FORMATION OF SOWING SEED FRACTIONS OF WINTER BREAD WHEAT CULTIVARS DEPENDS ON LINEAR DIMENSIONS OF CARYOPSES
Keywords:
winter wheat, cultivar, sorting, fraction, linear dimensions, thousand kernel weight.
Abstract
The effects of linear dimensions of caryopses on the formation of sowing seed fractions of winter bread wheat cultivars and lines as well as on the manifestation of quality indicators were studied. It was found that, in sorting, the caryopsis thickness was the limiting factor for grain passing through the sieve holes. The caryopsis width and thickness, thousand kernel weight, and seed germination were significantly affected by year, variety, seed fraction, and their interactions. The linear dimensions of the caryopsis affected the thousand kernel weights in individual fractions. For the fraction > 2.8 mm, this parameter exceeded 50 g in the following cultivars: Doskonala, Pryvablyva, Zdobna, Pryvitna, Metelytsia Kharkivska, Haiok, Podolianka, Smuhlianka, and Lutescens 217-13 line. As to cvs. Bunchuk, Yednist, Krasa Laniv, and Ferugineum 1239 (landrace), this parameter was lower than 45 g. A diminution in the sieve holes by 0.3 mm was associated with a decrease in the thousand kernel weight of the corresponding fraction by 10 g. A high output of large seed fractions was mainly recorded for semi-intensive cultivars: Doskonala, Pryvablyva, Pryvitna, and Podolianka, except for cv. Zdobna. For their separating, using a sieve with holes of 2.8 x 20 mm is advisable. Cvs. Harmonika, Krasa Laniv, Dyvo, Bunchuk, Yednist, and Smuhlianka gave small outputs of large seed fractions; these cultivars had a high density of productive stems with small but well-filled kernels. When separating seeds of these cultivars, sieves with holes of 2.2 x 20 mm should be used to achieve a high output of certified seeds. Seeds of cvs. Statna, Vyhadka, Fermerka, Doridna, Roskishna, and Haiok should be separated on sieves with holes of 2.5 x 20 mm. High yields were harvested from cultivars with both high and low outputs of large seeds, i.e., the linear dimensions of the caryopsis, thousand kernel weight, and outputs of seeds of different fractions cannot be considered as determinants of yielding capacity; however, they should be taken into account when one chooses parameters of seed separation and sorting.
References
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4. Berdnikova, O. H., & Kucherak, E. M. (2021). Doslidzhennia produktyvnosti sortovoho skladu pshenytsi ozymoi v umovakh Pivdennoho Stepu Ukrainy.[Research on the impact of the varietal composition of winter wheat under conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine]. Ahrarni innovatsii, 5, 114–118 (in Ukrainian). https://doi.org/10.32848/agrar.innov.2021.5.18
5. Charushahi, V. I. B. H. U. T. I., Bargali, K. I. R. A. N., & Bargali, S. S. (2015). Influence of seed size and salt stress on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum). Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 85(9), 1134-7.
6. Chebotar, H., Chebotar, S., Khokhlov, O., Motsnyi, I., & Syvolap, Yu. (2009). Kharakterystyka za morfometrychnymy parametramy zernivky linii-analohiv miakoi pshenytsi, shcho rizniatsia aleliamy heniv korotkosteblovosti. [Characteristic by morphometric parameters of the grain of analogue-lines of winter bread wheat, differing by alleles of the dwarfing genes]. Visnyk Lviv. Un-tu. Seriia biolohichna, 51, 49–54 (in Ukrainian).
7. Drouyer, G. J-P., Bonnett, D. G., & Ellis, M. H. (2008). Unravelling the effects of GAresponsive dwarfing gene RHT 13 on yield and grain size. 11th International Wheat Genetics Symposium. URL: https://ses.library.usyd.edu.au/bitstream/handle/ 2123/3439/P306.pdf?sequence=1
8. DSTU 4138-2002. Nasinnia silskohospodarskykh kultur. Metody vyznachennia yakosti. [Seeds of agricultural crops. Quality determination methodology]. K. : Derzhspozhyvstandart Ukrainy, 2003, 173 (in Ukrainian).
9. DSTU 2240-93. Nasinnia silskohospodarskykh kultur. Sortovi ta posivni yakosti. Tekhnichni umovy. [Seeds of agricultural plants varietal and sowing characteristics. Specifications]. K. : Derzhstandart Ukrainy, 1994, 73 (in Ukrainian).
