ВПЛИВ РІСТРЕГУЛЮЮЧИХ ПРЕПАРАТІВ НА РІСТ І РОЗВИТОК СІЛЬСЬКОГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ КУЛЬТУР (ОГЛЯДОВА)
Ключові слова:
навколишнє середовище, ресурсозберігаючі технології, передпосівна обробка, живлення рослин, урожайність.
Анотація
Важливим аспектом дії регуляторів росту є посилення стійкості рослин до несприятливих чинників навколишнього середовища – високих і низьких температур, нестачі вологи, фітотоксичної дії пестицидів, пошкодження шкідниками та ураження хворобами, що в кінцевому результаті сприяє значному підвищенню врожайності та поліпшенню якості продукції. Найбільш ефективними та економічно вигідними способами застосування регуляторів росту є передпосівна обробка насіння і проведення позакореневих підживлень вегетуючих рослин в основні фази вегетації. Потрапляючи на поверхню листка, регулятори росту проникають у його тканини і залучаються в біохімічні реакції обміну в рослині. Відповідно до санітарно-гігієнічної класифікації регулятори росту нового покоління відносяться до малотоксичних речовин третього і четвертого класів безпеки. У результаті їх використання не спостерігається негативного впливу на мікрофлору ґрунту, гідробіоти, вони не акумулюються у ґрунті, швидко нейтралізуються ґрунтовими сапрофітними організмами. Окрім цього, вони впливають на процес інтенсифікації фосфат мобілізуючих бактерій, різних форм симбіотичних мікроорганізмів та азотрофів, не шкодять комахам-опилювачам і компонентам навколишнього середовища. У сучасний період господарювання слід використовувати новітні методи агровиробництва, які сприяють зниженню негативного антропогенного впливу на ґрунти, витрат енергії та природних ресурсів. За таких умов необхідно розробляти та запроваджувати технології вирощування сільськогосподарських культур, які дозволили б знизити собівартість та оптимізувати живлення рослин. Одним з них є застосування рістрегулюючих речовин. Важливою характеристикою дії рістрегулюючих препаратів є підвищення стійкості рослин до несприятливих факторів середовища, нестачі вологи, різних перепадів температурного режиму, ураження рослин хворобами і шкідниками тощо. Багатьма дослідниками, у т.ч. України та інших країн світу, встановлено, що сучасні регулятори росту здатні підвищувати врожай основних сільськогосподарських культур на 10–30%.
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Опубліковано
2023-06-09
Як цитувати
Євтушенко, О. Т., & Скок, С. В. (2023). ВПЛИВ РІСТРЕГУЛЮЮЧИХ ПРЕПАРАТІВ НА РІСТ І РОЗВИТОК СІЛЬСЬКОГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ КУЛЬТУР (ОГЛЯДОВА). Вісник Сумського національного аграрного університету. Серія: Агрономія і біологія, 51(1), 53-63. https://doi.org/10.32782/agrobio.2023.1.7
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