STRUCTURING THE PROCESS OF AUTOMATION OF PLANTING PLANTS OF ENERGY WILLOW
Keywords:
automatic planting machine, planter, feeding mechanism, cassette mechanism, planting machine, energy willow
Abstract
Biomass energy is one of the most promising branches of renewable energy, primarily due to the possibility of rapidly increasing the production of raw materials. The creation of new plantations of energy crops requires appropriate technical means. And for energy willow or poplar, you should also take into account the features of planting material, which are woody cuttings 20-25 cm long and 6-16 mm in diameter. Known machines for planting cuttings of energy crops are characterized by low productivity due to the limitation of the speed of manual laying of cuttings in the planter. Therefore, the creation of mechanisms for automated planting of cuttings in planting machines is an urgent scientific and industrial task. The study is based on the analysis of known designs of planting machines used in planting seedlings and seedlings for the forest. The analysis used the methods of structural-factor analysis of the structure of mechanisms, and highlighted the features of the work processes that occur at each stage of the overall technological process of moving cuttings from the technological tank to the planting site. After analyzing the known technical solutions for planting forests, seedlings, potted materials and directly cuttings of energy crops, it was noted that the most problematic is the position responsible for feeding cuttings from containers with seedlings to the place of planting. In modern machines for planting energy willow, this process is performed exclusively by hand. Informationlogical searches led to the synthesis of the structural-logical scheme of the technological process of automated planting. According to this scheme, it is seen that the main operations that must be implemented in the planting machine are the narrowing of the flow of cuttings, piece selection, orientation and transportation of planting material to the planting site. Promising ways to automate the planting of cuttings of energy crops and possible problems on the way to their implementation are identified.
References
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8. Dziedzic, K., Łapczyńska-Kordon, B., Mudryk, K. (2017). Decision support systems to establish plantations of energy crops on the example of willow (Salix Viminalis L.). Scientific achievements in agricultural engineering, agronomy and veterinary medicine polish ukrainian cooperation. Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 150-160.
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17. Kucher, O., Prokopchuk, L. (2019). Economic aspects of biomass market development in Ukraine. Renewable Energy Sources engineering, technology, innovation. Krynica. pp. 12-14. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015401007.
18. Kucher, O., Prokopchuk, L. (2017). The development of the market of the renewable energy in Ukraine. Renewable Energy Sources: Engineering, Technology, Innovation. Springer International Publishing AG. pp. 71-81. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72371-6_8.
19. Kutz, L.J., Craven, J.B. (1994). Evaluation of photoelectric sensors for robotic transplantation. Applied Engineering in Agriculture, 10 (1), pp.115-121.
20. Liu, K., Cheng G. and Kong, Z. (2019). Beidou agricultural machinery automatic driving software design, 2019 IEEE 4th Advanced Information Technology, Electronic and Automation Control Conference (IAEAC), pp. 1770-1775, https://doi.org/10.1109/IAEAC47372.2019.8997712
21. Lys, S.S. (2009). Ohliad tekhnolohii hazyfikatsii derevyny (Review of wood gasification technology). Naukovyi visnyk NLTU Ukrainy: zb. nauk.-tekhn. prats. Lviv (in Ukrainian)
22. Manual seedling planter РРМ-1. Technical details and operations manual Retrieved: http://www.rosta.ua/pics/passport/rrm1.rar, Access: 20.10.2021.
23. Mao, H., Han, L., Hu, J., Kumi, F. (2014). Development of a pincette-type pick-up device for automatic transplanting of greenhouse seedlings. Applied engineering in agriculture, 30(4), pp. 547-556.
24. Mitkov, V., Kiurchev, S., Nurek, T., Chorna, T., Ihnatiev, Ye. (2021). Scientific bases of aggregation of combined units on the basis of an integrated tractor. Monograph. Warsaw.
25. Miwa, Y. (1991). Automation of plant tissue culture process. In Automation in biotechnology: a collection of contributions presented at the Fourth Toyota Conference, Aichi, Japan, Amsterdam: Elsevier.
26. Mudryk K, Hutsol T., Ovcharuk O. (2021). Określenie rozłożenia pędów wierzby energetycznej. Trends and challenges of modern agricultural science: theory and practice, Kyiv, рp. 20-22.
27. Roik, M.V., Sinchenko, V.M., Fuchylo, Y.D. (2015). Energety`chna verba: texnologiya vy`roshhuvannya ta vy`kory`stannya (Energy willow: cultivation technology and usage). LLC “Nilan-LTD”, Vinnitsa, р.340 (in Ukrainian).
