Дослідження валового вмісту нікелю та арсену у смугах відведення автошляхів м. Суми
Ключові слова:
важкі метали, нікель, арсен, забруднення грунтів, смуги відведення автомагістралей.
Анотація
Питання вивчення забруднюючого впливу автотранспорту на екологічний стан міста важливе і невідкладне. Індикатором цього впливу виступають ґрунти смуг відведення автомагістралей. Міські ґрунти є базовою складовою урбоекосистем, адже здійснюють ряд найважливіших екологічних і господарських функцій і значною мірою визначають умови життя людей. Мета дослідження полягала у проведенні кількісного аналізу рівня забруднення нікелем та арсеном поверхневого шару ґрунтів смуг відведення основних автотранспортних магістралей м. Суми.
Встановлено, що порівняно з фоновою концентрацією, вміст нікелю в грунтах резервно-технологічних смуг на відстані 1‒2 м від дороги перевищено у 2,3 рази на вул. Г. Кондратьєва та Харківській, у 2 рази – на вулицях Металургів та Роменській; на відстані 10‒13 м виявлено перевищення фонової концентрації 26 мг/кг у 2 рази на вул. Г. Кондратьєва, в 1,7 разів – на вул. Роменська, Металургів, Харківська, Ковпака. В грунтах захисних смуг на відстані 50 м від автошляхів перевищення ГДК з урахуванням фону виявлено на вул. Металургів на 30 %, вул. Г. Кондратьєва та Привокзальній ‒ на 6 %. Найнижчій валовий вміст цього елементу виявився на вулицях Героїв Крут та Миру, відповідно 19,5 та 22,5 мг/кг, що нижче кларку на 25 % та 13,5 % відповідно. Перевищення гранично-допустимої концентрації рсену спостерігали практично по всіх вулицях, за виключенням вул. Білопільскої. При цьому в грунтах смуг відведення автошляхів на вулицях Привокзальна, Г. Кондратьєва ГДК перевищено у 2 рази, а по вул. Роменській ‒ у 4 рази. Однак при цьому потрібно зауважити, що при віддаленні від автошляхів рівень забруднення зменшується й знаходиться у межах норми ‒ на відстані 50 м перевищення вмісту арсену на вул. Харківській складає 25 %, Роменській – 12 % від гранично-допустимої концентрації.
Посилання
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Опубліковано
2020-10-26
Як цитувати
Тихонова, О., Кирильчук, К., & Шаповал, В. (2020). Дослідження валового вмісту нікелю та арсену у смугах відведення автошляхів м. Суми. Вісник Сумського національного аграрного університету. Серія: Агрономія і біологія, 40(2), 62-71. https://doi.org/10.32782/agrobio.2020.2.8
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