COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF SOME INDICATORS WORKS OF THE HYPOCHLORITE INSTALLATION IN THE PROCESS OF WATER DISINFECTION
Abstract
Water is an indispensable raw material for ensuring the life of people, animals and all living things. Once in the body, it helps absorb nutrients, regulate body temperature, and remove toxins, but in order not to cause harm, it must clearly meet quality and safety standards. The important thing is that contaminated tap water becomes poison for the body. Compliance of water with sanitary and chemical indicators of quality is one of the main factors of successful breeding of productive animals. Numerous classes of pathogens entering the environment with human and animal excreta are causative agents of infectious diseases. All of them have a pronounced resistance in the water environment to most disinfectants. The infectious dose of viral agents and protozoa is lower than that of bacteria: in the range of one to ten infectious units or oocysts. At least 2 billion people in the world use a source of drinking water contaminated with feces. Contaminated water can be a factor in the transfer of pathogens of such diseases as: diarrhea, cholera, dysentery, typhoid and poliomyelitis. Drinking water contaminated with pathogens is responsible for 485,000 deaths worldwide every year. In developing countries, 22% of medical facilities do not have water supply, 21% do not have sanitation services, and 22% do not have waste management services. In order to study the methods of water disinfection, in particular the effectiveness of using a hypochlorite plant in productive animal husbandry, we conducted bacteriological studies of water safety. To compare indicators, sampling was carried out before starting the hypochlorite plant and during its operation. As a result of the research, it was found that using a hypochlorite unit, it is possible to successfully remove biological agents from water, obtaining water that meets sanitary and hygienic requirements.
References
2. Babiienko, V.V., & Mokiienko, A.V. (2022) Znezarazhennia vody [Water disinfection]. Odesa, 71. [in Ukrainian].
3. Babiienko, V.V., & Mokiienko, A.V. (2022). Propedevtyka hihiieny. [Hygiene propaedeutics]. Odesa, Pres-kurier, 400 [in Ukrainian].
4. Bordunova, O., & Dolbanosova, R. (2023). A simple electrochemical technique for obtaining biocidal antiviral, antibacterial and antifungal nanoparticles of calcium carbonate from the eggshell waste. IEEE NAP 13-th International Conference Nanomaterials: Applications & Properties. Bratislava, Slovakia, 10–15.
5. Bordunova, O.H., Kovalenko, L.M., Dolbanosova, R.V. & Chivanov, V.D. (2021). Tradytsiini zakhody sanatsii i dezinfektsii u promyslovomu ptakhivnytstv [Traditional sanitation and disinfection measures in industrial poultry farming]. Kherson, Oldi-plius, 240. [in Ukrainian].
6. Directive (EU) 2020/2184 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2020 on the quality of water intended for human consumption (recast) (Text with EEA relevance). URL: http://data.europa.eu/eli/dir/2020/2184/oj.
7. Drinking-water. URL: https://www.who.int/ru/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ drinking-water.
8. DSanPiN 2.2.4-171-2010 (2010). Hihiienichni vymohy do vody pytnoi, pryznachenoi dlia spozhyvannia liudynoiu [DSanPiN 2.2.4-171-2010 Hygienic requirements for drinking water intended for human consumption]. URL: http:// zakon1.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z0452-10. [in Ukrainian].
9. DSTU 4078-2001 (2001). Yakist vody. Vyznachannia nitratu. Ch. 3. Spektrometrychnyi metod iz zastosovuvanniam sulfosalitsylovoi kysloty [Water quality. Determination of nitrate. Part 3. Spectrometric method using sulfosalicylic acid]. [in Ukrainian].
10. DSTU 7525:2014 (2014). Voda pytna. Vymohy ta metody kontroliuvannia yakosti [Drinking water. Requirements and methods of quality control]. Kyiv, Ministry of Economic Development of Ukraine, 36. [in Ukrainian].
11. DSTU ISO 7393-1:2003 (2004). Yakist vody. Vyznachannia nezviazanoho khloru ta zahalnoho khloru. Ch. 1. Tytrometrychnyi metod iz zastosovuvanniam N,N-dietyl1,4-fenilen-diaminu [Water quality. Determination of unbound chlorine and total chlorine. Part 1. Titrometric method using N, N-diethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine]. Kyiv, Derzhspozhyvstandart of Ukraine, 10. [in Ukrainian].
12. DSTU ISO 7875-1:2012 (2012). Yakist vody. Vyznachennia poverkhnevo-aktyvnykh rechovyn. Ch. 1. Metod vyznachennia vmistu anionnykh poverkhnevo-aktyvnykh rechovyn vymiriuvanniam indeksu metylenovoho blakytnoho (MBAR) [Water quality. Determination of surfactants. Part 1. Method for determining the content of anionic surfactants by measuring the methylene blue index (ICBM)]. Kyiv: Derzhspozhyvstandart Ukrainy, 12. [in Ukrainian].