28. SALIX energy. Retrieved: https://www.salix-energy.com. Access: 20.10.2021.
29. Seedling planters. Retrieved: http://www.agro-sistema.ru/index.php? option=com_content&view=article&id=89&Itemid=76 Access: 20.10.2021.
30. Sinchenko, V., Fuchylo, Ya., Humentyk, M. (2015). Koryhuvannia dlia verby (Adjustments for willow). The Ukrainian Farmer (in Ukrainian).
31. Usenko, M.V. (2010). Kompleks malogabarytnyh mashyn dlya vyroshchuvannya odnorichnyh kultur na peresichnyi miscevosti (The small-size machine complex for growing non-perennial crops in rough terrain). Monograph. RVV LNU, Lutsk, р. 240 (in Russian).
32. Willowpedia. Retrieved: https://www.youtube.com/user/Willowpedia. Access: 20.10.2021.
33. Wimatec Mattes GMBH. Retrieved: http://www.wimatec-mattes.de. Access: 20.10.2021.
34. Wrobel, M., Mudryk, K., Jewiarz, M., Knapczyk, A. (2018). Impact of raw material properties and agglomeration pressure on selected parmeters of granulates obtained from willow and black locust biomass. Engineering for Rural Development. Jelgava, 23-25 May 2018, pp. 1933-1938.
35. Yermakov, S. (2017) Kierunki optymizacji maszyn dla sadzenia wierzby energetycznej. Skróty referetów i posterów Konferencji Naukowej pt. Inżyneria produkcji rolniczej i leśnej. Warszawa, 8-9 czzerwca 2017, p. 75-77.
36. Yermakov, S.V. (2017). Prospects for improvement of constructions for planting energy crops cuttings. Podilskyi visnyk: silske gospodarstvo, tekhnika, ekonomika, v. 2, pp. 37-45.
37. Yermakov, S., Hutsol, T., Ovcharuk, O., Kolosiuk, I. (2019). Mathematic simulation of cutting unloading from the bunker. Independent journal of management & production v.10, n.7, Special Edition PDATU, 758-777. https://doi.org/10.14807/IJMP.V10I7.909.
38. Yermakov, S., Hutsol, T., Mudryk, K., Dziedzic, K., Mykhailova, L. (2019). The analysis of stochastic processes in unloading the energy willow cuttings from the hopper. Environment, Technology, Resources. Rezekne; Latvia; 249-252. https://doi.org/10.17770/etr2019vol3.4159.
39. Yermakov, S.V., Hutsol, T.D. (2018). Features of the heterogeneous rood-like materials outflow (by example of energy willow cutting). Technological and methodological aspects of agri-food engineering in young scientist research, p. 55-68.
40. Yermakov, S., Hutsol, T., Slobodian, S., Komarnitskyi, S., Tysh, M. (2018). Possibility of using automation tools for planting of the energy willow cuttings. Renewable Energy Sources: Engineering, Technology, Innovation. pp. 419-429. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13888-2_42
41. Yermakov, S, Tulej, M., Tulej, W., Shevchuk, I. (2018). Analiz konstruktsiy avtomativ sadinnia (Construction analysis means of plantingі automation). Tendentsii ta perspektyvy rozvytku nauky i osvity v umovakh hlobalizatsii. Vypusk 34, Pereiaslav-Khmelnytskyi, pp.615-619 (in Ukrainian).
42. Yermakov, S. (2019). Application of the laplace transform to calculate the velocity of a two-phase fluid modulated by the movement of cuttings of an energy willow (Salix Viminalis). Теka. Quarterly journal of agri-food industry, v. 2, p. 71-78.
43. Yermakov, S., Boris, N. (2016). Sopostavlenie reshenij lesoposadochnyh mashin s trebovaniyami dlya energeticheskih drevesnyh kul'tur (iva, topol') (Comparison of planting machine solutions with requirements for energy tree crops (willow, poplar)). Sovremennyj nauchnyj vestnik. № 20-1 (267). Belgorod: Rusnauchkniga. pp. 67-68 (in Russian).
44. Yermakov, S.V., Borys, M.M. (2015). Analiz efektyvnosti ahrehativ dlia sadinnia enerhetychnoi verby (Efficiency analysis of the energy willow planting devices). Veda a vznik - 2015. Dil 14 Ekologie Zemepis a geologie Vystavba a architektura Zemedelstvi,Praha, pp. 47-49 (in Ukrainian).
