Use of geoinformation technologies (GIS) in the system of monitoring and prevention of animal leptospirosis of the Cherkas region

Abstract

The article deals with the application of geographic information technologies (GIS) as a system of monitoring and prevention of animal leptospirosis in Cherkasy region. The analysis of modern programs, where GIS monitoring in veterinary medicine is used, has been carried out.

The structure of the database monitoring of animal leptospirosis in Cherkasy region with GIS being used, should include the regional data on: geographic indicators, wildlife habitats and pastures; farm, wild and domestic animals in number; categories of farms; pedigree value; veterinary and other institutions that provide the accounts with their mandatory inclusion in the automatic digital calculating programs (Excel).

In 2012 – 2017 the animals in Cherkasy region numbered in 838212 head of cattle, 75383 head of small cattle,1607283 head of pigs, 15195 head of horses. The density of different categories of farms raising these animal species has even distribution; among them 12 districts have dairy farms, 1 district - meat farms, 6 districts - dairy and meat farms.

The number of wild animals in Cherkasy region in 2017 was: elk  –  81 head; deer – 331 head; roe deer – 6783 head; wild boars – 2380 head, foxes – 2323 head; they were evenly distributed on 1574.9 thousand hectares,and 30 hunting grounds.

During the determination of epizootic situation of animal leptospirosis in Cherkasy region in 2012 –  2017, 95106 animals were tested, among them 5078 animals appeared positive for leptospirosis in microagglutination test (MAT), out of which – 4454 head of cattle and pigs - together 87.71%; other species, including wild animals – 624 head (12.29%). The density of leptospirosis cases in the districts among all animal species ranges from 0 to 20%, the highest density is in Cherkasy region; in three areas there was no reporting on any positive cases.

Species composition of animals with leptospirosis in Cherkasy region in 2012–2017 was determined by: cattle – 89.17%, small cattle – 0.20, horses – 2.68, pigs – 7.82%; wild goats – 0.02% and wild boars –0.06%; dogs - 0.02%, cats - 0.04%.

The etiological profile of animal leptospirosis in Cherkasy region in 2012–2017 consisted mainly of mixed serogroup types - Pomona, Australis, Canicola, Grippotiphosa, Tarassovi, Icnterohaemorrhagiae –32.79%; in the second place - mixed Hebdomadis and Sejroe –14.09%; in the third – Australis –14.17%; separately - Hebdomadis and Sejroe - 11.01 and 11.81%, respectively, Icnterohaemorrhagiae - 8.08%. All others - Pomona Canicola, Grippotiphosa, Tarassovi - from 3 to 0,5%.

Adoption of the effective preventative measures of animal leptospirosis in Cherkasy region has become possible on the basis of the complete informative database, awareness about the animal species and their number - among those being registered and tested for leptospirosis, their etiological structure in the above mentioned region with GIS being used.