WEEDINESS OF WINTER WHEAT CROPS DEPENDING ON GROWING CONDITIONS IN THE FALLOW-GRAIN-ROW CROP ROTATION
Keywords:
winter wheat, weeds, crop rotation, tillage, fertilizers, herbicides
Abstract
Weeds negatively effect on the yield level of winter wheat grain. The effectiveness of limiting growth and development of weeds in crops can be achieved by selecting a crop rotation, a forecrop, methods of the main tillage, a system of fertilization and protection against weeds. The purpose of the article was to establish the influence of these components of the winter wheat cultivation technology on the weediness of its crops. The contamination of crops was determined by monitoring the spread of weeds. According to the research data of 2016–18, 47 types of weeds and contaminants were found in the agrophytocenoses of winter wheat after black fallow as a forecrop in the conditions of the eastern part of the Forest Steppe of Ukraine (early and late spring – 47%, wintering, winter and biennial – 36%, perennial – 17 %), and after peas for grain as a forecrop – 42 species (early and late spring – 45%, wintering, winter and biennial – 38%, perennial – 17%). 5 species were included in the category of very widespread weeds in crops after black fallow (Setaria glauсa, Echinochloa crus-galli, Chenopodium album, Solanum nigrum, Delphinium consolida), and after peas for grain – 14 species (S. glauсa, E. crusgalli, C. album, S. nigrum, Amaranthus retroflexus, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Fallopia convolvulus, Polygonum aviculare, Capsella bursa-pastoris, D. consolida, Galium aparine, Viola arvensis, Cirsium arvense, Convolvulus arvensis). The largest number of species was found after black fallow in the control (plowing, without fertilizers) and after peas for grain by chiseling (manure after effect 30 t/ha + N60P60K60). Herbicides significantly influenced on the dominant role of certain weed species. In crops, the dicotyledonous-cereal-annual-root-sprouting type of weeding prevailed. At the same time, in all studied options, the level of weediness of the crop was annually higher after peas for grain than after black fallow. The obtained data allow more successful control of weeds in winter wheat crops.
References
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2. Chuhrii, H. A. (2020). Otsinka efektyvnosti vyroshchuvannia pshenytsi ozymoi za troma tekhnolohiiamy: intensyvnoiu, orhano-adaptyvnoiu ta orhanichnoiu [Evaluation of the effectiveness of growing winter wheat by three technologies: intensive, organo-adaptive and organic]. Tavriiskyi naukovyi visnyk, 112, 166–173 doi: 10.32851/2226-0099.2020.112.24 (in Ukrainian).
3. Cortés-Jiménez, Juan Manuel; Ortiz-Avalos, Alma Angélica; Fuentes-Dávila, Guillermo; Rosas-Jáuregui, Ivón Alejandra & Félix-Fuentes, José Luis (2021). Effect of Convolvulus arvensis on yield components of durum wheat in an organic production system in the Yaqui Valley, Sonora, Mexico. Annual Wheat Newsletter, 67, 47–51.
4. Hutianskyi, R. A. (2019). Zaburianenist ta vrozhainist ekstremalno piznikh posiviv pshenytsi ozymoi zalezhno vid zernobobovoho poperednyka, herbitsydu ta rehuliatora rostu roslyn [Weediness and yield of extremely late winter wheat crops depending on grain leguminous forecrop, herbicide and plant growth regulator]. Zbirnyk naukovykh prats Natsionalnoho naukovoho tsentru «Instytut zemlerobstva NAAN», 3–4, 26–39 (in Ukrainian).
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6. Khalaf, Y. Bani, Aldahadha, A., Samarah, N., Migdadi, O. & Musallam, I. (2021). Effect of zero tillage and different weeding methods on grain yield of durum wheat in semi-arid regions. Agronomy Research, 19(1), 13–27, doi: 10.15159/AR.20.236
7. Kovalenko, N. P. & Al-Dzhanabi, K. T. B. (2016). Vplyv system osnovnoho obrobitku gruntu na zaburianenist posiviv pshenytsi ozymoi v korotkorotatsiinykh sivozminakh Pivdennoho Stepu Ukrainy [Influence of basic tillage systems on weediness of winter wheat crops in short crop rotations of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine]. Biuleten Instytutu silskoho hospodarstva stepovoi zony NAAN Ukrainy, 10, 53–57 (in Ukrainian).
