FEATURES OF THE COURSE, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF UROLITHIASIS IN DOGS
Abstract
Monitoring studies determined the prevalence, age, sex, and seasonal characteristics of the course of urolithiasis in dogs in the conditions of a metropolis, carefully analyzed the diet of sick animals; urine sediment microscopy, X-ray and sonographic studies were performed. In the experiment, in addition to Ceftriaxone, No-Shpa and Phytoelita, antihomotoxic drugs (Mukosa Kompositum, Traumel Kompositum) and Dexamethasone were added to the treatment complex for dogs suffering from urolithiasis. In the absence of a therapeutic effect, a cystotomy was performed with the removal of uroliths. Of the concretions, oxalates and urates were more common. During differential diagnosis and quality control of treatment measures, x-ray and sonographic examination was performed in experimental and control groups. The high efficiency of these visual methods for urolithiasis has been noted. Urolithiasis was more common in overweight dogs aged 1 to 10 years. In most cases, the disease was registered in small breeds, especially Pekingese, cocker spaniels and Yorkshire terriers. The incidence of urolithiasis was recorded almost evenly throughout the year and was somewhat higher in the spring and autumn periods. The treatment of the animals of the experimental group was more effective, allowed to relieve inflammation sooner and ensure better regeneration of the mucous membranes of the urinary tract, which was confirmed by the results of laboratory and ultrasound studies. It has been established that by performing a visual diagnosis, it is possible to assess the state of the organs of the urinary system with high probability, identify concretions, determine their size and localization in order to prescribe effective conservative, operative or complex treatment. X-ray and sonographic studies of the urinary system make it possible to effectively monitor the dynamics of the effectiveness of medical measures, and, if necessary, to make corrections to the therapeutic effect on the animal’s body. Microscopy of urine sediment, which is an accessible, informative and inexpensive method, is also important during differential diagnosis. During the complex treatment of dogs with urolithiasis, we recommend adding homeopathic drugs and glucocorticoids, and in the presence of large or insoluble calculi in the bladder, perform cytotomy.
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