Estimation conformation cow's of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breeds in Sumy region by using linear classification methods
Abstract
The research of the first-born cows of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed on the conformation in the herds of Sumy region (AF "Pershe Travnya" and "State Enterprise of Research Institute of Agriculture of the North-East of NAAS of Ukraine"). The animals were evaluated according to the method of linear classification at 2-4 months after calving. The 9-score system described 18 traits of the conformation. Four groups of conformation traits, which characterize the dairy type, body, limbs and udder, were estimated on a 100-score scale. The estimate for group traits that characterize the dairy type was (82.4 and 81.4 score, respectively), body (83.5 and 82.4 score), limbs (82.6 and 81.7 score), udder (81.9 and 80.7 score) and the overall score by type (82.5 and 81.5 score) with the highest rates in cows of the herd AF "Pershe Travnya". Assessment of descriptive traits of first-born cows showed that the degree of their development, compared with group, has a significantly higher variability both inside the herd and between herds with coefficients of variation 11.9-37.3%. In both experimental farms, was established a sufficient for effective selection connection level of milk yield amount between group traits of the conformation that characterize the severity of dairy type of cows (r = 0.338 and 0.279), body development (r = 0.422 and 0.344), udder quality (r = 0.315 and 0.299) and overall type assessment (r = 0.328 and 0.277). A positive relationship with milk yield was observed for a number of individual descriptive traits of the conformation similarly within the controlled farms: rump height (r = 0.355 and 0.266), body depth (r = 0.326 and 0.333), angularity (r = 0.355 and 0.328), rump width (r = 0.398 and 0.341), pelvic limbs posture (r = 0.402 and 0.304), fore (r = 0.312 and 0.267) and rear udder attachment (r = 0.151 and 0.145), central ligament (r = 0.237) and 0.263), locomotion (r = 0.253 and 0.227). The correlation between body condition and milk yield was negative (r = -0.222 and -0.188). The use of linear classification methods in the selection process of dairy cattle allowed determining the breed features of the conformation of animals, and a significant correlation between linear traits and milk yield confirmed the need for indirect selection by type, which will improve both the conformation and dairy productivity.
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