DYNAMICS OF UNGULATES IN TERMS OF MODERN ANTHROPOGENIC LOAD UNDER THE FORESTRY FACTS SUMY REGION
Keywords:
anthropogenic load, hunting areas, ungulates, population dynamics.
Abstract
With current climate change and increasing anthropogenic load on the environment, inevitable changes in the animal world, in particular among game animals, occur. Anthropogenic load is expressed in the increased use of pesticides and other pollutants in agricultural and forestry care activities. Reducing the area of natural meadows has reduced the food supply of herbivores. Plowing up of lands situated near river channels and drainage of swamps also undermine the reproduction of ungulates, especially in hot summer conditions. There are tendencies of a significant reduction in natural habitats for animals throughout Ukraine. It has been proved that Ukrainian hunting areas are characterized by insignificant productivity in comparison with the areas of other European countries. Thus, the density of ungulates per thousand hectares is only 0.06 heads, which is ten times less than in European countries. Concerning the species diversity of game ungulates, the dominant place in Ukrainian areas is occupied by roe deer (167.7 thousand heads), which is 75.2 %. The second place in terms of distribution is for wild boar – 28.5 thousand heads. The number of European red deer and sika deer is 13.7 and 4.3 thousand heads. The number of fallow deer (1.3 thousand) and mouflons (0.9 thousand) is gradually increasing. The dynamics analysis of the number of game animals in the areas of the Sumy region revealed that despite the current anthropogenic load there is a positive trend of an increase in the animal population over the past two years (2020–2021). It is worth noting that the total number of ungulates in 2021 was 8839 heads, which is equal to the “depopulation” ones of 2010–2011. There is a tendency to restore roe deer and wild boar populations. According to the results of the taxation in 2021, its population has increased to 1233 heads in the region, which is 298 heads higher than in 2020. A positive trend is that last year, the population of bison in the Sumy region increased by 10 units and is now 64 heads. Significant contribution to this tendency is done by rational forestry management arranged by Sumy OULMG and a growing role of enterprises of other forms of ownership. Concurrently, the available indicators are even lower than the European ones and should be the priority task of forestry management in the region.
References
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27. Pepko V. O., Zugaluk S. V., Sahuk R. M. & Guluk I. Т. (2017) Helmintofauna dykykh kopytnykh tvaryn: ekolohiia, vydovyi sklad, poshyrennia [Helminth fauna of wild ungulates: ecology, species composition, distribution] // Veterynarna biotekhnolohiia. № 30, 183–195. (in Ukrainian).
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29. Smahol, V.N. & Havrys H.H. (2013). Zubr, Bison bonasus (Mammalia Artiodactyla) v Ukrayne: dynamyka chyslennosty, rasprostranenye, statsyy y lymytyruiushchye faktory: monohrafyia [Bison bonasus (Mammalia Artiodactila) in Ukraine: population dynamics, distribution, stats and limiting factors: monograph] “Veles”, Kyiv: 128. (in Ukrainian).
30. Smahol, V.M. (2003). Prychyny skorochennia chyselnosti lani yevropeiskoi v zapovidnyku “Askaniia-Nova” [Reasons for the reduction of European fallow deer in the Askania-Nova Reserve]. Zapovidna sprava v Ukraini, 9, 1, 39–41 (in Ukrainian).
31. Smirnova, I.O., Buhlo D.O., Domnich A.V. & Petrychenko V.V. (2011). Dynamika populiatsii i analiz chynnykiv, shcho vplyvaiut na chyselnist khyzhykh i kopytnykh na Skhodi Ukrainy [Population dynamics and analysis of factors influencing the number of predators and ungulates in Eastern Ukraine]. Visnyk Zaporizkoho natsionalnoho universytetu, 1, 61–68 (in Ukrainian).
32. Sobol, O. M. (2021). Dinamіka vidovogo skladu ta vikoristannja mislivs’koї fauni Hersons’koї oblastі [Dynamics of species composition of hunting fauna of Kherson region]. Tavrіjs’kij vіsnik, 118, 368–376 (in Ukrainian). doi: 10.32851/2226-0099.2021.118.47.
33. Volokh, A.M. (2006). Dynamika ta suchasnyi stan umov isnuvannia myslyvskykh ssavtsiv u Ctepovii zoni Ukrainy [Dynamics and current state of living conditions of hunting mammals in the Central zone of Ukraine]. Naukovyi visnyk Natsionalnoho ahrarnoho un-tu. Kyiv, 93, 34–49 (in Ukrainian).
