CLEANING OF SUGAR BEET SEEDS IN INCLINED AIR FLOW WITH INITIAL VELOCITY OF COMPONENTS
Abstract
Cleaning of agricultural crop seed is a necessary component to obtain the final product of the best quality. Therefore, for high-quality production of sugar beets, it is necessary to use high-quality sowing seeds. The seeds for sowing must be of high quality, namely physical purity, which in turn will allow us to obtain high yields. When cleaning seeds, or grains, their mechanical and technological properties are used, namely: the shape of the seed surface; its so-called geometric dimensions (length, width and thickness); density and others. During the cleaning of the mixture of sugar beet and wild radish seeds, according to aerodynamic properties, scientists proved that the seeds of the latter crop have the highest critical speed – 7.5 m/s, against 6 m/c for sugar beet seeds. Therefore, the division cannot be performed in this way. The article describes one of the methods of cleaning sugarcane seeds with an inclined air flow. This flow supplied the grain mixture according to the principle of dispersion of the trajectory of particles in the direction of the speed of the air flow. The rate of removal of sugar beet and wild radish seeds was determined by the ratio of the weight of the seeds that entered the upper receiver to the weight of the seeds of the lower receiver. D. Alembert's principle was used during the study of the movement of sugar beet and wild radish seeds in an inclined air flow. Calculations were made to determine the critical speed of sugar beet seeds and wild radish seeds; air flow resistance forces. The dependences of the change in buoyancy on envelopment with a moistened substance are given. In many scientific articles by scientists both from Ukraine and the world, methods and methods of cleaning the seeds of agricultural crops from impurities are given; the process of bleaching seed material on sieves is given. The obtained mathematical dependencies show us that only a change in the critical speed of the components of the mixture will allow us to better clean the sugar beet seeds in an inclined air flow that comes with the initial speed. Dependences on determining the relative speed of movement in the vertical air flow of the components of the seed mixture: sugar beet – wild radish are given.
References
2. DSTU 4605:2006 Nasinnia kormovykh buriakiv. [Oilseeds. Methods for determination of moisture content]. Kyiv: Derzhspozhyvstandart of Ukraine, 10. (in Ukrainian).
3. DSTU 4811-2007 (2009). Nasinnia oliinykh kultur. Metody vyznachennia volohosti [Oilseeds. Methods for determination of moisture content]. Kyiv: Derzhspozhyvstandart of Ukraine, 10. (in Ukrainian).
4. DSTU 6068-2008. (2008). Nasinnia soniashnyku. Sortovi ta posivni yakosti. Tekhnichni umovy [Sunflower seeds. Varietal and sowing qualities. Technical conditions]. Kyiv: Derzhspozhyvstandart of Ukraine, 7. (in Ukrainian).
5. DSTU 8140:2015 Nasinnia tsukrovykh buriakiv bazysne. Posivni yakosti. Tekhnichni umovy [Nasinnia tsukrovykh buriakiv bazysne. Posivni yakosti. Tekhnichni umovy] Instytut tsukrovykh buriakiv Natsionalnoi akademii ahrarnykh nauk Ukrainy (NAANU)] Kyiv: State Standard of Ukraine, 74. (in Ukrainian).
6. Ghonimy, M. Rostom, M. (2022). Design and Performance Evaluation of Canola-Seed Cleaning Machine . Turkish Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research , 3 (2) , pp. 214-230. DOI: 10.46592/turkager.1131804.
7. Holovchenko H. S. Kalnahuz O. M. Ochyshchennia nasinnia tsukrovoho buriaka vid mahnitnoho poroshku pislia obrobky na elektromahnitnykh nasinnieochysnykh mashynakh Cleaning of sugar beet seeds from magnetic powder after processing on electromagnetic seed cleaning machines] Sumskyi NAU.. – 2018. – URL: https://repo.snau.edu.ua/bitstream/123456789/7079/1/2.pdf. (in Ukrainian).
8. Holovchenko H.S. (2020) Ochyshchennia nasinnia tsukrovoho buriaka vid dykoi redky na elektromahnitnykh nasinnieochysnykh mashynoi za dopomohoiu zvolozhennia vykhidnoho materialu [Cleaning of sugar beet seeds from wild radish on electromagnetic seed cleaning machines with the help of moistening of the source material] Visnyk Sumskoho natsionalnoho ahrarnoho universytetu: naukovyi zhurnal. – Ser. «Mekhanizatsiia ta avtomatyzatsiia vyrobnychykh protsesiv» / Sumy: SNAU, 2020. – Vyp. 1 (39). – S. 34-38. (in Ukrainian).
