YIELD AND QUALITY OF FRUITS OF CUCUMBER ON A VERTICAL TRELLIS DEPENDING ON THE APPLICATION OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS IN THE FOREST STEPPE OF UKRAINE
Abstract
The article presents three year scientific research on the effect of various plant growth regulators on the productivity and quality of fruits of the zoned Satina hybrid cucumber for growing plants on a vertical trellis in the conditions of the Forest- Steppe of Ukraine. Passing data is presented of the main phenological phases of growth and development of cucumber plants, biometric parameters, total and marketable yields, marketability of fruits and the content of certain chemical elements in fruits, correlation and dispersion analysis of the research results are presented. Determined, that compared with the control, the final phases of plant growth and development were 2–4 days faster in the variants of using plant growth regulators. In particular, the first fruits in these variants were collected already on the 26−28 day from planting seedlings. Compared to the control, all growth regulators contributed to an increase in the height and diameter of the main stem, the formation of a larger number of leaves on the plant and the area of their assimilation surface. Among growth regulators, Tur and Biolan had a greater impact on the biometric parameters of plants. The highest commercial yield was obtained when using the Tur and Biolan regulators – 50.5 t/ha and 49.8 t/ha respectively, which is 6.4 t/ha and 5.7 t/ha more than the control. The other drugs provided a somewhat smaller increase in commercial yield – 3.3−4.7 t/ha. All plant growth regulators contributed to an increase in the marketability of the crop by 0.8−1.7 percentage points. However, the highest marketability was in the options for using the regulator Kendal (99.1%) and Isabion (98.9%). Under the influence of plant growth regulators, some indicators of the biochemical composition of cucumber fruits changed. Under their action, the content of dry matter and the amount of sugars in the fruits increased. The highest dry matter content was in the variants of Emistim C and Biolan – by 5.1%. When using the Biolan regulator, the fruits contained the largest amount of total sugars – 2.16%. The content of nitrates in fruits did not exceed the maximum allowable level. However, their smallest amount was in the variants of the regulators Kendal and Tur − respectively 65.0 mg/kg and 69.0 mg/kg.
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