34. Volokh, A.M. (2014). Mammals Hunted in Steppe Ukraine. Part 1. Gryn D.C., Kherson, 1–412.
35. Volokh, A.M. (2015). Mammals Hunted in Steppe Ukraine. Part 2. Gryn D.C., Kherson, 1–401.
36. Zhelizko, M.I., Paraniak, R.P. & Kalyn, B.M. (2016). Dynamika vydovoho riznomanittia myslyvskykh tvaryn [Dynamics of species diversity of hunting animals]. Naukovyi visnyk LNUVMBT imeni S.Z. Gzhytskoho, T. 18, No. 4 (72), 10–13 (in Ukrainian).
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2. Apollonio M., Belkin V., Borkowski J., Borodin O., Borowik T., Cagnacci F., Danilkin A., Danilov P., Faybich A., Ferretti F., Gaillard M., Hayward M., Heshtaut P., Heurich M., Hurynovich A., Kashtalyan A., Kerley G., Kjellander P., Kowalczyk R., Kozorez A., Matveytchuk S., Milner J., Mysterud A., Ozoliņš J., Panchenko D., Peters W., Podgórski T., Pokorny B., Rolandsen C., Ruusila V., Schmidt K., Sipko T., Veeroja R., Velihurau P., Yanuta G. (2017) Challenges and science-based implications for modern management and conservation of European ungulate populations. Mammal Research. 62, 209–217.
3. Apostol, M. Rozoranist zemel v Ukraini ye naibilshoiu v sviti ta dosiahla 56 % terytorii derzhavy [Plowed land in Ukraine is the largest in the world and reached 56 % of the state]. URL: Agravery.comhttps://agravery.com/uk/posts/show/ rozoranist-zemel-v-ukraini-e-najbilsou-v-sviti-ta-dosagla-56-teritorii-derzavi-apostol. (in Ukrainian).
4. Carenko, O.M., Zlobin, Ju.A., Skljar, V.G., & Panchenko, S.M. (2000). Komp’juterni metody v sil’s’komu gospodarstvi ta biologii’: navchalnyi posibnyk [Computer methods in agriculture and biology]. Un. Knyga, Sumy, 203 (in Ukrainian).
5. Danyliuk, L.R. (2017). Pravovyi rezhym myslyvskykh pryrodnykh resursiv v Ukraini : monohrafiia [Legal regime of hunting natural resources in Ukraine: monograph]. Ivano-Frankivsk : Prykarpat. nats. un-t im. Vasylia Stefanyka, 176. (in Ukrainian).
6. Danylkyn, A. A. (2014). Kosuly (byolohycheskye osnovy upravlenyia resursamy) [Roe deer (biological basis of resource management)]. Moskva: Tovaryshchestvo nauchnykh yzdanyi KMK, 316 (in Ukrainian).
7. Didyk, Yu.M. (2006). Kopytni dikoi fauny yak rezervat trikhinelozu na terytorii Polissia ta zahidnoi chastyny [Parasitic systems of wild ungulates and basics of parasitosis prevention in Belarus]. Vestnik zoologii – Herald of Zoology, 40, 3, 271–274 (in Ukrainian).
8. Domnich, V.I. (2010). Zmina chyselnosti ta antropohenne navantazhennia na Oleniachykh i psovykh tvaryn v Ukraini [Population change and anthropogenic pressure on deer and dog animals in Ukraine]. Zb. naukovo-tekh. prats: Naukovyi visnyk NLTU Ukrainy. Lviv. Vyp. 20.5, 8–19 (in Ukrainian).
9. Dziedzic, R., Dzięciołowski, R. (2010). Status gatunków łownych w Polsce i krajach sąsiadujących [The status of game species in Poland and neighboring countries] Międzynarodowa konferencja. Zarządzanie populacjami zwierząt dzikożyjących na terenach pogranicza (2–3 wrzećnia 2010, Chelm). Chelm, 7–23 (in Polish).
10. Ermantraut, E.R., Prysjazhnjuk, O.I., & Shevchenko, I.L. (2007). Statystychnyj analiz agronomichnyh doslidnyh danyh v paketi Statistica-6 [Statistical analysis of agronomic research data in the package of Statistica-6]. Metodychni vkazivky. Ky’v, 55 (in Ukrainian).
11. Food and agriculture organization of the United Nations. FAO. URL: http://faostat.fao.org/site/636/default. aspx#ancor.