45. Yermakov, S., Hutsol, T. Mudryk, K. (2018). Vykorystannia verby v enerhetychnykh i hospodarskykh tsiliakh (Using willow for energy and economic purposes). Tendentsii ta perspektyvy rozvytku nauky i osvity v umovakh hlobalizatsii, Pereiaslav-Khmelnytskyi, s.732-735 (in Ukrainian).
46. Yermakov, S., Hutsol, T., Mudryk, K. (2019). Peredumovy vyroshchuvannia enerhetychnoi verby v Ukraini (Prerequisites for growing energy willow in Ukraine). Enerhoefektyvnist: nauka, tekhnolohii, zastosuvannia. Kyiv, s.16-18 (in Ukrainian).
47. Yermakov S.V., Hutsol T.D. (2021). Investigation of the process of gravitational unloading of energy willow cuttings in the conditions of static and dynamic arches. Engineering of nature management, vip.3, s. 97-109.
48. Zyma, I.M., Maliutin, T.T. (2006). Mekhanizatsiia lisohospodarskykh robit (Mechanization of forestry works). Kyiv: INKOS, 488 p. (in Ukrainian).
2. Asmolovskyi, M.K., Loi, V.N., Zhukov, A.V. (2004). Mekhanizaciya liesnogo i parkovogo hoziaystva (Mechanization of the forest, park and garden management). BSTU, Minsk. 450 р. (in Russian).
3. Baran, D., Kwaśniewski, D., Mudryk K. (2007). Wybrane właściwości fizyczne trzyletniej wierzby energetycznej. Inżynieria Rolnicza. V. 11. pp. 7-12.
4. Bartenev, I.M. (2012). Automatizaciya processa posadki rasteniy (Automation of the planting process). Scientific journal of the KubSAU 75(01), pp. 384-396 (in Russian).
5. Bartenev, I.M. (2017). Innovacionnye napravleniya tekhnicheskogo razvitiya lesnogo hozyajstva i zashchitnogo lesorazvedeniya (Innovative directions of technical development of forest management and protective forcession). Aktual'nye napravleniya nauchnyh issledovanij XXI veka: teoriya i praktika. T.5. pp. 307-309 (in Russian).
6. Borys, M.M., Yermakov, S.V. (2017). Perspektyvy avtomatyzatsii sadinnia zhyvtsiv enerhetychnykh kultur (Prospects for automation of planting cuttings of energy crops). Zbirnyk naukovykh prats Mizhnarodnoi naukovoi konferentsii. Kamianets-Podilskyi, 2017. pp. 23-26 (in Ukrainian).
7. Bush, C., Volk, T.A., Eisenbies H. (2015). Planting rates and delays during the establishment of willow biomass crops. Biomass and Bioenergy. V.83, 290-296 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.10.008
8. Dziedzic, K., Łapczyńska-Kordon, B., Mudryk, K. (2017). Decision support systems to establish plantations of energy crops on the example of willow (Salix Viminalis L.). Scientific achievements in agricultural engineering, agronomy and veterinary medicine polish ukrainian cooperation. Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 150-160.
9. Evseev, L. (1977) Rassadoposadochnaya mashina. Tekhnika molodezhi, 09
10. Frączek, J., Mudryk, K. (2005). Jakości sadzonek wierzby energetycznej w aspekcie sadzenia mechanicznego. Inżynieria Rolnicza, 6 (66),159-167.
11. Galle, D.T. (2012). Development of an automated precision planter for establishment of Miscanthus giganteus. Purdue University. ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, 2012. 10156261.
12. Hutsol T., Glowacki S., Mudryk K. Agrobiomass of Ukraine – Energy Potential of Central and Eastern Europe (Engineering, Technology, Innovation, Economics). Monograph. Warsaw: 2021. 136 p.
13. Hutsol, T., Yermakov, S., Firman, Ju, Duganets, V., Bodnar, A. (2018). Analysis of technical solutions of planting machines, which can be used in planting energy willow Renewable Energy Sources: Engineering, Technology, Innovation. pp. 99-111. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13888-2_10.
14. Ivanyshyn, V., Yermakov, S., Ishchenko, T., Mudryk, K., Hutsol, T. (2020). Calculation algorithm for the dynamic coefficient of vibroviscosity and other properties of energy willow cuttings movement in terms of their unloading from the tanker. E3S Web of Conferences, 154, 04005. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015404005.
