenicy [Achievements and prospects in the selection of winter wheat]. Tez. Doklada II sezda VOGiSim. N. I. Vavilova. Nauka, Moskva (in Russian).
38. Knott, D. R. (1961). The inheritance of rust resistance. IV. The transfer of stem rust resistance from Agropyron elongatum to common wheat, 1, 147.
39. Lewis, C. M., Persoons, A., Bebber, D. P., Kigathi, R. N., Maintz, J., Findlay, K., Bueno-Sancho, V., Corredor-Moreno, P., Harrington, S. A., Kangara, N., Berlin, A., García, R., Germán, S. E., Hanzalová, A., Hodson, D. P., Hovmøller, M. S., Huerta-Espino, J., Imtiaz, M., Mirza, J. I., & Saunders, D. G. O. (2018). Potential for re-emergence of wheat stem rust in the United Kingdom. Communications Biology, 1(1), 13. doi: 10.1038/s42003-018-0013-y
40. Zhao, J., Wang, M., Chen, X., & Kang, Z. (2016) Role of alternate hosts in epidemiology and pathogen variation of cereal rusts. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 54, 207–228.
41. Vanloqueren, G., & Baret, P. V. (2008). Why are ecological, low-input, multi-resistant wheat cultivars slow to develop commercially? A Belgian agricultural‘lock in’case study. Ecological Economics, 66, 436–446.
42. Monastyrskij, O. A. (2006). Toksinoobrazujushhie griby i mikotoksin [Toxin-forming fungi and mycotoxin]. Zashhita i karantin rastenij, 11, 8–10 (in Russian).
43. Nazarova, L. N., Motovilin, A. A., Korneva, L. G., & Sanin, S. S. (2006). Progressirujushhie bolezni ozimoj i jarovoj pshenicy [Progressive diseases of winter and spring wheat]. Zashhita i karantin rastenij, 7, 12–14 (in Russian).
44. Sanin, S. S. (2004). Vlijanie vrednyh organizmov na kachestvo zerna [Influence of harmful organisms on grain quality]. Zashhita rastenij, 11, 14–18 (in Russian).
45. Ret'man, S. V. (2010). Pljamistostі ozimoї pshenicі. Poshirennja shkіdlivіst' ta konceptual'nі osnovi zahistu [Spots of winter wheat. The spread of malware and the conceptual framework of protection]. Koloobіg, Kiїv (in Ukrainian).
46. Ret'man, S. V., Kislih, T. M., & Shevchuk, O. V. (2014). Dinamіka rozvitku hvorob listja pshenicі ozimoї [Dynamics of winter wheat leaf disease]. Karantin і zahist roslin, 10, 6–8 (in Ukrainian).
47. Muha, T. І., Murashko, L. A., & Mar’jushkina, V. Ja. (2020). Sorti pshenicі ozimoї іz grupovoju stіjkіstju proti hvorob dlja Lіsostepu Ukraїni [Varieties of winter wheat with group resistance to diseases for the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine]. Agronom, 2, 64–66 (in Ukrainian).
48. ALFA Science. Enciklopedіja shkіdlivih ob'єktіv (Hvorobi zernovih kolosovih kul'tur). Letjucha sazhka. [Electronic resource]. Access mode: https://alfasmartagro.com/alfa-science/harmful_objects/diseases_cereals/letyucha_sazhka/ (in Ukrainian).
49. SuperAgronom / Pіrenoforoz, zhovta pljamistіst' [Yellow leaf spot]. [Electronic resource]. Access mode: https://superagronom.com/hvorobi-grib/pirenoforoz-jovta-plyamistist-pshenitsya-id16372 (in Ukrainian).
50. Ret'man, S. V, Shevchuk, O. V, & Gorbachova, N. P. (2011). Hvorobi listja і kolosa [Diseases of leaves and ears]. Karantin і zahist roslin, 4, 25–27 (in Ukrainian).
51. Mihal'chishena, N. A. (2019). Korenevі gnilі zernovih kul'tur [Root rot of cereals]. [Electronic resource]. Access mode: https://consumerhm.gov.ua/1278-korenevi-gnili-zernovikh-kultur (in Ukrainian).
52. Novohatka, V. G., Vlasenko, V. A., & Doroshenko, N. V. (1983). K izucheniju ustojchivosti sortoobrazcov ozimoj pshenicy k kornevoj gnili Cercosporella herpotrichoides Fron. (Selekcija i osobennosti agrotehniki pshenicy) [To study the resistance of winter wheat cultivars to root rot Cercosporella herpotrichoides Fron. (Selection and features of wheat farming techniques)]. Sb. nauch. tr. Mironovskij NII sel. i semen. pshen, 110–114 (in Russian).
53. SuperAgronom. Zvichajna koreneva gnil' [Common root rot]. [Electronic resource]. Access mode: https://superagronom.com/hvorobi-grib/zvichayna-koreneva-gnil-pshenitsya-yariy-yachmin-id16356 (in Ukrainian).
54. ALFA Science. Enciklopedіja shkіdlivih ob'єktіv (Hvorobi zernovih kolosovih kul'tur). Zvichajna koreneva gnil'. [Electronic resource]. Access mode: https://alfasmartagro.com/alfa-science/harmful_objects/diseases_cereals/zvichayna_koreneva_gnil/ (in Ukrainian).
55. LNZweb (2019). Ofіobul'ozna koreneva gnil' [Ofiobolic root rot]. [Electronic resource]. Access mode: https://lnzweb.com/ru/blog/of-obolozna-koreneva-gnil (in Ukrainian).
56. Rozora, L., & Sekretar, J. (2017). Vchasna dіagnostika jak zasіb poperedzhennja іntensivnogo rozvitku korenevih gnilej zernovih kul'tur [Timely diagnosis as a means of preventing the intensive development of root rot of cereals]. [Electronic resource]. Access mode:https://www.syngenta.ua/news/zernovi/vchasna-diagnostika-yak-zasib-poperedzhennya-intensivnogo-rozvitku-korenevih-gniley (in Ukrainian).
57. Wang, Z., Li, H., Zhang, D., Guo, L., Chen, J., Chen, Y., Wu, Q., Xie, J., Zhang, Y., Sun, Q., Dvorak, J., Ming-cheng, L., & Zhiyong, L. (2015). Genetic and physical mapping of powdery mildew resistance gene MlHLT in Chinese wheat landrace Hulutou. Theor Appl Genet, 128, 365–373. doi: 10.1007/s00122-014-2436-2
58. Novohatka, V. G. (1983). Sozdanie ishodnogo materiala dlja selekcii ozimoj pshenicy, ustojchivogo k muchnistoj rose (Erusіphe gratіpіs Ds. F. Sr. trіtіsі Magshal.) [Creation of a source material for selection of the winter wheat steady against a powdery mildew (Erusiphe gratipis Ds. F. Sr. tritisi Magshal)]. Nauchnye trudy Mironovskogo instituta pshenicy imeni V. M. Remesla, 9, 116–126 (in Russian).
