RISKS OF SPREADING QUARANTINE PESTS IN UKRAINE AND CONTROLLING THEIR POPUL
Abstract
The article analyzes the population of quarantine pests on lands of various purposes in Ukraine in 2015-2022. Methods for detecting and identifying quarantine pests are generally common for this region. As of 31.12.2022, the following pests from the A2 list have been identified in Ukraine: H. cunea, P. operculella, D. virgifera, F. occidentalis, C. capitata. From the list A1 the following pests were found: T. absoluta, B. tabaci, A. lanipennis. The purpose of the research was to establish the dynamics of the spread of quarantine pests on lands of various purposes in Ukraine, to clarify the system of measures to prevent their penetration and spread, as well as localization and liquidation in case of their spread from infected to non-infected areas. As of 31.12.2022, H. cunea was spread in 21 regions of Ukraine over an area of 91816.03 ha. From 2015 to 2020, there was no trend towards an increase in the area of infestation. In 2021, there was a sharp increase in the area of infestation to 90349.82 ha. P. operculella infected 776,5 hectares in six regions of Ukraine. There is a noticeable decrease in the spread of the pest: from 1604,51 hectares in 2015 to 740,5 in 2021. D. virgifera is distributed in 16 regions of Ukraine, with the largest areas infested with the pest in Mykolaiv and Chernivtsi regions. There is a noticeable increase in the area of the pest from 86167.49 ha in 2015 to 144167.75 ha in 2022. C. capitata infected 11.9 hectares in Odesa region, no dynamics of the pest spread is observed. T. absoluta is present in 10 regions of Ukraine. The largest areas of infestation are observed in Mykolaiv and Zaporizhzhia regions. The dynamics of spreading from 2015 to 2020 remained almost unchanged and was in the range of 829.92-1191.00 ha. The area of infection increased significantly in 2021 to 4532.23 ha, and in 2022 to 5965.83 ha. As of 2015-2018, B. tabaci was recorded in Ukraine in Kherson region on an area of 0.49 ha. As of 31.12.2022, the pest was present in Poltava and Kherson regions on the area of 1.60 and 0.15 ha. A. planipennis was first recorded in Ukraine in 2019 on the area of 13.3 ha. As of 31.12.2022, it is present in Luhansk and Kharkiv regions on the area of 1000.10 and 177.80 hectares, respectively. There is a noticeable trend towards an increase in the area of infection in recent years.
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