MODELING OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS OF SOWING GRAIN CROPS BY OPENERS FOR DIRECT SOWING ON SLOPE
Keywords:
working body, technological process, continuum, modeling, sowing, grain, coulter, physical and mechanical properties of the soil
Abstract
Today, sowing is one of the most urgent tasks, which is why universal sowing technology is in great demand, which should ensure an even distribution of the number of plants per unit area to create a level playing field. Theoretical research was conducted using the methods of theoretical mechanics, resistance of materials, probability theory, mathematical analysis and modeling. The research is carried out on the basis of numerous realizations of the equations of dynamics of the continuous environment in applied programs of engineering calculation – CAE-systems. The article presents a theoretical analysis of the interaction of the soil layer with the surface of the working body of the seeder to perform the technological process of sowing seeds of cereals on the slopes. Received a scheme of forces acting on the soil during the working process, a scheme of forces acting on the soil layer during movement along the slope, a scheme for determining the parameters of the working plane, initial and boundary conditions of interaction of the working body with the soil environment. We considered the process of interaction of the working body, which has the shape of a flat dihedral wedge, with the soil environment during work in the horizontal plane and obtained a scheme of forces acting on the soil layer. In order to determine the thickness of the soil layer falling on the working surface of the working body, a vector diagram of the soil layer velocity was plotted, ie the ratio of working body velocity and relative soil layer velocity on the opener working surface was determined. A scheme of changing the velocities of the soil layer on the slopes was obtained. To find the gravitational force of the soil layer acting on the working body, they drew a diagram of the working body on the slope and obtained a diagram of the forces acting on the soil layer on the slopes. During the movement of the working body up the slope, the dependence of the force of gravity of the soil layer on the surface of the working body and the support force on the angle of inclination of the slope. The initial and boundary conditions of the mathematical model of the technological process are considered, and the method of realization of the mathematical model of the technological process of the working body on the slopes with different values of the angle of the working surface is developed. A mathematical model of the technological process of tillage on different types of agricultural landscapes by experimental working bodies has been developed. The initial and boundary conditions of the mathematical model of the technological process of tillage, taking into account the slope of the working surface of the field.
References
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2. Hevko, B.M., Liashuk, O.L., Pavelchuk, Y.F., Pryshliak, V.M. ta in. (2014). Tekhnolohichni osnovy proektuvannia ta vyhotovlennia posivnykh mashyn : monohrafiia [Technological bases of design and manufacture of sowing machines]. Ternopil: Vyd. TNTU imeni Ivana Puliuia, 238. (in Ukrainian).
3. Hevko, B.M. (2012). Matematychna model rukhu zerna po rukhomym poverkhniam vysivnykh aparativ [Mathematical model of grain movement on moving surfaces of sowing machines]. Zbirnyk naukovykh prats Vinnytskoho natsionalnoho ahrarnoho universytetu. 11, 113–118. (in Ukrainian).
4. Pavel’chuk, Y.F., B.M. Gevko. (2016). Matematecheskaja model’ dinamiki sistemy «semjaprovod-zerno» [Mathematical model of the dynamics of the “seed tube-grain” system]. Teorija i praktika sovremennoj nauki. 12, 330–334. (in Russian).
5. Lashyk, O, Gevko, B., Pavelchuk, Y. (2017). Grounding of subsoil-throwing sowing of gr ain-crops. Scientific journal «Fundamentalis scientiam», (Madrid, Spain), 2(3), 106–111. (in English).
6. Amosov, V.V. (2007). Obgruntuvannia parametriv universalnoho vysivnoho aparata dlia prosapnykh kultur [Substantiation of parameters of the universal sowing device for row crops]. KNTU. Kirovohrad, 131. (in Ukrainian).
7. Kosinov, M.M., Amosov, V.V., Martynenko, S.A., Kyrychenko, A.M., Vinnik, O.L. (2012) Udoskonalennia konstruktsii pnevmatychnoho vysivnoho aparata z metoiu pokrashchennia yakosti sivby [Improving the design of the pneumatic sowing machine in order to improve the quality of sowing]. Konstruiuvannia, vyrobnytstvo ta ekspluatatsiia silskohospodarskykh mashyn, Vyp. 42(1), 194–198. (in Ukrainian).
8. Aulin, V.V., Pankov, A.A., Shheglov, A.V. (2017). Issledovanie vybrosa semjan propashnyh kul’tur pnevmostrujnym vysevajushhim apparatom [Investigation of seed ejection of tilled crops by pneumatic jet sowing machine]. Vіsnik іnzhenernoї Akademії Ukraїni, m. Kyiv. 1, 221–225. (in Russian).