59. Krivchenko, V. I. (1980). Izuchenie ustojchivosti zlakovyh kul'tur k muchnistoj rose : metodicheskie ukazanija [Study of the resistance of cereals to powdery mildew: guidelines.]. Leningrad, 78 (in Russian).
60. Neklesa, N. P., Bystrickaja, V. N., & Srizhekozin, Ju. A. (1990). Prognoz srokov pojavlenija muchnistoj rosy, ee vredonosnosti i zashhita ozimoj pshenicy ot boleznej: rekomendacii [Forecast of the timing of the appearance of powdery mildew, its harmfulness and protection of winter wheat from diseases: recommendations]. Moskva, 23 (in Russian).
61. Tribel', S. O. (2004). Stіjkі sorti. Radikal'ne rozv’jazannja problemi zmenshennja vtrat urozhaїv vіd shkіdlivih organіzmіv [Resistant varieties. Radical solution to the problem of reducing crop losses from pests]. Karantin і zahist roslin, 6, 6–7 (in Ukrainian).
62. Os'machko, O. M., Vlasenko, V. A., Bakumenko, O. M., Je, Тao, & Oshomok, T. V. (2019). Ocіnka stіjkostі do boroshnistoї rosi zrazkіv Triticum aestivum L. [Estimation of resistance to powdery mildew of samples of Triticum aestivum L.]. 4th WWSRRN CIMMYT v umovah pіvnіchno-shіdnogo lіsostepu Ukraїni. Genetichnі resursi roslin, 24, 74 (in Ukrainian).
63. Kosilovich, G. O., & Kononenko, Ju. M. (2010). Porіvnjal'na harakteristika genetichnoї strukturi populjacії zbudnika boroshnistoї rosi jachmenju v Lіsostepu Ukraїni [Comparative characteristics of the genetic structure of the population of the pathogen of barley powdery mildew in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine]. Mіzhvіdomchij tematichnij zbіrnik zahist і karantin roslin, 56, 81–89 (in Ukrainian).
64. Ret'man, S. V., Kislih, T. M., & Shevchuk, O. V. (2014). Karlikova sazhka pshenicі ozimoї [Dwarf smut of winter wheat]. Karantin і zahist roslin, 2, 1–3 (in Ukrainian).
65. Sandec'ka, N. V., & Topchіj, T. V. (2014). Efektivnіst' sumіsnogo zastosuvannja fungіcidіv і pozakorenevoї obrobki dobrivami v zahistі ozimoї pshenicі vіd gribnih zahvorjuvan' [The effectiveness of the combined use of fungicides and foliar fertilization in the protection of winter wheat from fungal diseases]. Fiziologija rastenij i genetika, (46), 2, 171–178 (in Ukrainian).
66. Babajanc, O. V., & Babajanc, L. T. (2014). Osnovy selekcii i metodologija ocenok ustojchivosti pshenicy k vozbuditeljam boleznej [Fundamentals of selection and methodology for assessing the resistance of wheat to pathogens]. VMV, Odessa (in Russian).
67. El Klifi, Oum., Chamlal, Hakita, Sharma, Hari & Benlhabib, Ouafac. (2003). Interspecific cross between durum wheat and Aegilops geniculata to transfer resistanceto bassian fly (Mayetiola destructor Say.). Acta bot. malas, 28,149–154.
68. Somers, D. J., Fedak, G., Clarke, J. & Wenguang, C. (2006). Mapping of FHB resistance QTLs in tetraploid wheat. Genome, 49, 586–1593.
69. Afanas'eva, O. G., Golosna, L. M., Lіsova, G. M., Bojko, І. A., & Kucherova, L. O. (2015). Donori ta dzherela stіjkostі pshenicі ozimoї proti osnovnih zbudnikіv gribnih hvorob [Donors and sources of resistance of winter wheat against the main pathogens of fungal diseases]. Mіzhvіdomchij tematichnij zbіrnik zahist і karantin roslin, 61, 30–39 (in Ukrainian).
70. Leonov, O. Ju. (2010). Zakonomіrnostі projavu oznaki stіjkostі do boroshnistoї rosi sered zrazkіv genofondu pshenicі m'jakoї [Regularities of manifestation of the sign of resistance to powdery mildew among the samples of the gene pool of bread wheat]. Zbіrnik naukovih prac' SGІ-NCNS, 6(56), 208–220 (in Ukrainian).
71. Afanas'yeva, O. G. (2015). Stіjkіst' sortozrazkіv pshenicі ozimoї proti zbudnika cerkosporel'ozu [Resistance of winter wheat cultivars against the pathogen cercosporelosis]. Karantin і zahist roslin, 6, 35 (in Ukrainian).
72. Meyer, M., Burgin, L., Hort, M. C., Hodson, D. P., & Gilligan, C. A. (2017a). Large scale atmospheric dispersal simulations identify likely airborne incursion routes of wheat stem rust into Ethiopia Phytopathology, 107(10), 1175-1186. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-01-17-0035-FI
73. Meyer M., Cox J. A., Hitchings M. D. T., Burgin L., Hort M. C., Hodson D. P., & Gilligan C. A. (2017b). Quantifying airborne dispersal routes of pathogens over continents to safeguard global wheat supply Nat. Plants 3(10), 780‒786. doi: 10.1038/s41477-017-0017-5
74. Visser, B., Meyer, M., Park, R. F., Gilligan, C. A., Burgin, L. E., Hort, M. C., Hodson, D. P., & Pretorius, Z. A. (2019). Microsatellite analysis and urediniospore dispersal simulations support the movement of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici from southern Africa to Australia Phytopathology, 109(1), 133‒144. doi: 10.1094/phyto-04-18-0110-r
75. Figueroa, M., Hammond‐Kosack, K. E., & Solomon, P. S. (2018). A review of wheat diseases‐a field perspective. Molecular Plant Pathology, 19(6), 1523-1536. doi: 10.1111/mpp.12618
76. Wan, A., Wang, X., Kang, Z., & Chen, X. (2017) Variability of the Stripe Rust Pathogen. In: Chen X., Kang Z. (eds) Stripe Rust. Springer, Dordrecht., 35–154. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1111-9_2
77. Ali, S., Rodriguez‐Algaba, J., Thach, T., Sørensen, C. K., Hansen, J. G., & Lassen, P. (2017) Yellow rust epidemics worldwide were caused by pathogen races from divergent genetic lineages. Frontiers in Plant Science, 8, 1057. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01057
78. Moskalec', T. V., Kljuchevich, M. M., & Moskalec', V. V. (2015). Stіjkіst' ozimih tritikale і pshenicі m'jakoї proti Puccinia recondite Dietel & Holw [Stability winter triticale and bread wheat against Puccinia recondite Dietel & Holw]. Karantin і zahist roslin, 6, 1–3 (in Ukrainian).
79. Dermenko, O. P., Panchenko, Ju. S., & Gavriljuk, L. L. (2013). Zahist pshenicі ozimoї vіd buroї listkovoї іrzhі [Protection of winter wheat from brown leaf rust]. Karantin і zahist roslin, 5, 9–11 (in Ukrainian).
