ADAPTABILITY OF ARUGULA (ERUCA SATIVA MILL.) АND WILD ROCKET (DIPLOTAXIS TENUIFOLIA L. DC.) IN THE SOUTHERN STEPPE OF UKRAINE
Abstract
The article is devoted to topic of adaptability of varieties and improvement of the technology of cultivation of arugula and wild rocket in the Southern Steppe of Ukraine. The research was supposed to investigate the existing assortment of arugula and wild rocket, as well as to find out its adaptability to the conditions of the Southern Steppe Ukraine, yield, and quality of products. Conventional research methods were used. The highest attention was paid to biometric indexes of plant growth and yield. Studies have proven that the control variety of arugula Znakhar was characterized by a larger number of leaves – 18 pcs./plant. In addition, the data and indexes have been stable over the years of research. Varieties of Barvinkovyi and Sparkle showed lower results and the number of leaves was 16–17 pcs./plant. Among the varieties of wild rocket, the Sinope and Themisto varieties were characterized by the highest leaf index – 18 pcs./plant. In turn, the lowest rate was provided by the Prudenzia variety – 15 pcs./plant. The height of the plants among the studied assortment was the lowest at the control variety – 15.0 cm, while the Barvinkovyi variety was 2.3 cm higher, and the Sparkle variety was 3.5 cm. Among the studied varieties of arugula, the highest plant weight was found in the Sparkle variety – 115.4 cm in the phase of technical ripeness, even though at the beginning of growth this index was higher in the control – 3.3 cm. Among the varieties of wild rocket at the time of technical ripeness, the Prudenzia and Themisto varieties were characterized by the highest index – 108.3 and 110.1 cm, respectively. The control variety Tricia provided a mediocre result with an index of 102.2 cm. The Sparkle variety had a high yield of 18.1 t/ha, which exceeded the control by 2.9 t/ha. In turn, the Barvinkovyi variety showed the lowest result, which was lower than the control by 2.4 t/ha. Among the studied assortment of wild rocket, the Prudenzia and Themisto varieties stood out, which prevailed over the control by 1.0 and 1.3 t/ha, respectively. In turn, Leticia and Sinope varieties lagged the control variety Tricia by 0.6 and 0.3 t/ha, respectively. It has been proved that the optimal varieties for the conditions of the South of Ukraine are the Sparkle variety among the varieties of arugula, and the varieties Themisto and Prudenzia in the wild rocket.
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