PREVENTION OF KETOSIS IN COWS AFTER CALVING ON THE ANALYSIS OF HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS
Abstract
Hyperketonemia is a worldwide problem in high-yielding cows. This is the most important metabolic disease in dairy cows in Ukraine and other countries, which is a typical disease for production. In cows, ketosis most often develops in the first two months of lactation. The paper presents the results of the study of cows after calving with signs of ketosis. The purpose of the study was to examine post-calving dairy cows with a high risk of ketosis and to develop a prevention strategy. In total, 40 Holstein cows after calving were involved in the study. The animals calved in January 2024 and were milked normally during the transition period. The animals were fed the same general mixed rations, which included concentrates, soybean meal, corn silage, alfalfa hay, timothy hay, enzyme, mineral and vitamin supplements. Milked twice a day in the morning and in the evening. Blood sampling was performed once every 3 days (8 times after 21 days from calving) in the postpartum transition period. The daily survival rate in animals of the experimental group was higher on the 7th–9th day by 9.42%; 10–12 days 9.02%; on the 13th–15th day – 6.35%; on the 16th–18th day – 10.38%; on 19–21 days –15.27%. The frequency of ketosis in the experimental group had a maximum indicator on the ninth day of research. The average volume of erythrocytes was greater in the group of cows with ketosis by 9.73%. The number of reticulocytes in the experimental group of animals was higher by 53.75%. The number of neutrophils was lower in patients with subclinical ketosis of cows by 15.07%, lymphocytes by 21.53%; monocytes – by 29.54%, eosinophils – by 47.82% and basophils – by 40.0%, compared to the control. Signs of ketosis are characterized by an increase in β-hydroxybutyrate, glucose, total bilirubin, non-esterified fatty acids and globulins. At the same time, the content of triglycerides and cholesterol decreased in the diseased animals, compared to the control ones. The activity of alkaline phosphatase was lower in sick animals by 10.95%, lactate dehydrogenase by 10.05%, amylase by 23.79%, lipase by 15.64%, compared to the control group.
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