80. Kohmetova, A. M., & Atishova, M. N. (2012). Identifikacija istochnikov ustojchivosti k steblevoj rzhavchine pshenicy s ispol'zovaniem molekuljarnyh markerov [Identification of sources of resistance to stem rust of wheat using molecular markers]. Vavilovskij zhurnal genetiki i selekcii. 16(1), 132–141 (in Russian).
81. Peresipkіn, V. F. (2000). Sіl's'kogospodars'ka fіtopatologіja [Agricultural phytopathology]. Agrarna osvіta, Kiїv (in Ukrainian).
82. Vlasenko, V. A., Os'machko, O. M., & Bakumenko, O. M. (2014). Stіjkіst' sortіv pshenicі ozimoї proti buroї іrzhі v umovah pіvnіchno-shіdnogo Lіsostepu Ukraїni [Resistance of winter wheat varieties against brown rust in the conditions of the north-eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine]. Tezi dopovіdej derzhavnoї nauk.-prakt. konf. Novіtnі tehnologії v roslinnictvі. BNAU, Bіla Cerkva (in Ukrainian).
83. Peresypkin, V. F., Kirik, N. N., & Lesovoj, M. P. (1990) Bolezni sel'hohozjajstvennyh kul'tur [Diseases of agricultural crops]. (T.1). Urozhaj, Kiev (in Russian).
84. McDonald, B. A., & Linde, C. (2002). Pathogen population genetics, evolutionary potential, anddurable resistance. Ann. Rev. Phytopathol, 40(1), 349‒379.
85. Lіsova, G. M. (1999). Markeri genіv stіjkostі pshenicі proti zbudnika buroї іrzhі і їh vikoristannja pri stvorennі sortіv, stіjkih proti hvorobi [Markers of genes for resistance of wheat against the pathogen of brown rust and their use in the creation of varieties resistant to disease]. Zahist roslin, 11, 10–11 (in Ukrainian).
86. Singh, R. P., & Rajaram, S. (2002). Breeding for disease resistance in wheat. In: Bread wheat.Improvement and production. FAO plant production and protection series. Rome, 30, 141–156.
87. Kirichenko, V. V., & Petrenkova, V. P. (2012). ta іnshі. Osnovi selekcії pol'ovih kul'tur na stіjkіst' do shkіdlivih organіzmіv [Fundamentals of selection of field crops for resistance to pests], Harkіv (in Ukrainian).
88. Jevtushenko, M. D., Marjutіna, F. M., Turenko, V. P., Zherebko, V. M., & Sekun, M. P. (2004). Fіtofarmakologіja [Phytopharmacology]. Vishha osvіta, Kyiv (in Ukrainian).
89. Walther, H. (1989). Septoria – Resistenz als quantitative und stadienbedingte Resistenz. Slechteni psenice na odolnost proti chorobam: sbornic referatu s porady o slechteni psenice na rezistenci proti chorobam, konane ve Srupicich ve dnech 14‒16. 3. 1988 v ramci tristzanne spoluprace ve slechteni psenice, NDR-PLR-CSSR-Stupicе, 71–98.
90. Markov, І. L. (1998). Praktikum іz sіl's'kogospodars'koї fіtopatologії [Workshop on agricultural phytopathology]. Urozhaj, Kiїv (in Ukrainian).
91. Tarr, S. (1975). Osnovy patologii rastenij [Fundamentals of plant pathology]. Mir, Moskva (in Russian).
92. Thomas, M. R., Cook, R. J., & King, J. E. (1989). Factors affecting development of Septjria tritici in winter wheat and its effect on yield. Plant Pathol, (38)4, 246–257. doi: 10.1016/0168-1699(94)90022-1
93. Petrenkova, V. P., Chernjaeva, І. M., Chernobaj, L. M., & Vus, Je. A. (2004). Vihіdnij materіal dlja selekcії ozimoї ta jaroї pshenicі do septorіozu [Source material for selection of winter and spring wheat for septoria]. Vіsnik HNAU, Harkіv, 5, 83–86 (in Ukrainian).
94. Petrenkova, V. P., Chernjaeva, І. M., & Markova, T. Ju. (2004). Nasіnnieva іnfekcіja pol'ovih kul'tur [Seed infection of field crops]. Naukovі pracі Іnstitutu roslinnictva іm. V. Ja. Jur'eva, Harkіv (in Ukrainian).
95. Kovalishina, G. M. (2014). Stіjkіst' sortіv pshenicі ozimoї proti hvorob [Resistance of winter wheat varieties against diseases]. Mіzhvіdomchij tematichnij zbіrnik zahist і karantin roslin, 60, 151‒158 (in Ukrainian).
96. Kovalishina, G. M. (2005). Harakteristika Mironіvs'kih sortіv ozimoї pshenicі zastіjkіstju shhodo hvorob [Characteristics of Myronivka varieties of winter wheat resistant to diseases]. Mіzhvіdomchij tematichnij zbіrnik zahist і karantin roslin, 51, 43–49 (in Ukrainian).
97. Leonov, O. Ju., Zaharova, N. M., Strel'cova, І. B., Moroz, N. V., & Babushkіna, T. V. (2004). Skrinіng kolekcії ozimoї m'jakoї pshenicі za stіjkіstju do septorіozu (Septoria tritica Rob. Et Desm.) [Screening of winter soft wheat collection for resistance to septoria (Septoria tritica Rob. Et Desm.)]. Selekcіja ta nasіnnictvo, 88, 9–11 (in Ukrainian).
98. Lіsovij, M. P., & Lіsova, G. M. (2015). Shljahi zmіni patogennostі gribіv – zbudnikіv hvorob roslin [Ways to change the pathogenicity of fungi – pathogens of plant diseases]. Mіzhvіdomchij tematichnij zbіrnik zahist і karantin roslin, 61, 8–197 (in Ukrainian).
99. Marjutіn, F. M., & Ravashdeh, Z. B. (2002). Septorіozna pljamistіst' listja [Septoria leaf spot]. Zahist roslin, 8, 4–5 (in Ukrainian).
100. Petrenkova, V. P., Rabinovich, S. V., Chernjaeva, І. M., & Chernobaj, L. M. (2004). Genetichna stіjkіst' ozimoї ta jaroї pshenic' do listovih hvorob [Genetic resistance of winter and spring wheat to leaf diseases]. Selekcіja і nasіnnictvo: mіzhvіd. temat nauk. Zbіrnik, 88, 116–127 (in Ukrainian).
101. Chernjaeva, I. N., & Muraeva, E. V. (1992). Poisk istochnikov ustojchivosti dlja selekcii septoriozoustojchivyh sortov ozimoj pshenicy [Search for sources of resistance for breeding septoria-resistant varieties of winter wheat]. Tez. dokl. Mezhdun. semin: Upravlenie geneticheskoj izmenchivost'ju sel'skozjajstvennyh rastenij, Jalta, 52–53 (in Russian).
