SIZE CHARACTERISTICS OF ASARUM EUROPAEUM L. IN PHYTOCOENOSES OF BROAD-LEAVED FORESTS IN GERMANY AND UKRAINE
Abstract
Asarum europaeum L. is an important component of the herb layer in deciduous forests, widespread throughout Europe except for Scandinavia and the United Kingdom. Currently, in the system of population studies, it is crucial to understand the response of plant and population size parameters to ecological and cenotic conditions specific to various parts of the distribution area. Therefore, the aim of this publication was to evaluate and compare morphological features of plants and populations of A. europaeum growing in phytocenoses of broad-leaved forests typical for Southern Lower Saxony (Göttingen Forest) and the Left-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine (Sumy Geobotanical District). Information on the state of the studied phytocenoses was obtained using common geobotanical methods. Fourteen populations were studied, seven from each region. The analysis included the evaluation of ten static morphological parameters (seven metric and three allometric). It was established that the populations of Asarum europaeum from the Göttingen Forest statistically significantly differed from each other in the values of all assessed morphological parameters. In the forests of the Sumy Geobotanical District, statistically significant differences between populations were registered for 60% of morphological parameters. Populations of Asarum europaeum are characterized by statistically significant differences not only between populations but also between regions in terms of size, accompanied by the formation of plant individuals in each phytocenosis with specific morphological structures. Based on the comparison of mean morphological parameter values, it was found that plants and populations of A. europaeum in the Sumy Geobotanical District exhibit higher values of leaf area per unit of phytomass (LAR) and leaf weight ratio (LWR). This is also characteristic of the values of total plant mass, total leaf mass, and their area, as well as the leaf area and mass of an individual leaf. The values of the absolute majority of morphological parameters (70%) in the conditions of the Sumy Geobotanical District are characterized by a wider range of variation. In the Sumy Geobotanical region, some of the most favorable conditions for the formation and growth of Asarum europaeum plants are found in the phytocenoses Acereto (platanoiditis)–Tilietum (cordatae) aegopodiosum (podagrariae) and Tilieto (cordatae)–Aceretum (platanoiditis) stellariosum (holosteae) (at the level of upper forest tiers closure of 0.6), while in the Göttingen Forest–Lamio (maculatum) – Quercetum (petraeae).
References
2. Cao, S., Han, L., Li Y., Yao, S., Hou, S, Ma, S. S., Dai, W., Li J., Zhou, Z., Wang, Q. & Huang, F. (2020). Integrative transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses provide hepatotoxicity mechanisms of Asarum. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 20.2, 1359–1370. doi: 10.3892/etm.2020.8811 a. Dierschke, H. & Goedecke, F. (2021). Forty years of symphenological research in a submontane calcareous beech forest under the influence of climate change. Fl. Medit. 31 (Special Issue), 257–270. doi: 10.7320/FlMedit31SI.257
3. Dupuy, P. & Viñuales, J. (2018). International Environmental Law (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi: 10.1017/9781108399821
4. Heobotanichne rajonuvannja Ukrai'ns'koi' RSR (1977) [Geobotanic zoning of Ukrainian SSR]. In-t botaniky im. M. G. Holodnogo. Nauk. dumka, Kyiv (in Ukrainian).
5. Hochmalová, M., Purwestri, R., Yongfeng, J. & Jarský, V. (2022). Demand for forest ecosystem services: a comparison study in selected areas in the Czech Republic and China. European Journal of Forest Research 141(11). doi: 10.1007/s10342-022-01478-0
6. Hrodzinskyi, Yu. (1989). Likarski roslyny [Medicinal plants]. Entsyklopedychnyi dovidnyk. Kyiv: Holov. red. ukr. rad. entsykl., 543 (in Ukrainian).
7. Karkhut, V.V. (2001). Lisy navkolo nas [Forests around us]. K.: Zhyva apteka, 312 (in Ukrainian).
8. Klymenko, H.O. & Skliar, V.H. (2015). Osoblyvosti rostu roslyn ridkisnykh vydiv [Features of the growth of plants of rare species]. Visnyk Sumskoho natsionalnoho ahrarnoho universytetu. Seriia «Ahronomiia i biolohiia», vypusk 9 (30), 77–82 (in Ukrainian).
9. Kovalenko, I.M. Ekolohiia roslyn nyzhnikh yarusiv lisovykh ekosystem [Ecology of plants of the lower tiers of forest ecosystems]. Sumy: Universytetska knyha, 360 (in Ukrainian).
10. Kovalenko, I., Klymenko, H. & Hozhenko, K. (2017). Population analysis of Asarum europaeum in the Northeast of Ukraine. Biosystems diversity, 25(3), 2017, doi: 10.15421/011732
11. Krasnov, V. P., Orlov, O. O. & Vedmid, M. M. (2009). Atlas roslyn-indykatoriv i typiv lisoroslynnykh umov Ukrainskoho Polissia [Atlas of indicator plants and types of forest vegetation conditions of the Ukrainian Polissia]. Novohrad-Volynskyi, 488 (in Ukrainian).