13. Dyrektyva Rady 98/83/IeS «Pro yakist vody, pryznachenoi dlia spozhyvannia liudynoiu». [Council Directive 98/83/EC "On the quality of water intended for human consumption]. URL: http://zakon0.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/994_963 [in Ukrainian].
14. Ekolohichna sytuatsiia ta stan pytnyi vod Ukrainy [Ecological situation and state of drinking water of Ukraine]. URL: http://www.ecolive.com.ua/content/blogs/ekologichnasituatsiya-ta-stan-pitnikh-vod-ukraini [in Ukrainian].
15. Guidelines for drinking-water quality (2017). CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. World Health Organization. 631.
16. Hakalo, O.I. (2011). Prohnoz yakosti vody z dzherel tsentralizovanoho vodopostachannia Rivnenskoi oblasti. [Prediction of water quality taken from centralized water supply sources in Rivne region]. URL: www.kdu.edu.ua/statti/2011-1-1(66)/118.pdf
17. Hryn, H.I., Mokhonko, V.I., & Suvorin, O.V. (2019). Metody vymiriuvannia parametriv navkolyshnoho seredovyshcha [Methods of measuring environmental parameters]. 420. [in Ukrainian].
18. Leclerc, H., Schwartzbrod, L., & Dei-Cas, E. (2002). Microbial agents associated with waterborne diseases. Critical reviews in microbiology, 28(4), 371–409. https://doi.org/10.1080/1040-840291046768
19. Mokiienko, A.V., Petrenko, N.F., & Hozhenko, A.I. (2011). Znezarazhennia vody. Hihiienichni y medykoekolohichni aspekty [Water disinfection. Hygienic and medico-ecological aspects]. Odesa, 484 [in Ukrainian].
20. Mustiashcha, O.N., & Yankovych, V.M. (2012). Zahalna khimiia [General chemistry]. Kyiv: Aristei, 466 [in Ukrainian].
21. Nakaz MOZ Ukrainy vid 18.02.2022 № 341 «Pro zatverdzhennia Zmin do dodatku 2 do Derzhavnykh sanitarnykh norm ta pravyl «Hihiienichni vymohy do vody pytnoi, pryznachenoi dlia spozhyvannia liudynoiu». [On the approval of Amendments to Appendix 2 to the State Sanitary Norms and Rules "Hygienic requirements for drinking water intended for human consumption]. URL: https://moz.gov.ua/article/ministry-mandates/nakaz-moz-ukraini-vid-18022022--341-pro-zatverdzhennja-zmin-do-dodatku-2-do-derzhavnih-sanitarnih-norm-ta-pravil-gigienichni-vimogi-do-vodi-pitnoi-priznachenoi-dlja-spozhivannja-ljudinoju. [in Ukrainian].
22. Natsionalna dopovid pro yakist pytnoi vody ta stan pytnoho vodopostachannia v Ukraini u 2019 rotsi. [National report on the quality of drinking water and the state of drinking water supply in Ukraine]. URL. https://mtu.gov.ua/content/nacionalna-dopovid-pro-yakist-pitnoi-vodi-ta-stan-pitnogo-vodopostachannya-v-ukraini.html [in Ukrainian].
23. Bordunova, O.G., Chivanov, V.D., Klochkova, T.I., & Dolbanosova R.V. (2021). Thermal analysis of avian eggshell. Baltija Publishing, 144.
24. Zvit pro stan navkolyshnoho pryrodnoho seredovyshcha v Chernihivskii oblasti za 2016 rik [Report on the state of the environment in Chernihiv region in 2016]. URL: http: //eco.cg.gov.ua/index. php?id= 15801&tp = 1&pg [in Ukrainian].
25. Sodium hypochlorite. URL: https://klebrig.com.ua/ua/a489605-gipohlorit-natriyu.html.
26. Suchasni metody kondytsiiuvannia ta ochyshchennia vody. [Modern methods of water conditioning and purification]. URL: https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/50668 [in Ukrainian].
27. Tolstopalova, N.M., Litynska, M.I., Obushenko, T.I., & Astrelin, I.M. (2020). Tekhnolohiia ta obladnannia oderzhannia pytnoi ta tekhnichnoi vody [Technology and equipment for obtaining drinking and technical water]. Kyiv. 12. [in Ukrainian].
28. What are the drinking water standards? URL: http://dwi.defra.gov.uk/consumers/advice-leaflets/standards.
ISSN 
ISSN 
