DEVELOPMENT OF BIOPHILIC DESIGN AS A METHOD OF INTEGRATING NATURE INTO URBAN PLANNING

Abstract

The process of urbanization presents significant challenges for human comfort and ecological stability, and the lack of connection with nature leads to numerous negative consequences for the physical and mental health of the population. In turn, biophilic design emerges as a promising approach to integrating natural elements into the urban environment, fostering symbiotic relationships between humans and nature. This article examines the development of biophilic design as a method to improve urban planning by incorporating natural elements. The relevance of this research lies in addressing the need for developing sustainable development strategies for cities that prioritize the well-being of people and ecological balance. By applying biophilic principles, urban planners and architects can create environments that enhance the sense of connection with nature, thereby improving overall quality of life and mitigating the negative consequences of urbanization. The purpose of this article is to investigate the development of biophilic design principles and their application in the context of urban planning. Through a comprehensive review of literature and specific case studies, the article highlights various strategies and methods used in biophilic design to integrate nature into urban spaces. It also evaluates the effectiveness of these approaches in achieving stated goals, including enhancing aesthetics, air and water quality, reducing stress, and promoting biodiversity. The findings indicate that biophilic design offers numerous benefits for urban environments, including increased biodiversity, improved health and well-being of people, enhanced social cohesion, and increased resilience to climate change. At the same time, the integration of biophilic elements into urban planning has shown positive economic impacts by increasing property values and attracting investments. These results suggest that biophilic design holds immense potential as a holistic approach to urban planning, aligning human needs with ecological imperatives. However, further research is needed to examine the long-term effects of biophilic interventions on urban ecosystems and to develop standardized metrics for assessing their effectiveness. Future research should explore the scalability of biophilic design principles across different urban contexts and cultural circumstances, as well as their compatibility with other sustainable development strategies.