10. Ermantraunt, E. R., Hoptsii, T. I., Kalenska, S. M., Kryvoruchenko, R. V., Turchynova, N. P., & Prysiazhniuk, O. I. (2014). Metodyka selektsiinoho eksperymentu (u roslynnytstvi). [Method of breeding experiment (in crop production)]. Kharkiv : KhNAU im. V. V. Dokuchaieva, 229 (in Ukrainian).
11. Gadisa, A. (2019). Review on the effect of seed source and size on grain yield of bread wheat (Tritium aestivum L.). J Ecol & Nat Resour, 3(1), 000155. https://doi.org/10.23880/jenr-16000155
12. Garamu, T., Gammachu, H., & Tashooma, E. (2023). Evaluation of Different Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Varieties for Seed Quality Analysis in South Eastern Ethiopia. International Journal of Genetics and Genomics, 11(3), 86–90. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijgg.20231103.14
13. Havryliuk, M. M., & Konovalov, D. V. (2014). Ekolohichna plastychnist sortiv – innovatsii ta yakist nasinnia [Environmental plasticity of varieties – innovations and seed quality] Nasinnytstvo, 2, 15–20 (in Ukrainian).
14. Hospodarenko, H. M., Liubych, V. V., Polianetska, I. O., & Vorobiova, N. V. (2017). Fizyko-mekhanichni vlastyvosti zerna riznykh sortiv i linii pshenyts. [Physico-mechanical properties of grain of different varieties and lines of wheat]. Visnyk Dnipropetrovskoho derzhavnoho ahrarno-ekonomichnoho universytetu, 3, 11–18 (in Ukrainian).
15. Kalenska, S. M., Novytska, N. V., Zhemoida, V. L., Kachura, Ie. V., Makrushyn, M. M., Polishchuk, I. S., Shynkaruk, V. A., Polishchuk, M. I., Kovalenko, O. A., Kutsenko, O. M., Liashenko, V. V., Zakharova, V. O., & Ostrenko, M. V. (2011). Nasinnieznavstvo ta metody vyznachennia yakosti nasinnia silskohospodarskykh kultur [Seed science and methods for determining the quality of the seed crops]. Vinnytsia: FOP Danyliuk, 320 (in Ukrainian).
16. Kotkov, V. I., & Pustovit, L. V. (2015). Vplyv rozmiru zernivok na yikh mitsnist i yakist nasinnia. [The influence of grain size on the strength and quality of seeds]. Konstruiuvannia, vyrobnytstvo ta ekspluatatsiia silskohospodarskykh mashyn, 45 (2), 147–151 (in Ukrainian).
17. Kristó, I., Vályi-Nagy, M., Rácz, A., Irmes, K., Szentpéteri, L., Jolánkai, M., Kovács, G. P., Fodor, M. Á., Ujj, A., Valentinyi, K. V., & Tar, M. (2023). Effects of Nutrient Supply and Seed Size on Germination Parameters and Yield in the Next Crop Year of Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Agriculture, 13(2), 419. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13020419
18. Kulyk, M. I., Onopriienko, O. V., Syplyva, N. O., & Haidai, A. O. (2020) Minlyvist elementiv struktury vrozhaiu ta vrozhainist sortiv pshenytsi ozymoi zalezhno vid peredposivnoho kalibruvannia nasinnievoho materialu [Variability of elements of yield structure and yield of winter wheat varieties depending from pre-sowing calibration]. Naukovi dopovidi NUBiP Ukrainy, 5 (87) (in Ukrainian) https://doi.org/10.31548/dopovidi2020.05.007
19. Kulyk, M. І., Rozhkov, А. О., Kalinichenko, О. V., Taranenko, А. О., & Onopriienko, О. V. (2020). Effect of winter wheat variety, hydrothermal coefficient (HTC) and thousand kernel weight (TKW) on protein content, grain and protein yield. Agronomy Research. 18(3), 2103–2119. https://doi.org/10.15159/ar.20.187
20. Kyrpa, M. Ya. (2013). Krupnist ta posivni yakosti nasinnia pshenytsi ozymoi [Size and sowing qualities of winter wheat seeds]. Selektsiia i nasinnytstvo, 103, 178–186 (in Ukrainian). https://doi.org/10.30835/2413-7510.2013.54091
21. Lutak, I. A., & Shapoval, A. V. (2015). Nasinnieva produktyvnist pshenytsi yaroi zalezhno vid fraktsiinoho skladu, sortu ta rivniv udobrennia. [Seed productivity of spring wheat depending on the fractional composition, variety and fertilizer levels]. Zbirnyk naukovykh prats Natsionalnoho naukovoho tsentru Instytut zemlerobstva NAAN, 1, 158–165 (in Ukrainian).