102. Lіsovij, M. P., & Lіsova, G. M. (2004). Osoblivostі stіjkostі prirodnih fіtocenozіv protipatogenu ta shljahi її vikoristannja v selekcії sіl's'kogospodars'kih kul'tur [Features of resistance of natural phytocenoses of antipathogen and ways of its use in selection of agricultural crops]. zb. tez dop. mіzhnar. nauk.-prakt. konf Іntegrovanij zahist roslin na pochatku. Kolobіg, Kiїv 673–678 (in Ukrainian).
103. Lіsovij, M. P., & Lіsova, G. M. (2004). Metodichnі osnovi stvorennja shtuchnih іnfekcіjnih fonіv patogenіv v selekcії na stіjkіst' [Methodical bases of creation of artificial infectious backgrounds of pathogens in selection on resistance]. Mіzhvіdomchij tematichnij zbіrnik zahist і karantin roslin, 50, 41–51 (in Ukrainian).
104. Monastyrskij, O. A. (2003). Biozashhita zernovyh kul'tur ot toksikogennyh mikroorganizmov [Bioprotection crops from toxicogenic microorganisms]. Zashhita i karantin rastenij, 2, 5–8 (in Russian).
105. Eyal, Z., Amiri, Z., & Wahl, J. (1973). Physiologic specialization of Septoria tritici. Phytopathology, (63), 1087‒1091. doi: 10.1094/Phyto-63-1087.
106. Demydov, O., Muha, T., & Gumenjuk, O. (2019). Stіjkіst' novih sortіv ozimoї pshenicі proti listkovih hvorob [Resistance of new varieties of winter wheat against leaf diseases]. «Propozycija», 9. [Electronic resource]. Access mode: https://propozitsiya.com/ua/stiykist-novyh-sortiv-ozymoyi-pshenyci-proty-lystkovyh-hvorob
107. Dac'ko, L. V. (2019). Stіjkіst' novih sortіv roslin do starih hvorob [Resistance of new plant varieties to old diseases]. [Electronic resource]. Access mode: http://integro.co.ua/stijkist-novih-sortiv-roslin-do-starih-hvorob/
2. Remeslo, V. M., & Sajko, V. F. (1975). Sortova agrotehnіka pshenicі [Varietal agricultural machinery of wheat]. Urozhaj, Kiїv (in Ukrainian).
3. Bakumenko, O. M., Os'machko, O. M., & Vlasenko, V. A. (2019). Kombinacijna zdatnist' sortiv pshenyci ozymoi' Kryzhynka ta Smugljanka [Combination ability winter wheat varieties Kryzhynka and Smuhlyanka]. VVP «Mrija-1», Sumy (in Ukrainian).
4. National Geographic. What the world eats, (2019). Retrieved April 2009. [Electronic resource]. Access mode: https://www.nationalgeographic.com/what-the-world-eats/
5. Еkonomichnyj dyskusijnyj klub (2016). Dinamіka ta perspektivi rozvitku rinku organіchnoї produkcії v svіtі ta v Ukraїnі [Dynamics and prospects of development of the market of organic products in the world and in Ukraine.]. http://edclub.com.ua/analityka/dynamika-ta-perspektyvy-rozvytku-rynku-organichnoyi-produkciyi-v-sviti-ta-v-ukrayini (in Ukrainian).
6. Seufert, V., Ramankuttyab, N., & Mayerhoferd T. (2017). What is this thing called organic? – How organic farming is codified in regulations. Food Policy, (68)11, 10–20. doi:org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2016.12.009/.
7. Fedorenko, V., & Ret'man, S. (2009). Aktual'nі pitannja zahistu posіvіv. [Current issues of crop protection]. Karantyn i zahyst roslyn, (3), 1‒5 (in Ukrainian).
8. Karen M Nielsen, (2019). Organic Farming. Encyclopedia of Ecology, (4)2, 550–558. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-409548-9.10603-7
9. Litterick, A. M., & Watson, C. A. (2017). Organic Farming. Encyclopedia of Applied Plant Sciences, (3)2, 311‒317. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-394807-6.00004-6.
10. Lammerts van Bueren, E. T., Struik, P. C., & Jacobsen, E. (2002). Ecological concepts in organic farming and their consequences for an organic crop ideotype. Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science, 50, 1–26.
11. Murphy, K. M., Campbell, K. G., Lyon, S. R., & Jones, S. S. (2007), Evidence of varietal adaptation to organic farming system. Field Crops Research, 102, 172–177.
12. Wolfe, M. S., Baresel, J. P., Desclaux, D, Goldringer, I., Hoad, S., Kovacs, G., & Lammerts van Bueren, E. T. (2008). Developments in breeding cereals for organic agriculture. Euphytica, 163, 323‒346.
13. Shamanin, V., Salina, E., Wanyera, R., Zelenskiy, Y., Olivera, P., & Morgounov, A. (2016). Genetic diversity of spring wheat from Kazakhstan and Russia for resistance to stem rust Ug99. Euphytica, (212)10, 287–296. doi: 10.1007/s10681-016-1769-0
14. Vologdіna, G., & Zamlіla, N. (2006). Produkcіjnij proces ta adaptivnіst' u novih sortіv ta lіnіj pshenicі ozimoї [Production process and adaptability in new varieties and lines of winter wheat]. Visnyk Bіlocerkіvs'kogo NAU, 37, 154 (in Ukrainian).
15. Povidomlennja NAAN Ukrai'ny (2016). Naukovci Akademii' – pro stvoreni nymy vysokovrozhajni sorty ta gibrydy sil's'kogospodars'kyh kul'tur i perspektyvy ukrai'ns'kogo agropromyslovogo kompleksu. [Scientists of the Academy - about the high-yielding varieties and hybrids of agricultural crops created by them and the prospects of the Ukrainian agro-industrial complex]. [Electronic resource]. Access mode: http://www.nas.gov.ua/UA/Messages/Pages/View.aspx?MessageID=2683 (in Ukrainian).
16. Bіlodіd, I. K. (ed.) (1970–1980). Slovnik ukraїns’koї movi: v 11 tt. [Dictionary of Ukrainian language: in 11 vols]. Naukova dumka, Kiev (in Ukrainian).
17. Symonenko, T. V. (2019). Sortoonovlennja ta sortozamіna – shljah do pіdvishhennja efektivnostі viroshhuvannja sіl's'kogospodars'kih kul'tur [Variety renewal and variety replacement – a way to increase the efficiency of growing crops]. [Electronic resource]. Access mode:https://pereyaslav-rda.gov.ua/news/2019/9933-sortoonovlennia-ta-sortozamina-shliakh-do-pidvyshchennia-efektyvnosti-vyroshchuvannia-silskohospodarskykh-kultur (in Ukrainian).
18. Vavilov, N. I., & Dunin, M. S. (1946). Immunogenez i ego prakticheskoe ispol'zovanie [Immunogenesis and its practical use]. Latgosizdat, Riga (in Russian).
19. Jevtushenko, M. D., Pantelєєv, V. K., Sljusarenko, O. M., & Lіsovij, M. P. (2004). Іmunіtet roslin [Plant immunity]. Kolobіg, Kiїv (in Ukrainian).
