Effect of probiotics on rumen microorganisms

Volodymyr Kassich; Oleksandr Nechiporenko

doi:10.32845/bsnau.vet.2020.2.1

Volodymyr Kassich Sumy National Agrarian University https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9859-8036
Oleksandr Nechiporenko Sumy National Agrarian University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9030-9719

DOI: https://doi.org/10.32845/bsnau.vet.2020.2.1

Keywords: Key words: probiotics, calves, gastrointestinal microflora, digestion, rumen

Abstract

The article presents the results of a study on the use of probiotics based on strains of spore-forming microorganisms Bacillus lisheniformis and Bacillus subtilis for young cattle. The use of probiotics in dairy farming increases the body's resistance, restores the intestinal microbiocenosis and reduces the risk of infectious diseases of animals, prevention and treatment of dysbacteriosis. The importance of the microbial population in feed transformation and rumen fermentation processes to increase animal productivity and reduce the occurrence of rumen acidosis. The introduction of probiotics improves the health of the animal, competing for the use of nutrients by pathogenic microbes, having a positive effect on the intestinal microflora. In addition, their antipathogenic activity can reduce stress in animals. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of probiotic strains of microorganisms on the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract in calves. The research was carried out in the conditions of the farm of "Khlibodar", Sumy region, which keeps cattle of different technological groups. The use of probiotic strains of spore-forming microorganisms Bacillus lisheniformis and Bacillus subtilis affected the results of scar fermentation, such as the amount of volatile fatty acids, ammonia concentration of the scar and the pH of the scar. The mechanism of action of the bacterium B. subtilis is associated with the ability to produce antibiotic-like substances and enzymes and strengthen the body's defenses against common and specific pathogens, to stimulate the normal growth of intestinal microflora. Produced by B. subtilis substances also actively inhibit the growth and development of harmful bacteria, viruses and fungi, without causing them to become addicted. Immunomodulatory action is associated with the activation of macrophages, strengthening the barrier function of the intestine, activation of T and B lymphocytes. Destroying harmful microorganisms, free up space for the settlement of lacto-and bifidobacteria, which are typical representatives of the normal microflora.

References

1. Basso, F.C., Adesogan, A.T., Lara E.C., Rabelo, C. H. S., Berchielli, T. T., Teixeira, I.A., Siqueira, G. R., Reis, R. A. (2014). Effects of feeding corn silage inoculated with microbial additives on the ruminal fermentation, microbial protein yield, and growth performance of lambs. J Anim Sci. 92(12),5640‐5650. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2014-8258
2. Kong, L., Yang, C., Dong, L., Diao, Q., Si, B., Ma, J., & Tu, Y. (2019). Rumen Fermentation Characteristics in Pre- and Post-Weaning Calves upon Feeding with Mulberry Leaf Flavonoids and Candida tropicalis Individually or in Combination as a Supplement. Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 9(11), 990. doi.org/10.3390/ani9110990
3. Shkromada, O., Palii, A., Palii, A., Skliar, O., Dudchenko, Y., & Necherya, T. (2019). Improvement of milk quality for micro-climate formation on cattle farms. Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. The Series: Veterinary Medicine, (4 (47), 43-49. https://doi.org/10.32845/bsnau.vet.2019.4.7
4. Liu, X., Zhao, W., Yu, D., Cheng, J. G., Luo, Y., Wang, Y., Yang, Z. X., Yao, X. P., Wu, S. S., Wang, W. Y., Yang, W., Li, D. Q., & Wu, Y. M. (2019). Effects of compound probiotics on the weight, immunity performance and fecal microbiota of forest musk deer. Scientific reports, 9(1), 19146. doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-55731-5
5. Rybachuk, Z., Shkromada, O., Predko, A., & Dudchenko, Y. (2020). Influence of probiotics “Immunobacterin-D” on biocenoses and development of the gastrointestinal tract of calves. Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies. Series: Veterinary Sciences, 22(98), 22-27. https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet9804
6. Govender, M., Choonara, Y. E., Kumar, P., du Toit, L. C., van Vuuren, S., & Pillay, V. (2014). A review of the advancements in probiotic delivery: Conventional vs. non-conventional formulations for intestinal flora supplementation. AAPS PharmSciTech, 15(1), 29–43. https://doi.org/10.1208/s12249-013-0027-1
7. Mingmongkolchai, S., & Panbangred, W. (2018). Bacillus probiotics: an alternative to antibiotics for livestock production. Journal of applied microbiology, 124(6), 1334–1346. https://doi.org/10.1111/jam.13690
8. Kapse, N. G., Engineer, A. S., Gowdaman, V., Wagh, S., & Dhakephalkar, P. K. (2019). Functional annotation of the genome unravels probiotic potential of Bacillus coagulans HS243. Genomics, 111(4), 921–929. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygeno.2018.05.022
9. Fijan S. (2014). Microorganisms with claimed probiotic properties: an overview of recent literature. International journal of environmental research and public health, 11(5), 4745–4767. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph110504745
10. Izuddin, W. I., Humam, A. M., Loh, T. C., Foo, H. L., & Samsudin, A. A. (2020). Dietary Postbiotic Lactobacillus plantarum Improves Serum and Ruminal Antioxidant Activity and Upregulates Hepatic Antioxidant Enzymes and Ruminal Barrier Function in Post-Weaning Lambs. Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 9(3), 250. doi.org/10.3390/antiox9030250
11. Silva, L.D.D., Pereira, O.G., Silva, T.C.D., Valadares Filho, S.C., Ribeiro, K.G. (2016) Effects of silage crop and dietary crude protein levels on digestibility ruminal fermentation, nitrogen use efficiency, and performance of finishing beef cattle. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 220, 22–33. https://doi: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.07.008.
12. Aikman, P.C., Henning, P.H., Humphries, D.J., Horn, C.H. (2010). Rumen pH and fermentation characteristics in dairy cows supplemented with Megasphaera elsdenii NCIMB 41125 in early lactation. J. Dairy Sci. 94, 2840–2849. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2010-3783
13. Stover, P.J., Durga, J., Field, M.S. (2017). Folate nutrition and blood–brain barrier dysfunction. Curr Opin Biotechnol. 44, 146–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2017.01.006.
14. Diao, Q., Zhang, R., Tu, Y. (2017). Current research progresses on calf rearing and nutrition in China. J. Integr. 16, 2805–2814. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2095-3119(17)61767-2
15. Sun, P., Wang, J.Q., Zhang, H.T. (2010). Effects of Bacillus subtilis natto on performance and immune function of preweaning calves. J Dairy Sci. 93(12), 5851‐5855. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2010-3263
16. Shinde, T., Vemuri, R., Shastri, M.D., Perera, A.P., Tristram, S., Stanley, R., Eri, R. (2019). Probiotic Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 spores exhibit excellent in-vitro functional efficacy in simulated gastric survival, mucosal adhesion and immunomodulation. J. Funct. Foods, 52, 100–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2018.10.031.
17. Uyeno Y., Shigemori S., Shimosato T. (2015). Effect of Probiotics/ Prebiotics on Cattle Health and Productivity:Mini review. Microbs. Environ. 30 (2):126-132.
18. Seo J.K., Kim S., Kim M.H., Upadhaya S.D., Kam D.K., Ha J.K. (2010). Direct-fed Microbials for Ruminant Animals. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 23 (12):1657-1667