9. Holovchenko, H. (2019). Rezultaty doslidzhen po ochyshchenniu nasinnia tsukrovoho buriaka vid dykoi redky v zalezhnosti vid podachi mahnitnoho poroshku zi zmishuvanniam vykhidnoho materialu z mahnitnym poroshkom na elektromahnitnykh nasinnieochysnykh mashynakh. [The results of research on the cleaning of sugar beet seeds from radish vetch depending on the supply of magnetic powder with mixing of the starting material with magnetic powder on electromagnetic seed cleaning machines] Visnyk Sumskoho natsionalnoho ahrarnoho universytetu. Seriia: Mekhanizatsiia ta avtomatyzatsiia vyrobnychykh protsesiv, (4 (38), pp. 19-24. https://doi.org/10.32845/msnau.2019.4.4 (in Ukrainian).
10. Kharchenko, S. O., Kharchenko, F. M., Pankova, O. V., Bakum, M. V., & Kharchenko, D. O. (2022). Identyfikatsiia vlastyvostei nasinnievykh sumishei pry yikh podili na vibrovidtsentrovykh reshetnykh separatorakh. [identification of the properties of seed mixtures during their separation on vibro-centrifugal sieve separators] Visnyk SNAU. Seriia: Mekhanizatsiia ta avtomatyzatsiia vyrobnychykh protsesiv, (2(48), pp. 83-87. https://doi.org/10.32845/msnau.2022.2.12 (in Ukrainian).
11. Mishra, A., Sinha, J. P., Singh, J. K., & Tomar, B. S. (2018). Development of solar powered pneumatic grain/seed cleaning system. The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 88(11), 1676–1681. https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v88i11.84890
12. Sardorbek S. I. (2022) Determine Effectiveness of cotton Seed Cleaning and Sorting Machines. Journal Published by Muhammadiyah University Sidoarjo. DOI:10.21070/acopen.7.2022.4717.
13. Sysolin P.V. Teoriia, proektuvannia ta rozrakhunky posivnykh mashyn: navch. Posibnyk. [Theory, design and development of agricultural machines: Navch. helper.] / P.V. Sysolin. – K.:ISDO, 1994. – 148 s. (in Ukrainian).
14. Tsarenko O.M., Voitiuk D.H., Shvaiko V.M., Dovzhyk M.Ia., Yatsun S.S. (2003) Mekhaniko-tekhnolohichni vlastyvosti silskohospodarskykh materialiv [Mechanical and technological properties of agricultural materials]: pidruch. dlia ahr. vyshch. navch. zakl. osvity II-IV rivniv akredytatsii zi spets. "Mekhanizatsiia silskoho hospodarstva" / red. S. S. Yatsun. – K. : Meta, 2003. – 448 s.: il. – Bibliohr.: s. 440. (in Ukrainian).
15. Uhlarik A., Popov S., Karagić D., Ponjičan O. (2018) Alfalfa seed cleaning using a magnetic separator. Journal on Processing and Energy in Agriculture 22(4): pp.192-195. – . DOI:10.5937/jpea1804192U
16. Voitiuk D. H. (2008) Silskohospodarski mashyny: osnovy teorii ta rozrakhunku [Agricultural machines: the basics of theory and calculations]: navch. posibnyk dlia stud. ahrarnykh vyshchykh zakl. osvity III-IV rivniv akredytatsii zi spets. "Mekhanizatsiia silskoho hospodarstva" / D. H. Voitiuk [y dr.] ; red. D. H. Voitiuk. – Sumy : Universytetska knyha, – 543 c. (in Ukrainian).
17. Wilber A., Peter T., Isaac O., Emmanuel B., Julia K., Ismael M. & Hussein B. K. (2021) Development and performance evaluation of a Pedal Operated Seed Cleaner (POS-Cleaner). SN Appl. Sci. 3, 675. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-021-04612-6.
18. Zaika P. M. Teoriia silskohospodarskykh mashyn. T.1, Ch.2. Mashyny dlia sivby ta sadinnia. [Theory of agricultural machines. T.1, Part 2. Cars for sivbi ta sadinnya.]/Zaika P. M. – Kharkiv: Oko, 2002.-452 s. (in Ukrainian).
ISSN 
ISSN 