15. Kasimov, N.G., Konstantinov, V.I., Kutiavin, A.S. (2015). Klassifikaciya rassadoposadochnyx mashy`n po osnovnym pry`znakam funkcy`ony`rovany`ya. [Classification of seedlings planters according to the main operating principles]. Vestnik of the Izhevsk State Agricultural Academy, 3 (44), pp. 20-25. (in Russian)
16. Kravchuk, V., Novokhatskyi, M., Kozhushko, M., Dumych, V., Zhurba, H. (2013). Na shliakhu do stvorennia plantatsii enerhetychnykh kultur (On the way to creating energy plantations). Tekhnika i tekhnolohii APK, № 2 (41) (in Ukrainian).
17. Kucher, O., Prokopchuk, L. (2019). Economic aspects of biomass market development in Ukraine. Renewable Energy Sources engineering, technology, innovation. Krynica. pp. 12-14. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015401007.
18. Kucher, O., Prokopchuk, L. (2017). The development of the market of the renewable energy in Ukraine. Renewable Energy Sources: Engineering, Technology, Innovation. Springer International Publishing AG. pp. 71-81. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72371-6_8.
19. Kutz, L.J., Craven, J.B. (1994). Evaluation of photoelectric sensors for robotic transplantation. Applied Engineering in Agriculture, 10 (1), pp.115-121.
20. Liu, K., Cheng G. and Kong, Z. (2019). Beidou agricultural machinery automatic driving software design, 2019 IEEE 4th Advanced Information Technology, Electronic and Automation Control Conference (IAEAC), pp. 1770-1775, https://doi.org/10.1109/IAEAC47372.2019.8997712
21. Lys, S.S. (2009). Ohliad tekhnolohii hazyfikatsii derevyny (Review of wood gasification technology). Naukovyi visnyk NLTU Ukrainy: zb. nauk.-tekhn. prats. Lviv (in Ukrainian)
22. Manual seedling planter РРМ-1. Technical details and operations manual Retrieved: http://www.rosta.ua/pics/passport/rrm1.rar, Access: 20.10.2021.
23. Mao, H., Han, L., Hu, J., Kumi, F. (2014). Development of a pincette-type pick-up device for automatic transplanting of greenhouse seedlings. Applied engineering in agriculture, 30(4), pp. 547-556.
24. Mitkov, V., Kiurchev, S., Nurek, T., Chorna, T., Ihnatiev, Ye. (2021). Scientific bases of aggregation of combined units on the basis of an integrated tractor. Monograph. Warsaw.
25. Miwa, Y. (1991). Automation of plant tissue culture process. In Automation in biotechnology: a collection of contributions presented at the Fourth Toyota Conference, Aichi, Japan, Amsterdam: Elsevier.
26. Mudryk K, Hutsol T., Ovcharuk O. (2021). Określenie rozłożenia pędów wierzby energetycznej. Trends and challenges of modern agricultural science: theory and practice, Kyiv, рp. 20-22.
27. Roik, M.V., Sinchenko, V.M., Fuchylo, Y.D. (2015). Energety`chna verba: texnologiya vy`roshhuvannya ta vy`kory`stannya (Energy willow: cultivation technology and usage). LLC “Nilan-LTD”, Vinnitsa, р.340 (in Ukrainian).
28. SALIX energy. Retrieved: https://www.salix-energy.com. Access: 20.10.2021.
29. Seedling planters. Retrieved: http://www.agro-sistema.ru/index.php? option=com_content&view=article&id=89&Itemid=76 Access: 20.10.2021.
30. Sinchenko, V., Fuchylo, Ya., Humentyk, M. (2015). Koryhuvannia dlia verby (Adjustments for willow). The Ukrainian Farmer (in Ukrainian).
31. Usenko, M.V. (2010). Kompleks malogabarytnyh mashyn dlya vyroshchuvannya odnorichnyh kultur na peresichnyi miscevosti (The small-size machine complex for growing non-perennial crops in rough terrain). Monograph. RVV LNU, Lutsk, р. 240 (in Russian).
32. Willowpedia. Retrieved: https://www.youtube.com/user/Willowpedia. Access: 20.10.2021.
33. Wimatec Mattes GMBH. Retrieved: http://www.wimatec-mattes.de. Access: 20.10.2021.
34. Wrobel, M., Mudryk, K., Jewiarz, M., Knapczyk, A. (2018). Impact of raw material properties and agglomeration pressure on selected parmeters of granulates obtained from willow and black locust biomass. Engineering for Rural Development. Jelgava, 23-25 May 2018, pp. 1933-1938.
35. Yermakov, S. (2017) Kierunki optymizacji maszyn dla sadzenia wierzby energetycznej. Skróty referetów i posterów Konferencji Naukowej pt. Inżyneria produkcji rolniczej i leśnej. Warszawa, 8-9 czzerwca 2017, p. 75-77.