12. Iatusevych, A.Y. (2013). Parazytarnye systemy dykykh kopytnykh y osnovy profylaktyky parazytozov na terrytoryy Belarusy [Parasitic systems of wild ungulates and basics of parasitosis prevention in Belarus]. Naukovyi visnyk Natsionalnoho universytetu bioresursiv i pryrodokorystuvannia Ukrainy. Seriia : Veterynarna medytsyna, yakist i bezpeka produktsii tvarynnytstva, 188–4, 92–99 (in Belarusian).
13. Ievtushevskyi, M.N. (2009). Pliamystyi olen (Servus nippon hertulorum Swinhoe, 1864) v Ukraini ta za yii mezhamy: monohrafiia [Spotted deer (Servus nippon hertulorum Swinhoe, 1864) in Ukraine and abroad: monograph]. ydavnychyi dim “EKO-inform”, Kyiv, V 192. (in Ukrainian).
14. Jianhua H., Junlong H., Dianfeng L., Han W., Chun L. (2018) Updating the habitat conservation institution by prioritizing important connectivity and resilience providers outside // Ecological Indicators. 88., 219–231. (in English).
15. Katysh, S.V. (2016). Dycherozvedennia na terytorii Lisostepovoi i Stepovoi zon Ukrainy (na prykladi Poltavskoi i Zaporizkoi oblastei) [The breeding on the territory of the Forest-Steppe and Steppe zones of Ukraine (on the example of Poltava and Zaporizhzhia regions)]. Biolohichni systemy. 8, 1. 2016. 219–227 (in Ukrainian).
16. Khoietskyi, P.B. (2009). Dynamika chyselnosti dykoi svyni (Sus scrofa l.) u zakhidnomu rehioni Ukrainy [Dynamics of wild boar (Sus scrofa l.) in the Western region of Ukraine]. Lisivnytstvo i ahrolisomelioratsiia. Kharkiv : UkrNDILHA, 115, 291–295 (in Ukrainian).
17. Khoietskyi, P.B., Pokhaliuk O.M. (2014). Myslyvske hospodarstvo krain Yevropy [Hunting economy of European countries]. Naukovyi visnyk NLTU Ukrainy. 24, 8, 42–45 (in Ukrainian).
18. Korzh, O.P., Lebedieva, N.I., Petrychenko, V.V. & Frolov, D.O. (2006). Shtuchne dycherozvedennia yak perspektyvnyi shliakh intensyfikatsii suchasnoho myslyvskoho hospodarstva [Artificial game breeding as a promising way to intensify the modern hunting economy]. Zakhyst dovkillia vid antropohennoho navantazhennia. 13 (15). Vydavnytstvo KhNU, Kharkiv, 116–119 (in Ukrainian).
19. Kozlo, P.G. (1975). Dykyj kaban: monografija [Wild boar: monograph]. “Uradzhaj”, Mynsk, 223, 216–222 (in Ukrainian).
20. Kratiuk, O.L. (2018). Vydovyi sklad ta dynamika chyselnosti ratychnykh Artiodactyla u volierakh na terytorii Zhytomyrskoi oblasti [Species composition and dynamics of Artiodactyla in aviaries in Zhytomyr region]. Naukovyi visnyk NLTU Ukrainy. 28, 3, 34–37. doi: 10.32846/2306-9716-2019-1-24-2-23.
21. Maevskyi, A.V. (2010). Monytorynh kopytnykh zhyvotnykh, obytaiushchykh v okhotnychykh khaziaistvakh Ukrayny / A.V. Maevskyi, Y.A. Pylkevych [Monitoring of ungulates living in hunting farms of Ukraine]. Vostochno Evropeiskyi zhurnal peredovykh tekhnolohyi, 5/4(47), 35–40 (in Ukrainian).
22. Melnyk, A.V., Romanko, Ju.O., Brunov, M.I., Sorokolit, Je.M. & Kubrak, T.M. (2020). Rist ta rozvytok nutu v umovah pivnichno-shidnogo Lisostepu Ukrai’ny [Growth and development of chickpeas in the Northern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine]. Visnyk Sums’kogo NAU, 2 (40), 38–46 (in Ukrainian).
23. Muraviov, Yu.V. (2019). Game animals resources as a prerequisite for the establishment of ecological and economic development of hunting economy. Scientific Bulletin of UNFU, 29(4), 86–88. doi: 10.15421/40290418
24. Myslyvstvoznavstvo: navchalnyi posibnyk. (1993) [Hunting science] / Bondarenko V.D. ta in. NMK VO, Kyiv: 200. (in Ukrainian).
25. Panek, M. (2004). Wyniki monitoringu zwierzyny drobnej v latach 2002/2003 [Small game monitoring results in the years]. Łowiec Polski. 4, 11–12 (in Polish).