20. Dmitrієv, O. P. (2006). Sekreti roslinnogo іmunіtetu [Secrets of plant immunity]. «Svіtogljad», 2(4), 55–57 (in Ukrainian).
21. Kljuchevich, M. M., Moskalec', V. V., & Moskalec', T. Z. (2017). Ocіnka urazhennja sortіv tritikale ozimogo zbudnikami gribnih hvorob [Rating lesions of winter triticale varieties by fungal pathogens]. V Mіzhnar. nauk.-prakt. konf. Organіchne virobnictvo і prodovol'cha bezpeka. ZhNAEU, Zhitomir (in Ukrainian).
22. Shapiro, I. D., Vilkova, N. A., & Slepjan, Je. I. (1986). Immunitet rastenij k vrediteljam i boleznjam [Plant immunity to pests and diseases]. Agropromizdat, Leningrad (in Russian).
23. Petrenkova, V. P., Luchna, І. S., & Borovs'ka, І. Ju. (2016). Zalezhnіst' fіtosanіtarnogo stanu posіvіv pshenicі ozimoї vіd pogodnih umov [Dependence of phytosanitary condition of winter wheat crops on weather conditions]. Vіsnik Centru naukovogo zabezpechennja agropromislovogo virobnictva Harkіvs'koї oblastі, 20, 60–68 (in Ukrainian).
24. Singh, R. P., Singh, P. K., Rutkoski, J., Hodson, D. P., He, X., Jørgensen, L. N., Hovmøller, M. S., & Huerta-Espino J. (2016). Disease impact on wheat yield potential and prospects of genetic control. Annual Review of Phytopathology, (54)1, 303–322. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-phyto-080615-095835
25. Petrenkova, V. P., Chernjaeva, І. R., Markova, T. Ju., Vus, Є. A., & Klimenko, І. І. (2014). Fіtosanіtarnij stan [Phytosanitary condition]. Karantin і zahist roslin, 8, 6–8 (in Ukrainian).
26. Gricjuk, N. V. (2013). Stіjkіst' sortіv pshenicі ozimoї proti fuzarіoznoї іnfekcії zarіznih strokіv urazhennja [Resistance of winter wheat varieties against fusarium wilt infection]. Karantin і zahist roslin, 10, 2-3 (in Ukrainian).
27. Ret'man, S. V., & Mihajlenko, S. V. (2008). Ozima pshenicja: zahist posіvіv vіd hvorob [Winter wheat: protection of crops from diseases]. Karantin і zahist roslin, 11, 1–4 (in Ukrainian).
28. Foulkes, M. J., Sylvester-Bradley, R., & Scott, R. K. (1998). Evidence for differences between winter wheat cultivars in acquisition of soil mineral nitrogen and uptake and utilization of applied fertilizer nitrogen. Journal of Agricultural Science, 130, 29–44.
29. Valizadeh, G. R., Rengel, Z., & Rate, A. W. (2002). Wheat genotypes differ in growth and phosphorus uptake when supplied with different sources and rates of phosphorus banded or mixed in soil in pots. Austrialian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 42, 1103–1111.
30. Anderson, W. K., Seymour, M., & D’Antuono, M. F. (1991). Evidence for differences between cultivars in responsiveness of wheat to applied nitrogen. Austrialian Journal of Agricultural Research, 42, 363–377.
31. Lafitte, H. R., & Edmeades, G. O. (1994). Improvement for tolerance to low soil nitrogen in tropical maize. II. Grain yield, biomass production, and N accumulation. Field Crops Research, 39, 15–25.
32. Line, R. F. (2002). Stripe rust of wheat and barley in North America: a retrospective historical review. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 40, 75–118
33. Blazkova, V., & Bartos, P. (2002). Virulence pattern of European bunt samples (Tilletia tritici and T. laevis) and sources of resistance. Cereal Research Communications, 30, 335–342.
34. Wächter, R., Waldow, F., Müller, K. J, Spiess, H., Heyden, B., Furth, U., & Koch, E. (2007). Charakterisierung der Resistenz von Winterweizensorten und – zuchtlinien gegenüber Steinbrand (Tilletia tritici) und Zwergsteinbrand (T. controversa). Nachrichtenbl. Deut. Pflanzenschutzd, 59 (2), 30–39
35. Vavilov, N. I. (1964). Problemy immuniteta kul'turnyh rastenij [Problems of immunity of cultivated plants]. Izbrannye trudy, 4. Nauka, Leningrad (in Russian).
36. Vavilov, N. I. (1967). Nauchnye osnovy selekcii pshenicy [Scientific bases of wheat selection]. Izbrannye proizvedenija, 2. Nauka, Leningrad (in Russian).
37. Luk'janenko, P. P. (1972). Dostizhenija i perspektivy v selekcii ozimoj pshenicy [Achievements and prospects in the selection of winter wheat]. Tez. Doklada II sezda VOGiSim. N. I. Vavilova. Nauka, Moskva (in Russian).
38. Knott, D. R. (1961). The inheritance of rust resistance. IV. The transfer of stem rust resistance from Agropyron elongatum to common wheat, 1, 147.
39. Lewis, C. M., Persoons, A., Bebber, D. P., Kigathi, R. N., Maintz, J., Findlay, K., Bueno-Sancho, V., Corredor-Moreno, P., Harrington, S. A., Kangara, N., Berlin, A., García, R., Germán, S. E., Hanzalová, A., Hodson, D. P., Hovmøller, M. S., Huerta-Espino, J., Imtiaz, M., Mirza, J. I., & Saunders, D. G. O. (2018). Potential for re-emergence of wheat stem rust in the United Kingdom. Communications Biology, 1(1), 13. doi: 10.1038/s42003-018-0013-y
40. Zhao, J., Wang, M., Chen, X., & Kang, Z. (2016) Role of alternate hosts in epidemiology and pathogen variation of cereal rusts. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 54, 207–228.
41. Vanloqueren, G., & Baret, P. V. (2008). Why are ecological, low-input, multi-resistant wheat cultivars slow to develop commercially? A Belgian agricultural‘lock in’case study. Ecological Economics, 66, 436–446.
42. Monastyrskij, O. A. (2006). Toksinoobrazujushhie griby i mikotoksin [Toxin-forming fungi and mycotoxin]. Zashhita i karantin rastenij, 11, 8–10 (in Russian).
43. Nazarova, L. N., Motovilin, A. A., Korneva, L. G., & Sanin, S. S. (2006). Progressirujushhie bolezni ozimoj i jarovoj pshenicy [Progressive diseases of winter and spring wheat]. Zashhita i karantin rastenij, 7, 12–14 (in Russian).
44. Sanin, S. S. (2004). Vlijanie vrednyh organizmov na kachestvo zerna [Influence of harmful organisms on grain quality]. Zashhita rastenij, 11, 14–18 (in Russian).
45. Ret'man, S. V. (2010). Pljamistostі ozimoї pshenicі. Poshirennja shkіdlivіst' ta konceptual'nі osnovi zahistu [Spots of winter wheat. The spread of malware and the conceptual framework of protection]. Koloobіg, Kiїv (in Ukrainian).
