MONITORING OF RISK FACTORS ON FARMS TO KEEP CHICKEN BROILERS
Abstract
Observance of veterinary and sanitary control at all stages of production and identification of risk factors will help prevent unjustified losses in poultry. As the breeding qualities of broilers have improved significantly in recent years, the requirements for their welfare have increased accordingly. The research was conducted in PJSC "Myronivska Poultry Farm" of Cherkasy region of Cherkasy district, in the period November-December 2022. The main task was to determine the composition of the microflora circulating in birds of different ages. Received washes from various production surfaces in sterile containers. Samples of fecal masses were taken from each age group of chickens. Circulating microflora in indoor air was determined by sedimentation. Special tests and elective media were used to identify microorganisms. As a result of the conducted researches, the correlation between the age of chickens and the main composition of the microflora was established. Escherichia coli was 292.3% on the seventh day of the study, 201.28% on the fourteenth day, 75.64% on the twenty-first day, and 34.61% more on the 35th day compared to slaughter chickens. age. The share of Enterococcus faecium decreased from the first week in comparison with adult chickens by 150.92%, on the 14th day - by 122.65%, on the 21st day - by 80.46%, on the 35th day - by 71.87%. The tendency to decrease the number of Enterococcus faecalis on the seventh day was 232.76%, on the fourteenth - by 164.23%, on the twenty-first - by 148.39%, on the thirty-fifth - by 31.04%, compared with chickens on 42 days. On the seventh day the share of S. aureus was lower, compared to adult broilers by 72.85%, on the 14th day - by 37.01%, on the 21st day - by 28.87%, on the 35th day - by 20.77% . Intestinal population of Listeria monocytogenes increased similarly with age in adult chickens. The number of L. monocytogenes increased by 55.40% in week-old chickens, by 30.6% in 14-day-old chickens, by 20.32% in 21-day-old chickens, and by 11.96% in 35-day-old chickens. . On the seventh day of life, the number of Campylobacter spp. was less, compared to adult chickens by 72%, in 14 daily - by 66.28%, in 21 daily - by 27.42%, in 35 daily - by 12.51%. During the study, the amount of S. enterica in weekly broilers was higher than in adults by 174.07%, on the fourteenth day - by 140.0%, on the twenty-first - by 59.25%, on the thirty-fifth - by 14, 8%. The number of associated microflora increased with the age of the bird. The prospect of further research in this direction is to determine the sensitivity of the isolated microflora to antimicrobials.
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