26. Раdіsаk, J. (2016). А tеst of traditional dіvеrsitу measure аnd taxonomic distinctness indices оn benthic diatoms of soda pans in the Carpathian basin. Ekologikal Indicators, 64, 1–8. DOI: 10.1016/ j.ekolind.2015.12.018.
27. Pepko V. O., Zugaluk S. V., Sahuk R. M. & Guluk I. Т. (2017) Helmintofauna dykykh kopytnykh tvaryn: ekolohiia, vydovyi sklad, poshyrennia [Helminth fauna of wild ungulates: ecology, species composition, distribution] // Veterynarna biotekhnolohiia. № 30, 183–195. (in Ukrainian).
28. Potish, L.A. (2016). Myslyvska fauna Zakarpattia, stan populiatsii ta perspektyvy vykorystannia [Hunting fauna of Transcarpathia, state of populations and prospects of use]. Materialy I Vseukrainskoi naukovo-praktychnoi internetkonferentsii “Stan i perspektyvy pryrodokorystuvannia v Ukraini”. Uzhhorod, 43–48 (in Ukrainian).
29. Smahol, V.N. & Havrys H.H. (2013). Zubr, Bison bonasus (Mammalia Artiodactyla) v Ukrayne: dynamyka chyslennosty, rasprostranenye, statsyy y lymytyruiushchye faktory: monohrafyia [Bison bonasus (Mammalia Artiodactila) in Ukraine: population dynamics, distribution, stats and limiting factors: monograph] “Veles”, Kyiv: 128. (in Ukrainian).
30. Smahol, V.M. (2003). Prychyny skorochennia chyselnosti lani yevropeiskoi v zapovidnyku “Askaniia-Nova” [Reasons for the reduction of European fallow deer in the Askania-Nova Reserve]. Zapovidna sprava v Ukraini, 9, 1, 39–41 (in Ukrainian).
31. Smirnova, I.O., Buhlo D.O., Domnich A.V. & Petrychenko V.V. (2011). Dynamika populiatsii i analiz chynnykiv, shcho vplyvaiut na chyselnist khyzhykh i kopytnykh na Skhodi Ukrainy [Population dynamics and analysis of factors influencing the number of predators and ungulates in Eastern Ukraine]. Visnyk Zaporizkoho natsionalnoho universytetu, 1, 61–68 (in Ukrainian).
32. Sobol, O. M. (2021). Dinamіka vidovogo skladu ta vikoristannja mislivs’koї fauni Hersons’koї oblastі [Dynamics of species composition of hunting fauna of Kherson region]. Tavrіjs’kij vіsnik, 118, 368–376 (in Ukrainian). doi: 10.32851/2226-0099.2021.118.47.
33. Volokh, A.M. (2006). Dynamika ta suchasnyi stan umov isnuvannia myslyvskykh ssavtsiv u Ctepovii zoni Ukrainy [Dynamics and current state of living conditions of hunting mammals in the Central zone of Ukraine]. Naukovyi visnyk Natsionalnoho ahrarnoho un-tu. Kyiv, 93, 34–49 (in Ukrainian).
34. Volokh, A.M. (2014). Mammals Hunted in Steppe Ukraine. Part 1. Gryn D.C., Kherson, 1–412.
35. Volokh, A.M. (2015). Mammals Hunted in Steppe Ukraine. Part 2. Gryn D.C., Kherson, 1–401.
36. Zhelizko, M.I., Paraniak, R.P. & Kalyn, B.M. (2016). Dynamika vydovoho riznomanittia myslyvskykh tvaryn [Dynamics of species diversity of hunting animals]. Naukovyi visnyk LNUVMBT imeni S.Z. Gzhytskoho, T. 18, No. 4 (72), 10–13 (in Ukrainian).
37. Dzhessіka Bejtman. Jak u Еvropu povertajut’sja velikі ssavcі [How big scoops return to Europe]. BBC Future. URL: https://www.bbc.com/ukrainian/vert-fut-55847029.
Published
2022-05-24
How to Cite
Melnyk, A. V., Tovstukha, O. V., Melnyk, T. I., Kremenetska, E. O., & Trotska, S. S. (2022). DYNAMICS OF UNGULATES IN TERMS OF MODERN ANTHROPOGENIC LOAD UNDER THE FORESTRY FACTS SUMY REGION. Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. The Series: Agronomy and Biology, 46(4), 42-48. https://doi.org/10.32845/agrobio.2021.4.6
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