SPONTANEOUS MANIFESTATION OF ANAEROBIC ENTEROTOXEMIA IN RAM CAUSED BY C. PERFRINGENS WITH EXOTOXINS C AND D
Abstract
The paper presents materials regarding the spontaneous manifestation of anaerobic enterotoxemia in a sheep. The goal of the study was to conduct a comparative patho-anatomical assessment of the detected spontaneous manifestation of infectious enterotoxemia in sheep against those described in the literature. Materials and methods included generally accepted clinical, patho-anatomical, pathomorphological and bacteriological studies. As a result of the research, it was established that the vast majority of patho-anatomical changes were found at the autopsy of the carcass of a ram that died from enterotoxemia. correspond with those described in the literary sources of previous years. The uncovered changes were similar to the lesions caused by C. perfingens, which produces toxin D. At the same time, some differences were detected which may be related to the additional effect of toxin C. Thus lymph node and spleen reactivity was absent upon cavity examination (thoracic and abdominal) and no exudate was found. The shape of the heart was changed, which indicates compensatory changes and pulmonary failure. Areas of edema, hemorrhages and necrosis were found in the lungs in addition to pervasive congestive hyperemia. Acute congestive hyperemia was expressed in the liver, small hemorrhages and focal necrotic lesions were found upon the removal of the capsule. Microscopically we identified signs of congestive hyperemia, cloudy swelling, hepatocyte lysis, localized necrotic areas accompanied by beam structure decoupling together with significant volume increase due to neutrophilic and lymphocytic infiltration and Kupfer cell migration. The mucous membrane of the omasum was almost completely saturated with blood, the organ walls were swollen and had gelatinous consistency. No significant pathological changes were observed in other antrums. Signs of serous catarrh predominated in the small intestine, but continuous hemorrhagic inflammation was found in the ileum. Microscopic changes included hyperemia, edema, cellular infiltration, enterocyte desquamation at the villi apices, and in some areas – total destruction of the submucosal layer. Lesions in the large intestine were consistent with serous catarrhal colitis. In the kidneys, the pathological picture was characterized by the presence of necrotic nephrosis, which most researchers consider a pathognomonic sign of the disease.
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