8. Krivenko, A. I., Pochkolina, S. V. & Bezedi, N. G. (2019). Vydovyi sklad burianiv ta zaburianenist posiviv pshenytsi ozymoi zalezhno vid poperednykiv ta riznykh system osnovnoho obrobitku gruntu v umovakh Prychornomoria [Weeds species and weediness in winter wheat crops depending on predecessors and different systems of basic soil tillage in the Black Sea Steppe Region]. Tavriiskyi naukovyi visnyk, 108, 53–62 doi: 10.32851/2226-0099.2019.108.8 (in Ukrainian).
9. Kurdiukova, O. M. & Tyshchuk, O. P. (2018). Zymuiuchi buriany ta osoblyvosti udoskonalennia systemy yikh kontroliu v posivakh [Wintering weeds and features of improving the system of their control in crops]. Karantyn i zakhyst roslyn, 4–5, 5–7 (in Ukrainian).
10. Lenshyn, O. H. (2012). Zaburianenist pshenytsi ozymoi v korotkorotatsiinii sivozmini [Contamination of winter wheat in short crop rotation]. Karantyn i zakhyst roslyn, 2, 17–19 (in Ukrainian).
11. Levchenko, L. M. (2019). Zalezhnist zaburianenosti pshenytsi ozymoi vid systemy obrobitku gruntu v korotkorotatsiinii sivozmini [Dependence of winter wheat weeding on soil tillage in short crop rotation.]. Naukovi pratsi Instytutu bioenerhetychnykh kultur i tsukrovykh buriakiv, 27, 18–24 doi: 10.47414/np.27.2019.211078 (in Ukrainian).
12. Maliienko, A. M. & Zaiats, P. S. (2018). Produktyvnist pshenytsi ozymoi pry optymizatsii strokiv ta doz zastosuvannia herbitsydu za riznykh sposobiv osnovnoho obrobitku gruntu v Lisostepu [Productivity of winter wheat during the optimization of terms and doses of herbicide application under different methods of main soil tillage in the forest-steppe.]. Zbirnyk naukovykh prats NNTs «Instytut zemlerobstva NAAN», 1, 33–43 (in Ukrainian).
13. Mandryk, I. A. (2013). Rozrobka zakhodiv po rehuliuvanniu chyselnosti burianiv u posivakh ozymoi pshenytsi [Development of measures to control the number of weeds in winter wheat crops]. Kormy i kormovyrobnytstvo, 75, 144–149 (in Ukrainian).
14. Masliiov, S. V., Yarchuk, I. I., Beseda, O. O. & Khvorostian, O. V. (2019). Vyznachennia ahrofitotsenozu burianiv u suchasnykh tekhnolohiiakh vyroshchuvannia pshenytsi ozymoi [Determination of agrophytocenosis of weeds in modern technologies of winter wheat cultivation]. Karantyn i zakhyst roslyn, 11–12 (258), 1–4 doi: 10.36495/2312-0614.2019.11-12.1-4 (in Ukrainian).
15. Matiukha, V. L. (2012). Ekonomichnyi porih shkodochynnosti burianiv [Economic threshold of harmfulness of weeds]. Karantyn i zakhyst roslyn, 1, 1–3 (in Ukrainian).
16. Matiukha, V. L. (2021). Tekhnichna efektyvnist bakovykh sumishei herbitsydiv u posivakh pshenytsi ozymoi pislia neparovykh poperednykiv v umovakh Pivnichnoho Stepu Ukrainy [Technical efficiency of tank mixtures of herbicides in crops of winter wheat after non-fallow predecessors in the conditions of the Northern Steppe of Ukraine]. Karantyn i zakhyst roslyn, 1 (264), 19–24 doi: 10.36495/2312-0614.2021.1.19-24 (in Ukrainian).
17. Moldovan, V. H. (2013). Fitosanitarnyi stan posiviv pshenytsi ozymoi zalezhno vid sivozminnoho chynnyka ta system udobrennia [Phytosanitary state of winter wheat crops depending on the crop rotation factor and fertilization systems]. Karantyn i zakhyst roslyn, 2, 4–6 (in Ukrainian).
18. Pacanoski, Z. & Mehmeti, A. (2018). POST herbicide programme for effective weed control in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Agronomy Research, 16(4), 1796-1808. doi: 10.15159/AR.18.177
19. Rozhkov, A.O. & Ohurtsov, Ye.M. (2017). Roslynnytstvo [Plant production]. Kharkiv: Team Publish Group, 363 [in Ukrainian].