9. Aulyn, V.V., Pankov, A.A., Shchehlov, A.V. (2016). Konstruktyvno- komponovochnыe skhemы vыsevaiushchykh system s эlementamy pnevmonyky [Structural and layout diagrams of sowing systems with pneumatic elements]. Visnyk inzhenernoi Akademii Ukrainy, m. Kyiv. 1, 142–147. (in Ukrainian).
10. Aulin, V.V., Pankov, A.A., Zamota, T.N. (2016). Nadjozhnost’ rabochih processov tehnicheskih sredstv APK s jelementami pnevmoniki [Reliability of working processes of technical means of agro-industrial complex with elements of pneumonics]. Naukovij zhurnal «Tehnіchnij servіs agropromislovogo, lіsovogo ta transportnogo kompleksіv». 5, 117–125. (in Russian).
11. Bojko, A.I. Sviren’, N.A. (2005). Analiz parametrov dozirujushhego ustrojstva na jeffektivnost’ otbora semja [Analysis of the parameters of the dosing device for the efficiency of seed selection]. Konstrujuvannja, virobnictvo ta ekspluatacіja sіl’s’kogospodars’kih mashin: Zagal’noderzhavnij mіzhvіdomchij naukovo–tehnіchnij zbіrnik. Vyp(35), 259–267. (in Russian).
12. Bojko, A.I. Sviren’, N.A. (2011). Povyshenie jeffektivnosti i nadezhnosti raboty vysevajushhih aparatov posevnyh mashin [Increasing the efficiency and reliability of the sowing machines of sowing machines]. Kirovograd, KOD, 276. (in Russian).
13. Boiko, A.I., Amosov, V.V. (2006). Eksperymentalne vyznachennia ratsionalnykh parametriv vakuumnoho pnevmomekhanichnoho vysivnoho aparata [Experimental determination of rational parameters of vacuum pneumomechanical seeding machine]. Konstruiuvannia, vyrobnytstvo ta ekspluatatsiia s.-h. mashyn. Kirovohrad: KNTU, Vyp(36), 108–110. (in Ukrainian).
14. Sysolin, P.V. (2008). Zvychaini pidkhody po stvorenniu universalnykh vitchyznianykh sivalok dlia sivby zernovykh kultur [Conventional approaches to the creation of universal domestic seeders for sowing cereals]. Kirovohrad, 84. (in Ukrainian).
15. Sysolin, P.V., Sviren, M.O., Lisovyi, I.O. (2007). Priama sivba. Zadachi i napriamky rozvytku soshnykiv dlia priamoi sivby [Direct sowing. Tasks and directions of development of openers for direct sowing]. Konstruiuvannia, vyrobnytstvo ta ekspluatatsiia silskohospodarskykh mashyn. KNTU, Vyp(37), 94–98. (in Ukrainian).
16. Sviren, M.O., Anisimov, O.V. Solovykh, Ye.K. (2015). Doslidzhennia parametriv ta rezhymiv roboty pnevmomekhanichnoho vysivnoho aparatu nadlyshkovoho tysku z retsyrkuliuiuchym potokom nasinnia [Investigation of parameters and modes of operation of pneumomechanical seeding apparatus of excess pressure with recirculating seed flow]. Tekhnika v silskohospodarskomu vyrobnytstvi, haluzeve mashynobuduvannia, Kirovohrad: KNTU, Vyp(28), 223–229. (in Ukrainian).
17. Lisovyi, I.O., Boiko, A.I., Sviren, M.O., Pushka, O.S. (2015). Priama sivba ta obgruntuvannia parametriv soshnyka [Direct sowing and substantiation of opener parameters]. Visnyk Ukrainskoho viddilennia Mizhnarodnoi akademii ahrarnoi osvity. Vyp(3), Melitopol: Kopitsentr «Dokument-servis», 176–189. (in Ukrainian).
18. Salo, V.M., Luzan, O.R. (2010). Vybir napriamiv vdoskonalennia soshnykiv sivalok priamoho posivu zernovykh kultur [Choice of directions of improvement of openers of seeders of direct sowing of grain crops]. Konstruiuvannia, vyrobnytstvo ta ekspluatatsiia silskohospodarskykh mashyn. Kirovohrad: KNTU. Vyp(40), Chast. II, 271–277. (in Ukrainian).
19. Luzan, O.R., Salo, V.M., Luzan, P.H., Leshchenko S.M. (2012). Obgruntuvannia parametriv posivnoi sektsii dlia priamoisivby zernovykh kultur [Substantiation of parameters of sowing section for direct sowing of grain crops]. Tekhnichni nauky. Vinnytsia: VNAU. Vyp(11). T. 2 (66), 217–222. (in Ukrainian).