12. Kumar, H., Pandey, B. W. & Anand, S. (2022). Analyzing the Impacts of forest Ecosystem Services on Livelihood Security and Sustainability: A Case Study of Jim Corbett National Park in Uttarakhand. International Journal of Geoheritage and Parks, 7(2). doi: 10.1016/j.ijgeop.2019.05.003
13. Kumar, H., Pandey, B. W. & Anand, S. (2022). Analyzing the Impacts of forest Ecosystem Services on Livelihood Security and Sustainability: A Case Study of Jim Corbett National Park in Uttarakhand. International Journal of Geoheritage and Parks, 7(2). doi: 10.1016/j.ijgeop.2019.05.003
14. Marba, N., Duarte, C.M. & Agusti S. (2007). Allometric scaling of plant life history. Proc. Nation. Acad. Sci. USA 104: 15777-15780
15. Marselle, M., Hartig, T., Cox, D., de Bell, S., Knapp, S., Lindley, S., & Bonn, A. (2020). Pathways linking biodiversity to human health: A conceptual framework. doi: 10.32942/osf.io/czyv4
16. Maseehullah, MD, Z., Mohammad, A., Munawwar Husain, M. & Munawwar Husain (2022). Ethno-pharmacology of Asaroon (Asarum europaeum L.) with special reference to Unani System of Medicine. Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, 19 (2), 181–192. doi: 10.1515/jcim-2021-0021
17. Nelson, Taylor M. (2021). Influence on biodiversity on canopy process in a hardwood plantation forest ecosystem. Purdue University Graduate School. Thesis. doi: 10.25394/PGS.14502180
18. Prausová, R., Doležal, J., & Rejmánek, M. (2020). Nine decades of major compositional changes in a Central European beech forest protected area. Plant Ecology, 221(10), 1005–1016. doi:10.1007/s11258-020-01057-6
19. Salk, C. F., Chazdon, R., & Waiswa, R. (2020). Thinking outside the plot: monitoring forest biodiversity for social-ecological research. Ecology and Society, 25(1), 7. doi: 10.5751/ES-11223-250107
20. Schöttker, O. & Wätzold, F. (2022). Demand for forest ecosystem services: a comparison study in selected areas in the Czech Republic and China. European Journal of Forest Research 141(11). doi: 10.1007/s10640-022-00684-z 25.
21. Sherstiuk, M. (2017). The analysis of vitality structure of Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W. Barton cenopopulations in forest phytocenoses of the Novgorod-Sivers’k Polissia. ScienceRise: Biological Science, 1(4), 40–45. doi: 10.15587/2519-8025.2017.94019
22. Sherstuk, M. (2016). Morphometric Parameters Oxycoccus palustris Pers. in Palustre and Palustre Forest Phytocenoses of Ukrainian Polissya. Notes in Current Biology, (7(332), 78–83. doi: 10.29038/2617-4723-2016-332-7-78-83
23. Skliar, V.H. (2013). Dynamika vitalitetnykh parametriv populiatsii lisoutvoriuvalnykh vydiv Novhorod-Siverskoho Polissia: teoretychni zasady ta sposoby otsinky [Dynamics of vital parameters of populations of forest-forming species of Novgorod-Siverskyi Polissia: theoretical principles and methods of assessment.]. Ukrainskyi botanichnyi zhurnal, 70 (5), 624–629 (in Ukrainian).
24. Skliar, V. (2015). Rozmirna struktura pidrostu Acer platanoides L. u lisovykh fitotsenozakh Livoberezhnoho Polissia Ukrainy [Dimensional structure of Acer platanoides L. undergrowth in forest phytocenoses of the Left Bank Polissia of Ukraine]. Visnyk Lvivskoho universytetu. Seriia biolohichna, 70, 138–143. Access mode: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/VLNU_biol_2015_70_18 (in Ukrainian).
25. Skliar, V. & Sherstuk, M. (2016). Size structure of phytopopulations and its quantitative evaluation. EUREKA: Life Sciences, (1), 9–15. doi: 10.21303/2504-5695.2016.00047
26. Skliar, V., Sherstuk, M. & Skliar, Iu. (2016). Аlgorithm of comprehensive assessment of individual’s morphological integration of plants contrast biomorfs. QUAERE 2016 (vol. VI.): Interdisciplinary Scientific Conference for PhD students and assistance, 393–403
27. Skliar, V., Kovalenko, I., Skliar, Iu., & Sherstiuk, M. (2019). Vitality structure and its dynamics in the process of natural reforestation of Quercus robur L. AgroLife Scientific Journal, 8 (1). Access mode: http://agrolifejournal.usamv.ro/index.php/agrolife/article/view/441
28. Skliar, V., Kyrylchuk, K., Tykhonova, O., Bondarieva, L., Zhatova, H., Klymenko, A., Bashtovyi, M., & Zubtsova, I. (2020). Ontogenetic structure of populations of forest-forming species of the Left-Bank Polissya of Ukraine. Baltic Forestry, 26(1). doi: 10.46490/BF441
29. Tsarenko, O. M., Zlobin, Yu. A., Skliar, V.H., & Panchenko, S. M. (2000). kompiuterni metody v silskomu hospodarstvi ta biolohii. [Computer methods in agriculture and biology]. Universytetska knyha, Sumy, 203 (in Ukrainian)
30. Yakubenko, B. Ye., Popovych, S. Yu., Ustymenko, P. M., Dubyna, D. V., Churilov, A. M. (2020). Heobotanika: metodychni aspekty doslidzhen [Geobotany: methodological aspects of research], 316. (in Ukrainian).
31. Zlobin, Yu. A., Skliar, V. G. & Klymenko, G. O. (2022) Biologiia ta ekologiia fitopopuliatsii [Biology and ecology of phytopopulations] Sumy: Universytetska knyga, 512 (in Ukrainian).
ISSN 
ISSN 
