Realization of potential of spring triticale varieties in the conditions of the northeastern part of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine
Keywords:
grain weight in the ear, number of grains in the ear, weight of 1000 seeds, yield, protein and gluten content.
Abstract
Spring triticale in the grain complex plays a significant stabilizing role in food grain production. The fact that spring triticale is low demanding to predecessors, soil conditions, technical and fodder value of grain, increased resistance to diseases makes it possible to increase grain production.
The research envisaged the use of the genetic potential of high yields of a relatively new grain crop ‒ spring triticale, which expands the possibilities of producing pure products and stabilizes the market of ecologically safe food grain.
Varieties of spring triticale had an average plant weight in the range of 2.4‒3.0 g. The greatest weight of the plant was observed in the variety Husar Kharkivskyi ‒ 3.0 g. On average, over the years of research, the maximum weight of the spring triticale ear was distinguished by plants of the Husar Kharkivskyi variety ‒ 2.0 g. Smaller values of plant ear weight were determined in the varieties Zlit Kharkivskyi and Boryviter Kharkivskyi ‒ 1.9, 1.8 g respectively. Experimental data show that the longest ear (on average 9.5 cm) had plants in the variant with the variety Husar Kharkivskyi. The smallest mass of grain from the ear was formed by spring triticale plants in the variety Boryviter Kharkivskyi (1.2 g), the largest one was in the variety Husar Kharkivskyi (1.4 g). The number of grains in the ear ranged from 32.8 to 35,0 pieces. The largest number of grains in the ear was formed by plants of the Husar Kharkivskyi variety ‒ 35 pcs. However, it was found that the largest mass of 1000 grains differed plants in crops of the variety Husar Kharkivskyi ‒ 40.0 g. On average the maximum yield during the research period was formed by the variety Husar Kharkivskyi ‒ 4.76 t/ha. Varieties Boryviter Kharkivskyi and Zlit Kharkivskyi provided yields of 4.08, 4.49 t/ha respectively.
The content of crude gluten in the grain of spring triticale in the years of research was at the level of 24.92‒26.21 %. Varietal characteristics affected the gluten content in triticale grain. Grain with the highest gluten content was obtained in the variety Husar Kharkivskyi ‒ 26.21 %, which is 1.25 % more than in the variety Zlit Kharkivskyi and 1.29 % in the variety Boryviter Kharkivskyi. The protein content in the grain of spring triticale ranged from 12.57 to 13.53 %. The largest amount of protein in the spring triticale grain was obtained in the variety Husar Kharkivskyi ‒ 13.53%. Slightly lower protein content was obtained in the varieties Zlit Kharkivskyi ‒ 12.75 % and Boryviter Kharkivskyi ‒ 12.57 %.
The best conditions for growth, development and crop formation of spring triticale have developed on the variant with the Husar Kharkivskyi variety. This variety provided the maximum yield on average for the research period of 4.76 t/ha with the number of grains in the ear of 35 pcs and weight of 40.0 g for 1000 seeds. The maximum amount of gluten 26.21 % with a protein content of 13.53 % was noted in the grain of the Husar Kharkivskyi variety.
References
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4. Radchenko, M. V., Butenko, A. O., & Glupak, Z. I. (2018). Vplyv systemy udobrennja ta efektyvnist' reguljatora rostu na produktyvnist' grechky v umovah pivnichno-shidnogo lisostepu Ukrai'ny [The influence of fertilizer system and efficacy of growth regulator on buckwheat productivity under the conditions of north-east forest steppe of Ukraine]. Ukrainian Journal of Ecology, 8(2), 89‒94 (in Ukrainian). doi: 10.15421/2018_314 .
5. Rjabchun, V. K., Kapustina, T. B., Mel'nyk, V. S., Chernobaj, S. V., & Shhechenko, O. Je. (2015). Selekcija trytykale jarogo na pidvyshhennja adaptyvnosti ta urozhajnosti [Selection of spring triticale to increase adaptability and yield]. Harkiv (in Ukrainian).
6. Tams, S. H., Bauer, E., Oettler, G., Melchinger, A. E., & Schon, C.-C. (2006). Prospects for hybrid breeding in winter triticale: II. Relationship between parental genetic distance and specific combining ability. Plant Breeding, 125(4), 331‒336. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0523.2006.01218.
7. Butenko, A. O., Sobko, M. G., Ilchenko, V. O., Radchenko, M. V., Hlupak, Z. I., Danylchenko, L. M., & Tykhonova, O. M. (2019). Agrobiological and ecological bases of productivity increase and genetic potential implementation of new buck-wheat cultivars in the conditions of the Northeastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Ukrainian Journal of Ecology, 9 (1), 162‒168 (in Ukrainian). [Electronic resource]. Access mode: https://www.ujecology.com/articles/agrobiological-and-ecological-bases-of-productivity-increase-and-genetic-potential-implementation-of-new-buckwheat-culti.pdf
8. Macholdt, J., & Honermeier, B. (2016). Impact of climate change on cultivar choice: adaptation strategies of farmers and advisors in German gereal production. Agronomy, 6(40) (in Germany). doi: 10.3390/agronomy6030040.
9. Blum, A. (2014). The abiotic stress response and adaptation of triticale – A Review. Cereal Research Communica-tions, 42 (3), 359‒375.
10. Munjonji, L., Ayisi, K. K., & Vandewalle, B. (2017). Yield performance, carbon assimilation and spectral response of triticale to water stress. Experimental Agriculture, 53(1), 100‒117.
11. Djekic, V., Mitrovic, S., Milovanovic, M., Djuric, N., Kresovic, B., Tapanarova, A., Djermanovic, V., & Mitrovic, M. (2011). Implementation of triticale in nutrition of non-ruminant animals. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10, 5697‒5704 (in Serbian). doi: 10.5897/AJB10.986.