46. Ret'man, S. V., Kislih, T. M., & Shevchuk, O. V. (2014). Dinamіka rozvitku hvorob listja pshenicі ozimoї [Dynamics of winter wheat leaf disease]. Karantin і zahist roslin, 10, 6–8 (in Ukrainian).
47. Muha, T. І., Murashko, L. A., & Mar’jushkina, V. Ja. (2020). Sorti pshenicі ozimoї іz grupovoju stіjkіstju proti hvorob dlja Lіsostepu Ukraїni [Varieties of winter wheat with group resistance to diseases for the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine]. Agronom, 2, 64–66 (in Ukrainian).
48. ALFA Science. Enciklopedіja shkіdlivih ob'єktіv (Hvorobi zernovih kolosovih kul'tur). Letjucha sazhka. [Electronic resource]. Access mode: https://alfasmartagro.com/alfa-science/harmful_objects/diseases_cereals/letyucha_sazhka/ (in Ukrainian).
49. SuperAgronom / Pіrenoforoz, zhovta pljamistіst' [Yellow leaf spot]. [Electronic resource]. Access mode: https://superagronom.com/hvorobi-grib/pirenoforoz-jovta-plyamistist-pshenitsya-id16372 (in Ukrainian).
50. Ret'man, S. V, Shevchuk, O. V, & Gorbachova, N. P. (2011). Hvorobi listja і kolosa [Diseases of leaves and ears]. Karantin і zahist roslin, 4, 25–27 (in Ukrainian).
51. Mihal'chishena, N. A. (2019). Korenevі gnilі zernovih kul'tur [Root rot of cereals]. [Electronic resource]. Access mode: https://consumerhm.gov.ua/1278-korenevi-gnili-zernovikh-kultur (in Ukrainian).
52. Novohatka, V. G., Vlasenko, V. A., & Doroshenko, N. V. (1983). K izucheniju ustojchivosti sortoobrazcov ozimoj pshenicy k kornevoj gnili Cercosporella herpotrichoides Fron. (Selekcija i osobennosti agrotehniki pshenicy) [To study the resistance of winter wheat cultivars to root rot Cercosporella herpotrichoides Fron. (Selection and features of wheat farming techniques)]. Sb. nauch. tr. Mironovskij NII sel. i semen. pshen, 110–114 (in Russian).
53. SuperAgronom. Zvichajna koreneva gnil' [Common root rot]. [Electronic resource]. Access mode: https://superagronom.com/hvorobi-grib/zvichayna-koreneva-gnil-pshenitsya-yariy-yachmin-id16356 (in Ukrainian).
54. ALFA Science. Enciklopedіja shkіdlivih ob'єktіv (Hvorobi zernovih kolosovih kul'tur). Zvichajna koreneva gnil'. [Electronic resource]. Access mode: https://alfasmartagro.com/alfa-science/harmful_objects/diseases_cereals/zvichayna_koreneva_gnil/ (in Ukrainian).
55. LNZweb (2019). Ofіobul'ozna koreneva gnil' [Ofiobolic root rot]. [Electronic resource]. Access mode: https://lnzweb.com/ru/blog/of-obolozna-koreneva-gnil (in Ukrainian).
56. Rozora, L., & Sekretar, J. (2017). Vchasna dіagnostika jak zasіb poperedzhennja іntensivnogo rozvitku korenevih gnilej zernovih kul'tur [Timely diagnosis as a means of preventing the intensive development of root rot of cereals]. [Electronic resource]. Access mode:https://www.syngenta.ua/news/zernovi/vchasna-diagnostika-yak-zasib-poperedzhennya-intensivnogo-rozvitku-korenevih-gniley (in Ukrainian).
57. Wang, Z., Li, H., Zhang, D., Guo, L., Chen, J., Chen, Y., Wu, Q., Xie, J., Zhang, Y., Sun, Q., Dvorak, J., Ming-cheng, L., & Zhiyong, L. (2015). Genetic and physical mapping of powdery mildew resistance gene MlHLT in Chinese wheat landrace Hulutou. Theor Appl Genet, 128, 365–373. doi: 10.1007/s00122-014-2436-2
58. Novohatka, V. G. (1983). Sozdanie ishodnogo materiala dlja selekcii ozimoj pshenicy, ustojchivogo k muchnistoj rose (Erusіphe gratіpіs Ds. F. Sr. trіtіsі Magshal.) [Creation of a source material for selection of the winter wheat steady against a powdery mildew (Erusiphe gratipis Ds. F. Sr. tritisi Magshal)]. Nauchnye trudy Mironovskogo instituta pshenicy imeni V. M. Remesla, 9, 116–126 (in Russian).
59. Krivchenko, V. I. (1980). Izuchenie ustojchivosti zlakovyh kul'tur k muchnistoj rose : metodicheskie ukazanija [Study of the resistance of cereals to powdery mildew: guidelines.]. Leningrad, 78 (in Russian).
60. Neklesa, N. P., Bystrickaja, V. N., & Srizhekozin, Ju. A. (1990). Prognoz srokov pojavlenija muchnistoj rosy, ee vredonosnosti i zashhita ozimoj pshenicy ot boleznej: rekomendacii [Forecast of the timing of the appearance of powdery mildew, its harmfulness and protection of winter wheat from diseases: recommendations]. Moskva, 23 (in Russian).
61. Tribel', S. O. (2004). Stіjkі sorti. Radikal'ne rozv’jazannja problemi zmenshennja vtrat urozhaїv vіd shkіdlivih organіzmіv [Resistant varieties. Radical solution to the problem of reducing crop losses from pests]. Karantin і zahist roslin, 6, 6–7 (in Ukrainian).
62. Os'machko, O. M., Vlasenko, V. A., Bakumenko, O. M., Je, Тao, & Oshomok, T. V. (2019). Ocіnka stіjkostі do boroshnistoї rosi zrazkіv Triticum aestivum L. [Estimation of resistance to powdery mildew of samples of Triticum aestivum L.]. 4th WWSRRN CIMMYT v umovah pіvnіchno-shіdnogo lіsostepu Ukraїni. Genetichnі resursi roslin, 24, 74 (in Ukrainian).
63. Kosilovich, G. O., & Kononenko, Ju. M. (2010). Porіvnjal'na harakteristika genetichnoї strukturi populjacії zbudnika boroshnistoї rosi jachmenju v Lіsostepu Ukraїni [Comparative characteristics of the genetic structure of the population of the pathogen of barley powdery mildew in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine]. Mіzhvіdomchij tematichnij zbіrnik zahist і karantin roslin, 56, 81–89 (in Ukrainian).
64. Ret'man, S. V., Kislih, T. M., & Shevchuk, O. V. (2014). Karlikova sazhka pshenicі ozimoї [Dwarf smut of winter wheat]. Karantin і zahist roslin, 2, 1–3 (in Ukrainian).