20. Pavelchuk, Y.F. (2009). Obhruntuvannia parametriv soshnykiv dlia sivby zernovykh kultur pidhruntovo-rozkydnym sposobom [Substantiation of opener parameters for sowing grain crops by subsoil-spreading method]. Kamianets-Podilskyi, 245. (in Ukrainian).
21. Hevko, B.M., Pavelchuk, Y.F. (2016). Doslidzhennia protsesu rozpodilu nasinnia zernovykh kultur pry pidhruntovorozkydnomu sposobi sivby [Study of the process of distribution of seeds of cereals in the subsoil method of sowing]. Ch. 2. Tekhnichni nauky. Kamianets-Podilskyi, Vyp(24), 25–32. (in Ukrainian).
22. Rud, A.V. Pavelchuk, Y.F., Moshenko, I.O. (2009). Teoretychni doslidzhennia protsesu rozpodilu nasinnia zernovykh kultur pry pidhruntovo-rozkydnomu sposobi sivby [Theoretical studies of the process of distribution of seeds of cereals in the subsoil-spreading method of sowing]. Konstruiuvannia, vyrobnytstvo ta ekspluatatsiia silskohospodarskykh mashyn, Kirovohrad: KNTU, Vyp(39), 250–256. (in Ukrainian).
23. Rud, A.V., Pavelchuk, Y.F., Moshenko, I.O. (2010). Vplyv sposobu podachi nasinnia v kameru rozsivu na rivnomirnist yoho rozpodilu po ploshchi zhyvlennia [The influence of the method of feeding seeds into the screening chamber on the uniformity of its distribution over the feeding area]. Tekhnika ta enerhetyka APK, K, Vyp(144), Ch. 2, 288–295. (in Ukrainian).
24. Shustik, L., Haidai, T. (2012). Poshuk alternatyvnykh enerhooshchadnykh tekhnolohii i doslidzhennia dlia posivu dribnonasinnievykh kultur [Search for alternative energy-saving technologies and research for sowing small-seeded crops]. Tekhniko-tekhnolohichni aspekty rozvytku ta vyprobuvannia novoi tekhniky i tekhnolohii dlia silskoho hospodarstva Ukrainy. Vyp16(30). Knyha 2, 116–119. (in Ukrainian).
25. Danyliuk, T. (2011). Obgruntuvannia tekhnolohii obrobitku gruntu ta posivu [Substantiation of tillage and sowing technology]. Tekhniko-tekhnolohichni aspekty rozvytku ta vyprobuvannia novoi tekhniky i tekhnolohii dlia silskoho hospodarstva Ukrainy. Vyp15(29), 486–488. (in Ukrainian).
26. (2012). Mini-sivalka BioDrill na kultyvatorakh Vaderstad naibilsh ekonomichnyi sposib posivu syderalnykh kultur i ozymoho ripaku [Mini-drill BioDrill on Vaderstad cultivators the most economical way of sowing green manure and winter rape]. Zemledelets. 4, 18–23. (in Ukrainian).
27. Pryshliak, V.M., Yaropud, V.M., Poborozniuk, O.A. (2017). Osoblyvosti polytsevoho ta bezpolytsevoho obrobitku gruntu [Features of shelf and non-shelf tillage]. Suchasni problemy vyrobnytstva, pererobky silskohospodarskoi produktsii, mashynobuduvannia ta enerhetychnykh system APK, Vinnytsia, Vyd-vo VNAU, 133–135. (in Ukrainian).
28. Rolduhin, M.I., Ponomarenko, N.O., Yaropud, V.M., Sydorenko, R.M. (2017). Stan i perspektyvy rozvytku kombinovanykh ahrehativ [Status and prospects of development of combined units]. Tekhnika, enerhetyka, transport APK. Vinnytsia, 2(98), 40–43. (in Ukrainian).
29. Derkach, O.D., Naumenko, M.M., Makarenko, D.O. (2015). Do pytannia stvorennia shyrokozakhvatnykh posivnykh kompleksiv z pidvyshchenym resursom rukhomykh ziednan [On the issue of creating wide-reaching sowing complexes with increased resource of mobile joints]. Kh: Visnyk KhNTUSH im. Petra Vasylenka. 159, 186–193. (in Ukrainian).
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Published
2022-04-07
How to Cite
Pavelchuk, Y. F., Lyashuk, O. L., Hrushetskyi, S. N., & Prokopova, O. P. (2022). MODELING OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS OF SOWING GRAIN CROPS BY OPENERS FOR DIRECT SOWING ON SLOPE. Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. The Series: Mechanization and Automation of Production Processes, (4 (46), 18-24. https://doi.org/10.32845/msnau.2021.4.3
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