12. Diordijeva, I. P., Rjabovol, Ja. S., & Rjabovol, L. O. (2019). Agrobiologichnyj potencial ta pohodzhennja sortu trytykale ozymogo Navarra [Agro-biological potential and origin of Navarra winter triticale variety]. VISNYK Poltavs'koi' derzhavnoi' agrarnoi' akademii', 2, 13‒19 (in Ukrainian). doi: 10.31210/visnyk2019.02.01.
13. Vasyl'jev S. V. (2016). Narodnogospodars'ke znachennja trytykale ta perspektyvy jogo vykorystannja dlja rozshyrennja syrovynnoi' bazy harchovyh vyrobnyctv [Agricultural importance of triticale and prospects of its application to ex-pand the resource base of food production]. Zernovi produkty i kombikormy, 62(2), 13‒18 (in Ukrainian). doi: 10.15673/gpmf.v62i2.138.
14. Ayalew, H., Kumssa, T. T., Butler, T. J., & Ma, X.-F. (2018). Triticale Improvement for Forage and Cover Crop Uses in the Southern Great Plains of the United States. Frontiers in Plant Science, 9, 1130‒1136. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01130.
15. Jonnala, R. S., MacRitchie, F., Herald, T. J., Lafiandra, D., Margiotta, B., & Tilley, M (2010). Protein and Quality Characterization of Triticale Translocation Lines in Breadmaking. Cereal Chemistry Journal, 87(6), 546‒552. doi: 10.1094/cchem-02-10-0025.
16. Gyrka, A. D., Kulyk, I. O., Pedash, O. O., Vinjukov, O. O., & Ishhenko, V. A. (2016). Agroekologichne vyprobuvannja sortiv jaryh zernovyh kul'tur u pivnichnomu Stepu Ukrai'ny [Agroecological testing of spring cereal varieties in northern Steppe of Ukraine]. Biologichnyj visnyk MDPU imeni Bogdana Hmel'nyc'kogo, 6(3), 54‒60 (in Ukrainian). doi: 10.15421/201671.
17. Estrada-Campuzano, G., Slafer, G. A., & Miralles, D. J. (2012). Differences in yield, biomass and their components between triticale and wheat grown under contrasting water and nitrogen environments. Field Crops Research, 128, 167‒179. doi׃ 10.1016/j.fcr.2012.01.003.
18. Chernobaj, S. V., Rjabchun, V. K., Kapustina, T. B., & Shevchenko, O. Je. (2019). Trytykale dlja pizn'oosinn'oi' sivby [Triticale for late autumn sowing]. Kormy i kormovyrobnyctvo, 88, 44‒49 (in Ukrainian). doi׃ 10.31073/kormovyrobnytstvo201988-06
19. Rjabchun, V. K., Shatohin, V. I., & Mel'nyk, V. S. (2010). Vyroshhuvannja trytykale jarogo dlja stabilizacii' vyrobnyctva zerna [Growing spring triticale to stabilize grain production]. Posibnyk ukrai'ns'kogo hliboroba, 199‒203 (in Ukrain-ian).
20. Kononenko, S. Y. (2016). Problemy i perspektivy ispol'zovanija tritikale v kormlenii [Problems and prospects of using triticale in feeding]. Nauchnyj zhurnal KubGAU, 116(02), 826‒854 (in Russian).
21. Rybalka, O. I., Morgun, V. V., Morgun, B. V., & Pochynok, V. M. (2015). Agronomichnyj potencial i perspektyvy trytykale [Agronomic potential and perspectives of triticale]. Fiziologija rastenij i genetika, 47(2), 95‒111 (in Ukrainian).
22. Bilitjuk, A. P., Girko, V. S., Kalens'ka, S. M., & Andrushkiv, M. I. (2004). Trytykale v Ukrai'ni [Triticale in Ukraine]. Ky-i'v (in Ukrainian).
23. Stankov, І., Yanchev, I., & Rajcheva, Ts. (2015). A New Stage of Triticale Breeding and Production in Bulgaria. Journal Article In AGRIS, 48, 3‒4.
24. Bilitjuk A. P. (2006). Vyroshhuvannja intensyvnyh agrocenoziv trytykale ozymogo v umovah Zahidnogo Polissja Ukrai'ny [Growing of intensive agrocenoses of winter triticale in the conditions of Western Polissya of Ukraine]. Zbirnyk naukovyh prac' Volyns'kogo instytutu APV, 72‒87 (in Ukrainian).
25. Kalens'ka, S.M., Prysjazhnjuk, O.I., Polovynchuk, O.Ju., & Novyc'ka, N.V. (2018). Porivnjal'na harakterystyka shkal rostu j rozvytku zernovyh kul'tur [Comparative charac teristics of the growth and development of grain crops]. Plant Varieties Studying and Protection. 4(4), 406-414 (in Ukrainian). doi׃ 10.21498/2518-1017.14.4.2018.151906
26. Kalens'ka, S. M., & Kononjuk G. V. (1996). Produktyvnist' ozymogo trytykale zalezhno vid tehnologij vyroshhuvannja [Productivity of winter triticale depending on cultivation technologies]. Zemlerobstvo: mizhvidom. temat. nauk. zb, 71, 78‒81 (in Ukrainian).
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Published
2020-11-30
How to Cite
Radchenko, M., & Danylchenko, O. (2020). Realization of potential of spring triticale varieties in the conditions of the northeastern part of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. The Series: Agronomy and Biology, 41(3), 33-40. https://doi.org/10.32782/agrobio.2020.3.4
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