65. Sandec'ka, N. V., & Topchіj, T. V. (2014). Efektivnіst' sumіsnogo zastosuvannja fungіcidіv і pozakorenevoї obrobki dobrivami v zahistі ozimoї pshenicі vіd gribnih zahvorjuvan' [The effectiveness of the combined use of fungicides and foliar fertilization in the protection of winter wheat from fungal diseases]. Fiziologija rastenij i genetika, (46), 2, 171–178 (in Ukrainian).
66. Babajanc, O. V., & Babajanc, L. T. (2014). Osnovy selekcii i metodologija ocenok ustojchivosti pshenicy k vozbuditeljam boleznej [Fundamentals of selection and methodology for assessing the resistance of wheat to pathogens]. VMV, Odessa (in Russian).
67. El Klifi, Oum., Chamlal, Hakita, Sharma, Hari & Benlhabib, Ouafac. (2003). Interspecific cross between durum wheat and Aegilops geniculata to transfer resistanceto bassian fly (Mayetiola destructor Say.). Acta bot. malas, 28,149–154.
68. Somers, D. J., Fedak, G., Clarke, J. & Wenguang, C. (2006). Mapping of FHB resistance QTLs in tetraploid wheat. Genome, 49, 586–1593.
69. Afanas'eva, O. G., Golosna, L. M., Lіsova, G. M., Bojko, І. A., & Kucherova, L. O. (2015). Donori ta dzherela stіjkostі pshenicі ozimoї proti osnovnih zbudnikіv gribnih hvorob [Donors and sources of resistance of winter wheat against the main pathogens of fungal diseases]. Mіzhvіdomchij tematichnij zbіrnik zahist і karantin roslin, 61, 30–39 (in Ukrainian).
70. Leonov, O. Ju. (2010). Zakonomіrnostі projavu oznaki stіjkostі do boroshnistoї rosi sered zrazkіv genofondu pshenicі m'jakoї [Regularities of manifestation of the sign of resistance to powdery mildew among the samples of the gene pool of bread wheat]. Zbіrnik naukovih prac' SGІ-NCNS, 6(56), 208–220 (in Ukrainian).
71. Afanas'yeva, O. G. (2015). Stіjkіst' sortozrazkіv pshenicі ozimoї proti zbudnika cerkosporel'ozu [Resistance of winter wheat cultivars against the pathogen cercosporelosis]. Karantin і zahist roslin, 6, 35 (in Ukrainian).
72. Meyer, M., Burgin, L., Hort, M. C., Hodson, D. P., & Gilligan, C. A. (2017a). Large scale atmospheric dispersal simulations identify likely airborne incursion routes of wheat stem rust into Ethiopia Phytopathology, 107(10), 1175-1186. doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-01-17-0035-FI
73. Meyer M., Cox J. A., Hitchings M. D. T., Burgin L., Hort M. C., Hodson D. P., & Gilligan C. A. (2017b). Quantifying airborne dispersal routes of pathogens over continents to safeguard global wheat supply Nat. Plants 3(10), 780‒786. doi: 10.1038/s41477-017-0017-5
74. Visser, B., Meyer, M., Park, R. F., Gilligan, C. A., Burgin, L. E., Hort, M. C., Hodson, D. P., & Pretorius, Z. A. (2019). Microsatellite analysis and urediniospore dispersal simulations support the movement of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici from southern Africa to Australia Phytopathology, 109(1), 133‒144. doi: 10.1094/phyto-04-18-0110-r
75. Figueroa, M., Hammond‐Kosack, K. E., & Solomon, P. S. (2018). A review of wheat diseases‐a field perspective. Molecular Plant Pathology, 19(6), 1523-1536. doi: 10.1111/mpp.12618
76. Wan, A., Wang, X., Kang, Z., & Chen, X. (2017) Variability of the Stripe Rust Pathogen. In: Chen X., Kang Z. (eds) Stripe Rust. Springer, Dordrecht., 35–154. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1111-9_2
77. Ali, S., Rodriguez‐Algaba, J., Thach, T., Sørensen, C. K., Hansen, J. G., & Lassen, P. (2017) Yellow rust epidemics worldwide were caused by pathogen races from divergent genetic lineages. Frontiers in Plant Science, 8, 1057. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01057
78. Moskalec', T. V., Kljuchevich, M. M., & Moskalec', V. V. (2015). Stіjkіst' ozimih tritikale і pshenicі m'jakoї proti Puccinia recondite Dietel & Holw [Stability winter triticale and bread wheat against Puccinia recondite Dietel & Holw]. Karantin і zahist roslin, 6, 1–3 (in Ukrainian).
79. Dermenko, O. P., Panchenko, Ju. S., & Gavriljuk, L. L. (2013). Zahist pshenicі ozimoї vіd buroї listkovoї іrzhі [Protection of winter wheat from brown leaf rust]. Karantin і zahist roslin, 5, 9–11 (in Ukrainian).
80. Kohmetova, A. M., & Atishova, M. N. (2012). Identifikacija istochnikov ustojchivosti k steblevoj rzhavchine pshenicy s ispol'zovaniem molekuljarnyh markerov [Identification of sources of resistance to stem rust of wheat using molecular markers]. Vavilovskij zhurnal genetiki i selekcii. 16(1), 132–141 (in Russian).
81. Peresipkіn, V. F. (2000). Sіl's'kogospodars'ka fіtopatologіja [Agricultural phytopathology]. Agrarna osvіta, Kiїv (in Ukrainian).
82. Vlasenko, V. A., Os'machko, O. M., & Bakumenko, O. M. (2014). Stіjkіst' sortіv pshenicі ozimoї proti buroї іrzhі v umovah pіvnіchno-shіdnogo Lіsostepu Ukraїni [Resistance of winter wheat varieties against brown rust in the conditions of the north-eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine]. Tezi dopovіdej derzhavnoї nauk.-prakt. konf. Novіtnі tehnologії v roslinnictvі. BNAU, Bіla Cerkva (in Ukrainian).
83. Peresypkin, V. F., Kirik, N. N., & Lesovoj, M. P. (1990) Bolezni sel'hohozjajstvennyh kul'tur [Diseases of agricultural crops]. (T.1). Urozhaj, Kiev (in Russian).
84. McDonald, B. A., & Linde, C. (2002). Pathogen population genetics, evolutionary potential, anddurable resistance. Ann. Rev. Phytopathol, 40(1), 349‒379.
85. Lіsova, G. M. (1999). Markeri genіv stіjkostі pshenicі proti zbudnika buroї іrzhі і їh vikoristannja pri stvorennі sortіv, stіjkih proti hvorobi [Markers of genes for resistance of wheat against the pathogen of brown rust and their use in the creation of varieties resistant to disease]. Zahist roslin, 11, 10–11 (in Ukrainian).
86. Singh, R. P., & Rajaram, S. (2002). Breeding for disease resistance in wheat. In: Bread wheat.Improvement and production. FAO plant production and protection series. Rome, 30, 141–156.
87. Kirichenko, V. V., & Petrenkova, V. P. (2012). ta іnshі. Osnovi selekcії pol'ovih kul'tur na stіjkіst' do shkіdlivih organіzmіv [Fundamentals of selection of field crops for resistance to pests], Harkіv (in Ukrainian).