20. Sham, I. V. (2011). Formuvannia zaburianenosti posiviv pshenytsi ozymoi zernoprosapnoi sivozminy [Formation of weediness of winter wheat crops of grain-row crop rotation]. Karantyn i zakhyst roslyn, 10, 3–4 (in Ukrainian).
21. Sham, I. V., Remeniuk, Yu. O. & Makukh, Ya. P. (2011). Vplyv system obrobitku gruntu v sivozmini na zaburianenist i produktyvnist posiviv ozymoi pshenytsi [The influence of tillage systems in crop rotation on weediness and productivity of winter wheat crops]. Karantyn i zakhyst roslyn, 3, 7–9 (in Ukrainian).
22. Shpyrka, N. F., Tanchyk S. P. & Pavlov O. S. (2018). Zaburianenist posiviv pshenytsi ozymoi za riznykh system zemlerobstva v Pravoberezhnomu Lisostepu Ukrainy [Weediness of winter wheat crops under different farming systems in the Right Bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine]. Zbirnyk naukovykh prats «Naukovyi visnyk NUBiP Ukrainy. Seriia: Ahronomiia», 286, 120–128 (in Ukrainian).
23. Sudak, V. M., Horbatenko, A. I. & Matiukha, V. L. (2018). Intehrovanyi kontrol burianiv pry vyroshchuvanni pshenytsi ozymoi po chystomu paru [Integrated control of weeds during the cultivation of winter wheat on fallow. Cereal crops.]. Zernovi kultury, 1, 2, 123–131 doi: 10.31867/2523-4544/0017 (in Ukrainian).
24. Tanchyk, S. P. & Shpyrka, O. M. (2012). Herbitsydy u posivakh pshenytsi ozymoi [Herbicides in winter wheat crops]. Karantyn i zakhyst roslyn, 12, 17–18 (in Ukrainian).
25. Tanchyk, S. P., Pavlov, O. S. & Palamarchuk, O. M. (2015). Vplyv poperednykiv ta norm vysivu nasinnia na aktualnu zaburianenist i vrozhainist pshenytsi ozymoi v Pravoberezhnomu Lisostepu Ukrainy [The influence of predecessors and seed sowing rates on actual weediness and yield of winter wheat in the Right Bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine]. Naukovi pratsi Instytutu bioenerhetychnykh kultur i tsukrovykh buriakiv, 23, 133–138 (in Ukrainian).
26. Tkalich, Yu. I. & Shevchenko, S. M. (2020). Osoblyvosti zakhystu posiviv pshenytsi ozymoi vid burianiv u sivozmini pislia soniashnyku [Features of protection of winter wheat crops from weeds in crop rotation after sunflower]. Karantyn i zakhyst roslyn, (2-3), 45–49 doi: 10.36495/2312-0614.2020.2-3.45-49 (in Ukrainian).
27. Tkalich, Yu. I., Matiukha, V. L. & Bokun, O. I. (2014). Zakhyst posiviv ozymoi pshenytsi vid burianiv na chornozemakh zvychainykh Pivnichnoho Stepu Ukrainy [Protection of winter wheat crops against weeds on ordinary chernozems of the northern steppe of Ukraine]. Naukovi pratsi Instytutu bioenerhetychnykh kultur i tsukrovykh buriakiv, 20, 116–120 (in Ukrainian).
28. Tsvei, Ya. P, Ivanina, R. V. & Dubovyi, Yu. P. (2020). Ekolohichne kontroliuvannia chyselnosti burianiv u posivakh pshenytsi ozymoi [Ecological control of the number of weeds in winter wheat crops]. Karantyn i zakhyst roslyn, 1, 16–19. doi: 10.36495/2312-0614.2020.01.16-19 (in Ukrainian).
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Published
2022-12-04
How to Cite
Hutianskyi, R., Popov, S., Avramenko, S., & Kuzmenko, N. (2022). WEEDINESS OF WINTER WHEAT CROPS DEPENDING ON GROWING CONDITIONS IN THE FALLOW-GRAIN-ROW CROP ROTATION. Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. The Series: Agronomy and Biology, 48(2), 51-58. https://doi.org/10.32845/agrobio.2022.2.8
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