22. Milivojević, M., Ripka, Z., & Petrović, T. (2018). ISTA rules changes in seed germination testing at the beginning of the 21st century. Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture. 22(1), 40–45. https://doi.org/10.5937/JPEA1801040M
23. Muhsin, M., Nawaz, M., Khan, I., Chattha, M. B., Khan, S., Aslam, M. T., Iqbal, M. M., Amin, M. Z., Ayub, M. A., Anwar, U., Hassan, M. U., & Chattha, M. U. (2021). Efficacy of seed size to improve field performance of wheat under late sowing conditions. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research, 34(1), 247–253. http://dx.doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjar/2021/34.1.247.253
24. Onopriienko, O. V., Kulyk, M. I., Taranenko, A. O., & Taranenko, S. V. (2020). Vplyv umov vyroshchuvannia i riznoiakisnosti nasinnia na vrozhainist ta vmist bilka v zerni pshenytsi ozymoi. [Influence of growing conditions and seed of different qualities on yielding capacity and protein content in winter wheat grain]. Agrology, 3(3), 164‒170 (in Ukrainian). doi: 10.32819/020019
25. Onychko, T. O. (2017). Vplyv sortovykh osoblyvostei ta yakosti nasinnia na formuvannia vrozhainosti zerna pshenytsi ozymoi. [Influence of varietal characteristics and seed quality on forming winter wheat crop yield]. Visnyk Sumskoho natsionalnoho ahrarnoho universytetu. Seriia: Ahronomiia i biolohiia, 9(34), 61–65 (in Ukrainian).
26. Polishchuk, V. V., Konovalov, D. V., Ivanytska, A. P., & Liashenko, S. O. (2023). Nasinnieva produktyvnist pshenytsi ozymoi zalezhno vid yii tekhnolohii vyroshchuvannia [Seed productivity of winter wheat depending on its cultivation technologies]. Visnyk Umanskoho natsionalnoho universytetu sadivnytstva, 2, 20–26 (in Ukrainian). https://doi.org/10.32782/2310-0478-2023-2-20-26
27. Skrypnyk, O. O., Leonov,O. Yu., Shyianova, T. P., Suvorova, K. Yu. & Usova, Z. V. (2021). Pokaznyky yakosti nasinnia zrazkiv pshenytsi miakoi ozymoi v zalezhnosti vid fraktsiinoho skladu [Seed quality indicators of winter bread wheat accessions depending on the grain size]. Selektsiia i nasinnytstvo, 119, 84–93 (in Ukrainian). https://doi.org/10.30835/2413-7510.2021.237013
28. Тkachyk, S. O. (2014). Metodyka provedennia ekspertyzy sortiv roslyn hrupy zernovykh, krupianykh ta zernobobovykh na prydatnist do poshyrennia v Ukraini (PSP). [Method for grain, cereal and leguminous varieties VCU expert examination in Ukraine]. Nilan-LTD, Kyiv, 82 (in Ukrainian).
29. Voloshchuk, O., Voloshchuk, I., & Hlyva, V. (2014). Nasinnieva produktyvnist y posivna yakist nasinnia sortiv pshenytsi ozymoi zalezhno vid strokiv sivby v umovakh zakhidnoho Lisostepu. [Seed productivity and sowing quality of seed of winter wheat varieties depending on the sowing terms in conditions of the western Forest-Steppe]. Kormy i kormovyrobnytstvo, 79, 82–88 (in Ukrainian).
30. Voloshchuk, I. S., Voloshchuk, O. P., Hlyva, V. V., Hereshko, H. S., & Sluchak, O. M. (2019). Fraktsiinyi sklad sortiv pshenytsi miakoi ozymoi zalezhno vid sformovanoi masy 1000 nasinyn [Fractional composition of winter wheat varieties depending on the formed mass of 1000 seeds]. Peredhirne ta hirske zemlerobstvo i tvarynnytstvo, 65, 12–21 (in Ukrainian). https://www.doi.org/10.32636/01308521.2019-(65)-2
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Published
2023-12-27
How to Cite
Leonov, O. Y., Skrypnyk, O. O., Usova, Z. V., Suvorova, K. Y., & Khukhrianska, M. M. (2023). FORMATION OF SOWING SEED FRACTIONS OF WINTER BREAD WHEAT CULTIVARS DEPENDS ON LINEAR DIMENSIONS OF CARYOPSES. Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. The Series: Agronomy and Biology, 54(4), 31-39. https://doi.org/10.32782/agrobio.2023.4.5
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