88. Jevtushenko, M. D., Marjutіna, F. M., Turenko, V. P., Zherebko, V. M., & Sekun, M. P. (2004). Fіtofarmakologіja [Phytopharmacology]. Vishha osvіta, Kyiv (in Ukrainian).
89. Walther, H. (1989). Septoria – Resistenz als quantitative und stadienbedingte Resistenz. Slechteni psenice na odolnost proti chorobam: sbornic referatu s porady o slechteni psenice na rezistenci proti chorobam, konane ve Srupicich ve dnech 14‒16. 3. 1988 v ramci tristzanne spoluprace ve slechteni psenice, NDR-PLR-CSSR-Stupicе, 71–98.
90. Markov, І. L. (1998). Praktikum іz sіl's'kogospodars'koї fіtopatologії [Workshop on agricultural phytopathology]. Urozhaj, Kiїv (in Ukrainian).
91. Tarr, S. (1975). Osnovy patologii rastenij [Fundamentals of plant pathology]. Mir, Moskva (in Russian).
92. Thomas, M. R., Cook, R. J., & King, J. E. (1989). Factors affecting development of Septjria tritici in winter wheat and its effect on yield. Plant Pathol, (38)4, 246–257. doi: 10.1016/0168-1699(94)90022-1
93. Petrenkova, V. P., Chernjaeva, І. M., Chernobaj, L. M., & Vus, Je. A. (2004). Vihіdnij materіal dlja selekcії ozimoї ta jaroї pshenicі do septorіozu [Source material for selection of winter and spring wheat for septoria]. Vіsnik HNAU, Harkіv, 5, 83–86 (in Ukrainian).
94. Petrenkova, V. P., Chernjaeva, І. M., & Markova, T. Ju. (2004). Nasіnnieva іnfekcіja pol'ovih kul'tur [Seed infection of field crops]. Naukovі pracі Іnstitutu roslinnictva іm. V. Ja. Jur'eva, Harkіv (in Ukrainian).
95. Kovalishina, G. M. (2014). Stіjkіst' sortіv pshenicі ozimoї proti hvorob [Resistance of winter wheat varieties against diseases]. Mіzhvіdomchij tematichnij zbіrnik zahist і karantin roslin, 60, 151‒158 (in Ukrainian).
96. Kovalishina, G. M. (2005). Harakteristika Mironіvs'kih sortіv ozimoї pshenicі zastіjkіstju shhodo hvorob [Characteristics of Myronivka varieties of winter wheat resistant to diseases]. Mіzhvіdomchij tematichnij zbіrnik zahist і karantin roslin, 51, 43–49 (in Ukrainian).
97. Leonov, O. Ju., Zaharova, N. M., Strel'cova, І. B., Moroz, N. V., & Babushkіna, T. V. (2004). Skrinіng kolekcії ozimoї m'jakoї pshenicі za stіjkіstju do septorіozu (Septoria tritica Rob. Et Desm.) [Screening of winter soft wheat collection for resistance to septoria (Septoria tritica Rob. Et Desm.)]. Selekcіja ta nasіnnictvo, 88, 9–11 (in Ukrainian).
98. Lіsovij, M. P., & Lіsova, G. M. (2015). Shljahi zmіni patogennostі gribіv – zbudnikіv hvorob roslin [Ways to change the pathogenicity of fungi – pathogens of plant diseases]. Mіzhvіdomchij tematichnij zbіrnik zahist і karantin roslin, 61, 8–197 (in Ukrainian).
99. Marjutіn, F. M., & Ravashdeh, Z. B. (2002). Septorіozna pljamistіst' listja [Septoria leaf spot]. Zahist roslin, 8, 4–5 (in Ukrainian).
100. Petrenkova, V. P., Rabinovich, S. V., Chernjaeva, І. M., & Chernobaj, L. M. (2004). Genetichna stіjkіst' ozimoї ta jaroї pshenic' do listovih hvorob [Genetic resistance of winter and spring wheat to leaf diseases]. Selekcіja і nasіnnictvo: mіzhvіd. temat nauk. Zbіrnik, 88, 116–127 (in Ukrainian).
101. Chernjaeva, I. N., & Muraeva, E. V. (1992). Poisk istochnikov ustojchivosti dlja selekcii septoriozoustojchivyh sortov ozimoj pshenicy [Search for sources of resistance for breeding septoria-resistant varieties of winter wheat]. Tez. dokl. Mezhdun. semin: Upravlenie geneticheskoj izmenchivost'ju sel'skozjajstvennyh rastenij, Jalta, 52–53 (in Russian).
102. Lіsovij, M. P., & Lіsova, G. M. (2004). Osoblivostі stіjkostі prirodnih fіtocenozіv protipatogenu ta shljahi її vikoristannja v selekcії sіl's'kogospodars'kih kul'tur [Features of resistance of natural phytocenoses of antipathogen and ways of its use in selection of agricultural crops]. zb. tez dop. mіzhnar. nauk.-prakt. konf Іntegrovanij zahist roslin na pochatku. Kolobіg, Kiїv 673–678 (in Ukrainian).
103. Lіsovij, M. P., & Lіsova, G. M. (2004). Metodichnі osnovi stvorennja shtuchnih іnfekcіjnih fonіv patogenіv v selekcії na stіjkіst' [Methodical bases of creation of artificial infectious backgrounds of pathogens in selection on resistance]. Mіzhvіdomchij tematichnij zbіrnik zahist і karantin roslin, 50, 41–51 (in Ukrainian).
104. Monastyrskij, O. A. (2003). Biozashhita zernovyh kul'tur ot toksikogennyh mikroorganizmov [Bioprotection crops from toxicogenic microorganisms]. Zashhita i karantin rastenij, 2, 5–8 (in Russian).
105. Eyal, Z., Amiri, Z., & Wahl, J. (1973). Physiologic specialization of Septoria tritici. Phytopathology, (63), 1087‒1091. doi: 10.1094/Phyto-63-1087.
106. Demydov, O., Muha, T., & Gumenjuk, O. (2019). Stіjkіst' novih sortіv ozimoї pshenicі proti listkovih hvorob [Resistance of new varieties of winter wheat against leaf diseases]. «Propozycija», 9. [Electronic resource]. Access mode: https://propozitsiya.com/ua/stiykist-novyh-sortiv-ozymoyi-pshenyci-proty-lystkovyh-hvorob
107. Dac'ko, L. V. (2019). Stіjkіst' novih sortіv roslin do starih hvorob [Resistance of new plant varieties to old diseases]. [Electronic resource]. Access mode: http://integro.co.ua/stijkist-novih-sortiv-roslin-do-starih-hvorob/
Published
2020-02-24
How to Cite
Bashlai, A., & Vlasenko, V. (2020). Reaction of winter wheat plants of phytopathogens in the projection on organic agriculture. Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. The Series: Agronomy and Biology, 39(1), 3-13. https://doi.org/10.32782/agrobio.2020.1.1
ISSN 
ISSN 