36. Yermakov, S.V. (2017). Prospects for improvement of constructions for planting energy crops cuttings. Podilskyi visnyk: silske gospodarstvo, tekhnika, ekonomika, v. 2, pp. 37-45.
37. Yermakov, S., Hutsol, T., Ovcharuk, O., Kolosiuk, I. (2019). Mathematic simulation of cutting unloading from the bunker. Independent journal of management & production v.10, n.7, Special Edition PDATU, 758-777. https://doi.org/10.14807/IJMP.V10I7.909.
38. Yermakov, S., Hutsol, T., Mudryk, K., Dziedzic, K., Mykhailova, L. (2019). The analysis of stochastic processes in unloading the energy willow cuttings from the hopper. Environment, Technology, Resources. Rezekne; Latvia; 249-252. https://doi.org/10.17770/etr2019vol3.4159.
39. Yermakov, S.V., Hutsol, T.D. (2018). Features of the heterogeneous rood-like materials outflow (by example of energy willow cutting). Technological and methodological aspects of agri-food engineering in young scientist research, p. 55-68.
40. Yermakov, S., Hutsol, T., Slobodian, S., Komarnitskyi, S., Tysh, M. (2018). Possibility of using automation tools for planting of the energy willow cuttings. Renewable Energy Sources: Engineering, Technology, Innovation. pp. 419-429. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13888-2_42
41. Yermakov, S, Tulej, M., Tulej, W., Shevchuk, I. (2018). Analiz konstruktsiy avtomativ sadinnia (Construction analysis means of plantingі automation). Tendentsii ta perspektyvy rozvytku nauky i osvity v umovakh hlobalizatsii. Vypusk 34, Pereiaslav-Khmelnytskyi, pp.615-619 (in Ukrainian).
42. Yermakov, S. (2019). Application of the laplace transform to calculate the velocity of a two-phase fluid modulated by the movement of cuttings of an energy willow (Salix Viminalis). Теka. Quarterly journal of agri-food industry, v. 2, p. 71-78.
43. Yermakov, S., Boris, N. (2016). Sopostavlenie reshenij lesoposadochnyh mashin s trebovaniyami dlya energeticheskih drevesnyh kul'tur (iva, topol') (Comparison of planting machine solutions with requirements for energy tree crops (willow, poplar)). Sovremennyj nauchnyj vestnik. № 20-1 (267). Belgorod: Rusnauchkniga. pp. 67-68 (in Russian).
44. Yermakov, S.V., Borys, M.M. (2015). Analiz efektyvnosti ahrehativ dlia sadinnia enerhetychnoi verby (Efficiency analysis of the energy willow planting devices). Veda a vznik - 2015. Dil 14 Ekologie Zemepis a geologie Vystavba a architektura Zemedelstvi,Praha, pp. 47-49 (in Ukrainian).
45. Yermakov, S., Hutsol, T. Mudryk, K. (2018). Vykorystannia verby v enerhetychnykh i hospodarskykh tsiliakh (Using willow for energy and economic purposes). Tendentsii ta perspektyvy rozvytku nauky i osvity v umovakh hlobalizatsii, Pereiaslav-Khmelnytskyi, s.732-735 (in Ukrainian).
46. Yermakov, S., Hutsol, T., Mudryk, K. (2019). Peredumovy vyroshchuvannia enerhetychnoi verby v Ukraini (Prerequisites for growing energy willow in Ukraine). Enerhoefektyvnist: nauka, tekhnolohii, zastosuvannia. Kyiv, s.16-18 (in Ukrainian).
47. Yermakov S.V., Hutsol T.D. (2021). Investigation of the process of gravitational unloading of energy willow cuttings in the conditions of static and dynamic arches. Engineering of nature management, vip.3, s. 97-109.
48. Zyma, I.M., Maliutin, T.T. (2006). Mekhanizatsiia lisohospodarskykh robit (Mechanization of forestry works). Kyiv: INKOS, 488 p. (in Ukrainian).
Published
2021-09-30
How to Cite
Yermakov, S. V., Hutsol, T. D., Potapskyj, P. V., & Garasymchuk, I. D. (2021). STRUCTURING THE PROCESS OF AUTOMATION OF PLANTING PLANTS OF ENERGY WILLOW. Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. The Series: Mechanization and Automation of Production Processes, (3 (45), 10-17. https://doi.org/10.32845/msnau.2021.3.2
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