CROSSBREEDING AS A WAY TO IMPROVE THE SLAUGHTER QUALITIES OF PIGS
Abstract
The article examines the results of research into the slaughter qualities of pigs of different productivity levels at three levels of fattening. Experiments were conducted on animals obtained from sows of the large white breed in combination with wild boars of the large white breed (group I), Poltava meat breed (group II), landrace breed (group III) and Mirgorod breed (group IV). The first level provided for fattening typical for many farms at the level of 250–350 g of average daily gains. The second and third levels of fattening were carried out with average daily gains of 600–800 and 800–1000 g, respectively. The following indicators were determined: pre-slaughter weight, slaughter weight, slaughter yield, half-carcass length, fat thickness, bone mass. The obtained results indicate that local animals had an advantage over their purebred peers in terms of such an indicator as "slaughter output". The carcasses of pigs from the combination of the Great White with the Myrhorod breed were shorter, which is less than that of the pigs from the combination of the Great White with the Landrace. The lard was the thickest in animals combining the large white with the Myrhorod breed, and the thinnest in the animals combining the large white with the Poltava meat and the large white with the Landrace. The obtained results of dispersion analysis regarding the influence of feeding levels on the slaughter quality of experimental animals showed that the influence of feeding was high, and when the slaughter weight of experimental animals increased from 100 to 125 kg, the influence of feeding levels, on the contrary, decreased, this is evidenced by an increase in the residual variance, as such , which includes the influence of all factors, except for the main one, in this case, the level of feeding. The results of experimental studies showed that crossbreeding had a positive effect on the slaughtering qualities of the experimental young animals. The highest efficiency in terms of slaughter yield, half-carcass length, fat thickness and mass of ostus was shown by animals obtained from a combination of large white breed ewes and landrace boars.
References
2. Khalak V.I. (2016). Vidhodivelni ta miasni yakosti molodniaku svynei riznykh poiednan [Feeding and meat qualities of young pigs of different combinations]. Kyiv : Ahrobiznes sohodni, Vol. 14 (in Ukrainian).
3. Khramkova O.M. (2018). Zabiini yakosti svynei irlandskoho pokhodzhennia za riznoi predzabiinoi zhyvoi masy [Slaughter qualities of pigs of Irish origin at different pre-slaughter live weights]. Sumy : Visnyk Sumskoho natsionalnoho ahrarnoho universytetu. Seriia «Tvarynnytstvo», Vol. 2 (in Ukrainian).
4. Knecht, D., Srodon, S. and Duziński, K. Breed on selected reproductive performance parameters of sows. Arch. Anim. Breed, 2015, issue 58, pp. 49–56.
5. Lazarevich A.N., Efimova L.V., Ivanova O.V. Effectiveness analysis of crossbreding the hybrid sows with thoroughbred and terminal sires. In the World of Scientific Discoveries, Series B. 2017. № 2. рр. 16–32.
6. Lykhach V.Ia., Lykhach A.V., Faustov R.V., Kucher O.O. (2021). Suchasnyi stan ta tendentsii rozvytku vitchyznianoho svynarstva [The current state and trends in the development of domestic pig farming]. Sumy : Visnyk Sumskoho NAU. Seriia «Tvarynnytstvo», Vol. 1 (in Ukrainian).
7. Matsenko M.I. (2017). Zabiini ta miasni yakosti chystoporodnykh svynei iz riznoiu tryvalistiu embrionalnoho rozvytku [Slaughter and meat qualities of purebred pigs with different duration of embryonic development]. Kyiv : Naukovyi visnyk Natsionalnoho universytetu bioresursiv i pryrodokorystuvannia Ukrainy. Seriia «Tekhnolohiia vyrobnytstva i pererobky produktsii tvarynnytstva», Vol. 271 (in Ukrainian).
8. Mykhailov A.P. (2016). Suchasnyi stan ta perspektyvy rozvytku ahrarnoho sektoru ekonomiky Ukrainy [Current state and prospects for the development of the agrarian sector of the economy of Ukraine]. Kyiv : Naukovyi visnyk UMO. Seriia «Ekonomika ta upravlinnia», Vol.1 (in Ukrainian).
9. Naryzhna O.L. (2014). Zabiini yakosti chystoporidnoho ta pomisnoho molodniaku, oderzhanoho pry poiednanni svynomatok velykoi biloi porody z terminalnymy i chystoporidnymy knuramy riznykh henotypiv [Slaughter qualities of purebred and crossbred young animals, obtained by combining sows of large white breed with terminal and purebred boars of different genotypes]. Poltava : Mizhvidomchyi tematychnyi naukovyi zbirnyk Instytutu svynarstva i APV NAAN «Svynarstvo», Vol. 65 (in Ukrainian).
10. Pelykh V.H. & Ushakova S.V. (2016). Dynamika rostu molodniaku svynei riznykh henotypiv [Growth dynamics of young pigs of different genotypes]. Kharkiv: Naukovo-tekhnichnyi biuleten, Vol.115 (in Ukrainian).
11. Povod M.H. (2017). Miasni ta zabiini yakosti svynei riznykh henotypiv za vidminnykh vahovykh kondytsii [Meat and slaughter qualities of pigs of different genotypes under different weight conditions]. Sumy: Visnyk Sumskoho natsionalnoho ahrarnoho universytetu. Seriia «Tvarynnytstvo», Vol. 5(2) (in Ukrainian).
12. Shebanin P.O. (2016). Tekhnolohichni ta selektsiino-henetychni faktory pidvyshchennia produktyvnosti svynei [Technological and breeding and genetic factors of increasing the productivity of pigs]. Mykolaiv : autoref. thesis ... candidate s.-g. sciences : 06.02.04. (in Ukrainian).
13. Šprysl M., Čítek J., Stupka R. The significance of the effects influencing the reproductive performance in pigs. Research in pig breeding. 2012. Vol. 6(1), рр. 54–58.
14. Ushakova S. Influence of boars of different breeds on reproductive qualities of sows in multipedigree crossbreeding. Visnyk Agrarnoi Nauky. 2016. Vol. 94 (2). pp. 68–69.
15. Voloshchuk V.M. (2013). Vidhodivelni, zabiini ta miasni yakosti pidsvynkiv miasnykh porid [Fattening, slaughtering and meat qualities of pigs of meat breeds]. Poltava: Mizhvidomchyi tematychnyi naukovyi zbirnyk Instytutu svynarstva i APV NAAN «Svynarstvo», Vol.62 (in Ukrainian).
16. Voloshchuk V.M., Rybalko V.P. & Berezovskyi M.D. (2014). Svynarstvo: monohrafiia [Pig farming: monograph]. Kyiv : Agrarian Science (in Ukrainian).
17. Wu F., Vierck K. R., DeRouchey J. M., O’Quinn T. G., Tokach M. D., Goodband R. D., Dritz S. S., Woodworth J. C. A review of heavy weight market pigs: status of knowledge and future needs assessment. Anim. Sci. 2017. Vol. 1, pp. 1–15. doi:10.2527/tas2016.0004
ISSN 
ISSN 
